Papepala: malangizo oyang'anira nyumba ndi mipesa

Dzina la zomera la zomera izi likuchokera ku liwu lachi Greek episkios - "shaded" ndipo limafanana ndi malo a kukula kwake kwachirengedwe.

Mafotokozedwe obiriwira omwe amatha kufotokoza bwino amafalikira pamtunda mumthunzi wa mitengo yamitambo yotentha ya ku South America.

Mu chikhalidwe cha chipinda, mitunduyi imayimilidwa ngati mawonekedwe oyambirira, ndi zinyama zambiri zodabwitsa, kuphatikizapo mtundu wochepa wa masamba okongola ndi maluwa okongola.

Kulongosola kwakukulu kwa zomera

Mapepala - awa ndi odzichepetsa odziletsa otentha ndi mizu yambiri, zowoneka pansi pamtunda ndi ndevu zam'mwamba zam'mwamba ndi wamkazi leafy rosettes.

Mapepala a Leaf - aakulu, oval, pubescent - ali ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu yobiriwira ndi ya bulauni yomwe ili ndi kuwala, mazira, mitsempha yotseguka ndi mawanga. Masamba owongoka, popanda kutaya kukongoletsa, amasungidwa pa tsinde kwa zaka zingapo.

Kuchokera kumapeto kwa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa nthawi yophukira. Zakudya zimakongoletsedwa ndi maluwa okongola ofanana ndi mabelu owala: chipale chofewa, bluish, wakuda pinki, wofiira wamoto, dzuwa lalanje. Mu mitundu ina ya zomerazi, m'mphepete mwa maluwawo muli phokoso.

Video iyi imapereka zambiri zokhudza zomera:

Chithunzi

Chithunzicho chikuwonetsa lissa Episcia, mosamala bwino kunyumba:

Kusamalira kwanu

Mitundu yonse ndi mitundu sizikhala ndi madzi owopsa kapena zowononga, koma m'chipinda chomera chimatha kukhala ndi mavuto, utsi wa fodya kapena mankhwala opsa.

Vidiyoyi imanena za chisamaliro cha pakhomo:

Kuunikira

Mzinda wokhala pansi pamtunda wa Latin America wotentha kwambiri umafuna kuwala, koma makamaka kuwala kosawoneka.

Kuunikira kokwanira kumapatsa mazenera akummawa ndi kumadzulo.

Kum'mwera kwa nyengo kumapeto kwa nyengo, chilimwe chimakhala chofunikira kuyambira maola 10 mpaka 14, ndipo kumpoto, makamaka m'nyengo yozizira, kufunika kuwunikira.

Thandizo! M'zipinda zonyezimira zowala zowoneka bwino kapena zozizwitsa zowonongeka. Zolemba zikhoza kukula miphika yomwe ili pamakoma.

Kutentha

Chitsamba chokonda kutentha chimatha kupirira kutentha kwa 35 ° C popanda kuwonongeka kwa ichokha, komabe, mpata wabwino kwambiri chaka chonse ukuchokera pa madigiri 18 mpaka 25.

Chenjerani: Mavuto otsika osachepera ndi 16ºС.

Episi iyenera kutetezedwa ku madontho otentha ndi kutentha, makamaka owopsa kwa nyengo yachisanu ndi yozizira.

Chidebe ndi nthaka

Zomera, malinga ndi mtundu wa pamwamba pa mizu, zimayikidwa muzitsulo zochepa, zazikulu zazing'ono. Ngakhale kwa Episci okhwima, kukula kwake kwa thanki sikudutsa 20-22cm. Kuchotsa chinyezi chowonjezera pansi pa chidebecho chiyenera kukhala ndi dzenje la madzi.

Zosasunthika, zosalowerera ndale kapena zowonongeka pang'ono, nthaka yochepa kwambiri imakhala yofunika.

Mungagwiritse ntchito mapulogalamu opangidwa ndi okonzeka ndi ma Gesneria, omwe Epice ikugwirizana, kapena konzekerani chisakanizo cha magawo awiri a nthaka yamapiri ndi gawo limodzi la peat ndi mchenga wofanana wa mchenga.

Zimathandizanso kuwonjezera msuzi wotchedwa sphagnum ndi opunthidwa makala.

Tikufika

Ikani dothi losakanikirana la dothi lokhala ndi dothi kapena miyala yaying'ono pansi pa thanki. Kenaka muyenera kutsanulira khola la nthaka yokonzedweratu, ndi pamwamba pake kuti muyike mizu yoongoka.

Lembani nthaka kusakaniza, kuisindikiza mokoma komanso osakumba pansi muzu wa chitsambacho, ndikutsanulira pa "nyumba yatsopano".

Kuwaza

Pewani zitsanzo zomwe zimakula bwino chaka chilichonse. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, zomera zimatha kuponyedwa mu thanki yaikulu ndikudzaza ndi nthaka yatsopano, koma kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, kuika machiritso kumafunika ndikubwezeretsa pansi.

Ndikofunikira! Pambuyo pake, chomeracho chidzafuna kuwonjezereka kwa mpweya ndi kutsika mthunzi pa sabata.

Vidiyoyi ikuwonetsa momwe mungapititsire bwino kunyumba:

Kuthirira ndi chinyezi

Nthaka ya Episcia sayenera kuuma kapena kutentha chinyezi. Kuthamanga kwabwino kwa ulimi wothirira ndi madzi ozizira kutentha kwapakatikati ndi chilimwe - kuyambira awiri mpaka 4 pa sabata, m'nyengo yozizira - mwinamwake mochepa.

Ndikofunikira! Panthawi yomweyi, madzi sayenera kuloledwa kugwa pamasamba a pubescent. N'zotheka kuchepetsa kuthirira.

Mitengo iyi, makamaka ana, imasowa mpweya wonyezimira. Mmalo mopopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kuteteza madontho a madzi kuti asagwere pamasamba, amawathira mpweya chifukwa cha madzi.

Kuti muchite izi, ikani mphika pamphepete mwa miyala yaying'ono yowonongeka - miyala yamtengo wapatali kapena dothi lowonjezera.

Ngati Episcia ikukula m'mbiya yowonjezera, mitsuko ya sphagnum imayikidwa pakati pa makoma a miphika ndi poto, kenako imayambitsidwa.

Mavuto abwino a chinyezi amatha kulengedwa mu mini-wowonjezera kutentha kapena m'madzi otentha terrarium.

Kupaka pamwamba

Pa nthawi ya kukula ndi maluwa, m'chaka ndi chilimwe, feteleza imachitika milungu iwiri iliyonse.

Chenjerani: Panthawi imodzimodziyo, zonse feteleza zokhala ndi feteleza ndi mchere wothira maluwa zimadzipiritsidwa ndi madzi ambiri kawirikawiri. Amafunika mlingo wokwanira wa zakudya.

Kudyetsa ndi nyengo yozizira sikuchitika.

Maluwa

Wachibadwidwe cha otentha, osakhala ndi nthawi yotchulidwa, akhoza kutuluka bwino kuchokera ku kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa nyundo.

Ngati mphukira zing'onozing'ono zisapangidwe kapena sizipangidwe nkomwe, zifukwa zimakhala chifukwa chosasamalidwa, monga:

• Nthaka imatha nthawi zonse;
• Kuvala pamwamba kuli ndi nayitrogeni wambiri;
• mpweya wouma ndi / kapena ozizira;
• chomeracho alibe kuwala kokwanira.

Pansi pa zinthu zabwino zogwirira ntchito, duwa limakula bwino ndipo limafalikira kwa nthawi yaitali chaka chilichonse.

Kudulira

Kuti apange chitsamba chobiriwira cha mawonekedwe okongola, mphukira zimachepetsedwa mwamsanga pamene maluwawo akuphuka.

Pachifukwa ichi, zitsulo za mphukira zowonongeka zingabzalidwe mu mphika wa chomera cha mayi, kuonetsetsa kuti pangakhale mtsinje waukulu wa mphukira zatsopano.

Masamba owuma ayenera kuchotsedwa mwamsanga.

Kuswana

Kufalitsa masamba ndi ma rosettes ndi stem cuttings ndi ophweka kwambiri. Zizindikiro zonse za mbeu ya mayi zimasungidwa. Njira yoberekera yobereka ndi yovuta kwambiri, ndipo zosiyana siyana pambaliyi zatayika.

Vidiyoyi imapereka ndondomeko yowonjezera:

Mbewu

Mbewu yofesedwa kumapeto kwa dzinja kapena pakati pa chilimwe. Pofuna kupeza zitsanzo zazing'ono, zomwe zimakula m'chaka chofesa, mbewu zimamera mu January-February.

June ndi July mbande zidzangowamba pachimake chaka chamawa.

Mbewu yabwino imafalikira pamwamba pa gawo lopanda kuwala lomwe liri ndi peat ndi mchenga mwa magawo ofanana.

Kufesa kumaphimbidwa ndi galasi kapena mafilimu apulasitiki owonetsetsa, osungunuka, osungunuka ndi kusungidwa kutentha osachepera 20ºС. Akuwombera Episci kumaonekera tsiku lakhumi kapena khumi ndi ziwiri.

Pambuyo masabata awiri kapena atatu amatha kusambira, ndiyeno, pamene akukula, amatha kukhala pansi.

Leaf rosettes

Pa nthawi yogwira kasupe kukula kwachinyamatayo, popanda kudula tsinde-masharubu kukulumikiza ndi chomera chachikulu, prikopat mu poto losiyana ndi gawo la nthaka lopangidwa ndi mchenga wa theka ndi peat. Pa kutentha kwa 23-24ºє rooting samatenga masiku opitirira khumi. Pambuyo pake, masharubu amadulidwa ndikubzalidwa chomera chosiyana pa malo osatha.

Tsinde la cuttings

Spring kukolola phesi ndi zitatu kapena zinayi mfundo kuchokera mbali ya mphukira, osakhala zake masharubu njira. Phesi ikhoza kukhazikika m'madzi kapena nthawi yomweyo imalowa mu mphika ndi nthaka yowala, yokutidwa ndi polyethylene, mpweya wokwanira, wothira ndi kusungidwa pa kutentha kwakukulu kwa 22-24ºє. Kuzukula kwa Episia kumachitika mkati mwa masiku khumi.

Ntchito

Zokongoletsera chaka chonse Episcuy, kupanga chophimba chofalikira chokhala ndi mwana wakula, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera chochititsa chidwi cha ampella.

Zomwe zili choncho, zikhoza kukhala pambali pazitseko zowonekera, komanso pamakoma omwe ali bwino ndi kuwala kwachilengedwe kapena zozizwitsa.

Kuonjezera apo, chomerachi chingakhale chokongoletsera "minda kumbuyo kwa galasi" - terrariums ndi mini-greenhouses. Pachifukwa ichi, Episcia idzayenera kubwezeretsedwa chaka ndi chaka ndi kachilombo kakang'ono, pamene ikukula mofulumira.

Zovuta, zovuta ndi kuthetsa

Mtundu wobiriwira wa masamba umatayika, masamba ndi maluwa zouma asanakwane ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Muyenera kukonza kapena kukonzanso chomeracho.

Mawanga obiriwira pa masamba amawonekera chifukwa cha kuthirira ndi madzi ozizira. Ziyenera kukhala kutentha.

Chenjerani! Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndi feteleza ochulukirapo. Kuperewera kumafuna kudyetsa koyenera.

Mdima umatuluka pa masamba ndi maluwa ndi chifukwa cha matenda opatsirana. Amagunda chomeracho ndi kuphulika kwa chinyezi mu chakale, osasintha nthaka kwa nthawi yaitali.

Mphepete mwa masamba amasanduka pamene palibe okwanira madzi okwanira nthawi zonse. Iyenera kusintha machitidwe ake.

Malangizo a masamba amauma, mphukira zazing'ono sizing'onozing'ono mu mpweya wouma. Zimayenera kuikamo mowonjezereka mwa kuika chidebecho pachiteteko ndi miyala yowonongeka kapena kuchiyika pa wet wet sphagnum.

Masamba amafupika kukula, amawombera ndi kutaya kuwala. Afunika rearrangement kapena dosochivanie zomera.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Kwa Episcus ndizoopsa zowonongeka ndi matenda opatsirana. Mmera umene umakhudzidwa nawo umakhala woonda mu nthaka yokwanira.

Kupewa matendawa ndi mphamvu yabwino ya chinyezi komanso kuchotsedwa kwa madzi omwe amapezeka poto atatha kuthirira.

Ngati matendawa achitika, m'pofunika kukonzekera cuttings kuchokera ku mbali ya Episcia ndikuwakhazikitsa. Zomera zonse ndi nthaka ziyenera kutayidwa, chidebecho chiyenera kusatetezedwa.

Ndikofunikira! Pamatope a pubescent masamba ndi zimayambira, nthawi zina nsabwe za m'masamba, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, thrips, mealybugs ndi whitefly zimatha kuthetsa.

Njira zokha zothana ndi tizirombozi ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito malinga ndi malangizo okonzekera.

Episcia ndi chomera chokwanira cha zipinda zowonongeka bwino. Pansi pa zinthu zosavuta za mulingo woyenera, variegated mphukira pachimake kwambiri komanso mosalekeza chaka chilichonse.