Taro - zosakhalitsa zosatha ku madera otentha.
Chomera cha tropical chinakonda okonda maluwa kuti aziwathandiza kudzichepetsa ndi kuyang'ana kokongola kwa masamba aakuluKukondweretsa diso lonse chaka chonse. M'nthawi zakale, tarokia wakhala wamtengo kuyambira kale. masamba chikhalidwe.
Taro (Colocasia) mabanja Aroids poyamba kuchokera ku Southeast Asia. Osatha, ndi a mtunduwo nthawi zonse ndipo alibe zochepa Mitundu 8, pali wachibale pafupi naye - alokazy.
Tuberous rhizomes, amagwiritsidwa ntchito mu chakudya. Mitundu ina ya tubers imapezeka m'masitolo awiri ndi maluwa zakudya zamagetsi, ndi kukhalapo kwa wowuma amafanizidwa ndi mbatata.
Pa chomera akusowa tsinde, ndi masamba akulu, kukula pafupifupi theka la mita, zili pa petioles yaitali. Chifukwa cha mawonekedwe awo ndi kukula kwake, dzina lodziwika ndi dzina lawo lakhala likuwonekera: "makutu a njovu". Mabala a masamba a herbaceous osatha ndi ofanana ndi mtima kapena chithokomiro.
Zipatso ndizochepa zalanje kapena zipatso zofiira ndi mbewu zingapo.
Maluwa pa tarokaziya osadziwika, ochepa.
Kawirikawiri zimawoneka muzomwe zili mkati.
Kunyumba kunyada - wowala, wobiriwira, ndi splashes a mtundu wosiyana, ndi choyambirira wavy m'mphepete mwa masamba.
Chifukwa cha iwo, mlendo wotentha amawoneka opindulitsa ndi yekha, ndipo akuphatikizapo zomera zina.
Mitundu ya herbaceous osatha ndi chithunzi
Kukongola kwakukulu kwa malo okongola otentha kwambiri zoyenera kwa malo obiriwira, m'nyumba zamkati, minda. Komabe, mitundu ina imapezeka mu mawonekedwe zomera zamkati.
Chimake
Kukula kukufanana ndi dzina, ndipo mwachilengedwe kutalika kwa mbewu kumadza mpaka mamita 3Masamba ndi obiriwira, orescrescent, kutalika kwake kufika pa masentimita 80, m'lifupi - 70 masentimita, pamitumbo yawo imawonekera bwino. Rhizomes - tuberiform. Kuphika kutalika mpaka masentimita 20. Kodi "giant taro" ikuwoneka bwanji pansipa pa chithunzi:
Kale
Kale Taro ali ndi mayina angapo - kudya zakudya, Dashin. Mbewu za ndiwo zamasamba tsopano zikulima makamaka m'madera ambiri a Kumwera cha Kum'ma Asia.
Masamba, mphukira, tubers amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa chakudya. Tubers ali ndi mavitamini ndi zakudya zambiri. Zapangidwa kuchokera ku ufa, mowa, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuphika zimasiyana mtundu wa mapira a tubers ndi misala: ena amafika mpaka 4 kilograms. Taro kapena taro amadya pa chithunzi chili pansipa:
Chenjerani!
Taro amadyidwa kokha ataphika. Mbali iliyonse ya chomera choyamba yokazinga, yophika, yophika. N'kosatheka kudya yaiwisi, monga madzi a kolokozii ndi owopsa.
Madzi
Mitundu yonse ya kutentha kosatha yamapiri, chifukwa madzi amatha kukhala ofunika kwambiri. Chikhalidwe cha malo okhala m'malo osungiramo malo, m'malo ochepetsetsa. Madzi otayira ndi masamba obiriwira amakhala ndi stolon yonyezimira, kufika mamita 1.5, ndi pafupifupi masentimita imodzi. Chithunzichi m'munsimu chikuwonetsa "Colocasia m'madzi":
Zonyenga
Kutchire, imamera kumadera otentha a Himalaya - kumalo ozizira kumapiri a mapiri. M'lifupi la masamba - 20-30 masentimita. Rhizome - tuber. "Taro ndi chinyengo" akuwonetsedwa mu chithunzi chili pansipa:
Zosamalira
Taro wodzichepetsa. Ndibwino, osatha chaka chonse adzasangalala chic mawonekedwe. Kwa maluwa amkati, nthawi zina zonse ndizosankha.
Kuyambira kutseguka kwa nyengo yozizira, zomera zimachotsedwa. Pofika nyengo yozizira, zida zosatha zimakumbidwa ndi kusungidwa kutentha kwa pafupifupi 10-12 ° C mpaka kumayambiriro kwa March. Mu masika, tubers amabzalidwa miphika, ndi wowonjezera kutentha nthawi yomweyo pansi.
Mofanana ndi aroids onse, amafunika kusamala mosamala. Pofuna kuteteza madzi owopsa povulaza mbewu, nkofunika kuteteza ana ang'onoang'ono, kukoka chirichonse m'kamwa mwao, amphaka ndi agalu apakhomo akuphimba mphuno kulikonse.
Chenjezo liyenera kuwonedwera mukamaika.
Chenjerani!
Taro ndi owopsa. Madzi amachititsa kutupa kwa khungu ndi m'kamwa mwacosa. Kuwotcha ndi kupweteka kochokera ku khungu. Kuyanjana kwa diso kumabweretsa conjunctivitis, ndipo muzovuta kwambiri, kusintha kwa cornea.
Mu zovuta kunyumba Mukhoza kukula mtundu uliwonse wa oimira, ngati pangakhale malo oyenera. Ndi wodzichepetsa zamasamba osatha, ngati akukhumba, akhoza kugwira novice mu floriculture.
Chinyezi ndi kuthirira
Monga malo okhala otentha, zomera zimakonda kutentha, kuwala, ndi chinyezi.
Kulephera kapena kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kumakhudza nthawi yomweyo mawonekedwe onse. Mukamwetsa, ndi bwino kumamatira pazomwe mukuyesa: kuchepetsa nthawi zambiri, koma kuti musadzaze: nthaka ikhale nayo nthawi yopumira.
Malamulo a kuthirira ndi osavuta:
- nyengo ya chilimwe ndi chilimwe - madzi okwanira nthawi zambiri;
- m'nyengo yozizira - moyenera;
- nthaka silingakhale yowonongeka;
- madzi ochulukirapo adzakhudza kwambiri mizu;
- Madzi a ulimi wothirira ayenera kuthetsedwa.
Chomeracho chimakwera mofulumira kwa chinyezi cha mlengalenga, chotero kupopera mbewu mankhwala ndi njira yoyenera.
Kuthirira yekha, makamaka m'miyezi yotentha, sikukwanira.
Kuonjezera apo, chotengera ndi madzi chimayikidwa pambali pake, kapena mphika womwewo umayikidwa mu tray yomwe ili ndi dothi lokulitsa.
M'nyengo yozizira, kuthira mchere ndi njira zonsezi pamwamba, kupatula kupopera mbewu.
Kutonthoza kutentha ndi kuyatsa
Kolokoziya, amakonda kuwala, koma osati dzuwa. Kuwonekera bwino - mawindo akuyang'ana kumadzulo ndi kummawa. Chikhalidwe cha kumudzi chikhoza kuima kumwera, ngati mthunzi ukuperekedwa. Mawindo kumpoto, mosiyana, sangapereke kuunika koyenera, komwe kungaperekedwe ndi chithandizo cha kuunikira kwina.
Pa kutentha pansipa + 15 ° C, chomera cha thermophilic chimayamba kutaya masamba. Choncho, kutentha kwapang'ono ndi kuphatikizapo + 20 ° C m'chilimwe komanso kuphatikizapo 15 ° C m'nyengo yozizira. Kuwonjezera pa kuzizira, tarry sichilola kulemba.
Chenjerani!Mitengo ya zomera ndi monochromatic masamba idzalekerera kusowa kwa kuwala. Motley, kuwala kosafunika kumafunika. Pankhaniyi, chitsanzo chowala sichidzatha, ndipo pepala sichidzataya.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa mutagula
Ziribe kanthu momwe chomeracho chinkawonekera, kuziika ndi koyenera mu chidebe chatsopano chodzaza ndi nthaka yatsopano.
Kuchokera ku mizu ndizofunikira Chotsani chitseko chakale cha dziko lapansi ndikuyang'anitsitsa chomeracho.
Zowola pa tubers, ngati zilipo, zimadulidwa ndikuzisinthidwa ndi fungicide ndi zouma.
Malo owonongeka amatha kuwaza ndi makala. Pambuyo pake, pamene chomeracho chimalira, chichiike mu nthaka yatsopano.
Masamba owuma amachotsedwa. Chophimba chokhala ndi chomera chatsopano chimayikidwa pamalo ofunda ndi owala.
Kubzala, kudyetsa, kuika
Zipangizo zapakhomo zimatha kuikidwa chaka chilichonse kuyambira March mpaka May, wamkulu - zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu.
Kwa mitundu yayikulu kwambiri, mphika umayezedwa: miyala imayikidwa pansi. Pankhaniyi, kulemera kwa chomera sikungasinthe mphamvu.
Pa nthaka yotseguka, tubers yosungidwa imabzalidwa mu March.
Dziko lapansi likukonzekera chomera chomera, chisakanizo cha peat, tsamba, sod, chinawonjezera humus ndi mchenga.
Malo okongola a masamba. Popeza taro ndi yofunika kuthirira madzi okwanira, mphamvu yokhala ndi 1/3 yodzazidwa ndi madzi.
Mwezi uliwonse, feteleza zovuta zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kunthaka ngati chomera chiri pamtunda. Zilombo zowonjezera zimathandiza kuti madzi aziwonjezeranso kudya masabata awiri.
Mitundu yobereketsa
Ndikofunika kugwira ntchito ndi chomera mosamala mu magolovesi, onse akukonza kuti apange chida chakuthwa.
Tarokiya amachulukitsa m'njira zingapo kumayambiriro kwa masika: tubers, cuttings, kugawidwa kwa rhizomes.
Tubers
- Kuyika kwa chomera chachikulu chachikulu chikuphatikizidwa ndi ndondomeko yobereka;
- Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda timagawanika ndikubzala mu nthaka yatsopano;
- Kuti zomera ziyambe, zimapangitsa kuti iwo azitha kutentha, kuziphimba ndi filimuyo.
Rhizome
- chotsani nthaka ku rhizomes;
- Kugwiritsa ntchito chida chakuthwa;
- Impso yakukula iyenera kukhala pa gawo lirilonse losiyana;
- kudula mbali ya rhizome ndi mpeni, kuwaza ndi makala;
- chomera mu mphika pamalo otentha.
Mtundu wovuta kwambiri woswana ndi mbewu. Iwo amafesedwa mopanda kanthu mu nthaka yonyowa, nthawi zonse sprayed. Kutentha komwe kumafunika kumapezeka m'deralo la 22-24 ° C. Kusamba kumatha kutenga nthawi kuchokera masiku angapo mpaka masabata atatu.
Matenda ndi mavuto ena
Mthikiti wamatenda, scythe, aphid amawoneka ngati akuyang'anitsitsa mosayenera ndipo amatha kufa. Nkhupakupa imapangidwa ndi intaneti ya thinnest, ndipo tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kupezeka ndi kuthirira ndi ntchito zina ndi zomera. Pankhaniyi, chomera mwamsanga yokonzedwa ndi zinthu zapadera.
- Taro nthawi yomweyo imakhala ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi, kuyatsa kwambiri, kutentha kwakukulu.
- Pamene masamba akufota, muyenera kusintha madzi okwanira ndikusintha nthaka kuti mukhale ndi thanzi labwino.
- Masamba ataya kuwala - muyenera kuonetsetsa ngati chomeracho chili ndi kuwala kokwanira.
- Ngati nsonga za masamba zimasanduka bulauni, ndiye kuti kulibe chinyezi mu chipinda.
Taro ndi chisamaliro choyenera chidzakula mwakuya, chonde diso ndipo sichidzayambitsa mavuto. Chomera chokongola chokongola chabwino Zidzakhala mkatikati mwa nyumbayo, chiwembu chaumwini, chidzagogomezera kupanga kapangidwe ka wowonjezera kutentha kapena munda wachisanu.
