Nick Plum zosiyanasiyana sizinafalikire, koma chaka chilichonse zikuwonjezeka kutchuka chifukwa cha makhalidwe abwino a chipatso.
Zonsezi zingathe kudyetsedwa mwatsopano kapena kugwiritsa ntchito kupanga jams, kusunga, ndi madzi ndi zamkati.
Nick Plum: kufotokoza za zosiyanasiyana
Kwa Nick kalasi Kukula kwakukulu, komanso nthawi zina kukula kwa mitengo. Ndi zaka fifitini iwo akhoza kufika mamita anai mu msinkhu. Mtengo uli ndi mpweya waukulu wowonjezera korona wa pakati. Mtundu wa makungwa pa thunthu ukhoza kukhala wakuda imvi kapena wakuda.
Pakuti makungwa ndi khalidwe kuphulika kwakukulu ndi kukhalapo kwa sing'anga kapena amphamvu kwambiri. Kuswa kwa thunthu kumawonetsedwa mofooka kwambiri kapena ayi. Mtengo umapanga mphukira, zomwe akadakali wamng'ono akhoza kusintha mtundu wawo malinga ndi kuunika.
Dzuŵa, ali ndi mtundu wa bulauni, ndipo mumthunzi amakhala wobiriwira. Patangopita nthawi pang'ono, mphukira imakhala ndi mtundu wakuda. Mitengo yambiri ya chikasu imaoneka pa iwo, ndipo mphukira imawoneka mzere. Ichi ndi chikhalidwe cha makhalidwe osiyanasiyana a Nick.
Mbewu za masamba zimakhala zofanana ndi zazikulu kukula, ndipo masamba obala amakhala ochepa ndipo amawoneka ngati mazira.
Tsamba la tsamba limadziwika ndi mawonekedwe ovundukuka okhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira.. Maziko ake akhoza kukhala amawonekedwe ofanana kapena apanga mawonekedwe.
Kutalika kwa tsamba la tsamba nthawi zambiri kumakhala masentimita 6 mpaka khumi m'litali ndi masentimita anayi mpaka asanu m'lifupi.
Mphuno imakhala ndi chikopa. Kuchokera pamwamba, kuli kobiriwira, kosalala ndi kowala, ndipo kuchokera pansi pake kuli kofiira-kobiriwira komanso kumatulutsa m'mimba mitsempha.
Mphungu imasiyanitsidwa ndi m'mphepete mwawiri-toothed ndi mitsempha yoyenera.
Mtengo wa mtundu uwu, waung'ono wa petioles wokhala ndi zidutswa zing'onozing'ono zachitsulo ndi kusowa kwa stipules ndi maroon anthocyanin mtundu ndi khalidwe. Inflorescence nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi maluwa awiri, koma akhoza kukhala ndi maluwa amodzi kapena atatu.
Maluwa ndi ofiira kukula ndi kuyika mawonekedwe. Iwo amadziwika ndi mazati odulidwa ozungulira. Kutalika kwa stamens kumakhala mamililimita asanu mpaka asanu ndi awiri, ndipo pistil ndi ovary ndi khumi mpaka khumi ndi awiri millimeters.
Mitundu yachitsamba Nick amadziwika ndi zipatso zazikulu zoboola kwambiriomwe ali wolemera wolemera kuchokera pa makumi atatu mpaka makumi anayi, koma ndi zokolola zazing'ono zingakhale zochepa. Zipatso zimakhala zosagwirizana. pokhudzana ndi mimba ya m'mimba komanso pafupifupi kutaya kwathunthu kumbali.
Zipatso zili ndi nsonga, mkati mwake muli phokoso laling'ono, malo ovunda ndi ndodo yosaya. Msolo wa m'mimba uli ndi zofooka zochepa ndipo sizimasokoneza. Mu maonekedwe, zipatso za mitundu yosiyanasiyana Nika zimafanana ndi Hungary.
Poyambirira, chipatsocho chili ndi tsinde lobiriwira, lomwe likapsa limakhala lofiira ndi mdima wandiweyani wa buluu. Mnofu uli ndi mtundu wobiriwira, ndipo ukafika mokwanira umatembenukira ku Brownish chikasu..
Zipatso zimakhala zowonongeka, ndipo zikawonjezereka, zimakhala zofewa komanso zowutsa mudyo. Kwa iwo Khalidwe lokoma lokoma ndi kuchepa pang'ono ndi pang'ono tinge wa tartness. Malingana ndi kukula kwa zipatso, zipatso za Nika plum zosiyanasiyana zimakhala pa 4.3 mfundo. Zipatso zimasiyana ndi zipatso zautali zowonongeka ndi pang'onopang'ono fupa la ochepa ndi oval mawonekedwe.
Chithunzi
Zambiri zowonjezereka kuchokera ku "Nika" zingapezeke mu chithunzi chili pansipa:
Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana
Nick plum cultivar inalumikizidwa pamalo osungiramo zamasamba a Rossosh. Inalandiridwa ndi A.Ya. Voronchikhina mwa kudutsa mawonekedwe osakanizidwa. Mu 1994 izi zosiyanasiyana zinalowa mu bukhuli ndikuloledwa kulima ku Central Black Earth.
Masiku ano, imafalikira mwachilungamo ndipo imakula makamaka m'minda ya kumpoto kwa dera la Rostov, komanso kumwera kwa zigawo za Belgorod ndi Voronezh.
Zizindikiro
Mitengo ya maluwa Nika imachitika pakatikati. Kuperekedwa zosiyana ndizosabalaChoncho, ngati mvula ikuyenda mvula imathandiza kuti tizilombo tiziyenda, ndiye kuti nthawi yokolola ingakhale yopanda phindu.
Mitundu yoyenera kwambiri ya mungu yotchedwa Nika ingatchedwe: Oyambirira a Donetsk, Hungary, Renklod Soviet ndi Hungary Donetsk.
Mitengo yolima mitengo Nika mitundu ikuyamba m'chaka chachinai kapena chachisanu ndikukhala ndi skoroplodnostyu yabwino. Zipatso zikamera mu August. Zokolola zimakhala zapamwamba - mpaka makilogalamu makumi atatu ndi asanu a zipatso zingathe kukololedwa kuchokera ku mtengo umodzi, koma nthawi zina mbeuyo inali yachiwiri kuposa chiwerengero ichi.
Mitengo iyi imalimbikitsa nyengo yozizira, koma maluwa amakhala ofooka kwa chisanu kukana. Zotsatira za Nick odziwika bwino ndi transportability ndi bwino separability ya mwala kuchokera zamkati.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Pofuna kubzala mitengo ya Nika zosiyanasiyana, munthu ayenera kusankha nthaka yowuma, kumene madzi a pansi pamtunda sali oposa mamita awiri.
Nthawi yabwino yobzala ndikumapeto, koma ngati mutagula nkhuni mu kugwa, ndiye kuti mukufunikira prikopat ndikuphimba ndi nthambi zapaini, komanso nthawi yoyamba yozizira ikuphimba ndi chisanu.
Chipale chofewa chikasungunuka, mbande ziyenera kuyesedwa kuti zisawonongeke. Ndikofunikira kukumba mapepala asanakabzala.
Ndi bwino kukula ndi mafuta osiyanasiyana a Nike m'malo owala kwambiri ndi dzuwa, omwe amatetezedwa bwino ku mphepo yozizira. Mukhoza kubzala mitengo pakhomo, koma pambali pa dzuwa.
ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Ngati mitengo yayitali ikukula pawebusaiti yanu, m'pofunika kudzala plamu kumbali ya kumwera kuti asawononge mthunzi.
Maenje a kubzala maula akhoza kukonzekera m'dzinja kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika, pafupi masabata angapo. Kuzama kwa dzenje kuyenera kukhala kuyambira makumi anai mpaka asanu mpaka masentimita makumi asanu, ndipo kutalika kwake kuyenera kukhala kuyambira masentimita makumi asanu ndi limodzi mpaka makumi asanu ndi awiri. Kulemba ziboda zofunika pamtunda wa mamita atatu kuchokera mzake.
Dothi lombidwa kunja kwa dzenje liyenera kusakanizidwa ndi humus mu chiŵerengero cha 2: 1. Musanabzala, mkatikati mwa dzenje, nkofunika kuyendetsa khola ndi kumanga khola kuzungulira nthaka. Padziko lonse lapansi mungathe kugawaniza mizu yonseyo.
Kumbali ya kumpoto kwa msomali, muyenera kukhazikitsa mapulala, ndikudzaza dzenje kuti mubzalidwe ndi nthaka, nthawi zonse kugwedeza mmera kuti pasakhale mipata pakati pa mizu. Pamene dothi limathiridwa mkati, liyenera kutenthedwa ndi chithandizo cha manja. Onetsetsani kuti sapling ikuoneka bwino.
Mutabzala, pangani chozungulira pamtengo ndikuchichotsa pansi. Mtengo umodzi ukhoza kukhala ndi zidebe ziwiri kapena zitatu zokwanira za madzi. Pambuyo poyamwa madzi, nthaka iyenera kuwonetsedwa. Mbeu iyenera kumangirizidwa ku khola ndi chingwe chofewa.
Kusamalira mabala osiyanasiyana a nick si kosiyana kwambiri ndi kusamalira mitengo ina ya zipatso Chisamaliro chapadera chiyenera kulipidwa kwa chikondi chake cha chinyezi.
M'nyengo yozizira, m'pofunika kuthira madzi mu June ndi July. ndiyeno_mu masiku otsiriza a September.
Njira yabwino kwambiri ya ulimi wothirira ndi kuthirira pansi pazu, yochitidwa pogwiritsa ntchito wapadera ulimi wothirira.
Kwa kuthirira ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi akuwotcha ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa.
Mtengo wabwino kwambiri wa plums ndi magnesium.Choncho, musanayambe kubzala munda, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito phosphate feteleza.
Pafupifupi magalamu zana a superphosphate ndi potassium magnesia ayenera kuwonjezeredwa pansi pa mtengo uliwonse.
Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mungathe kulimbikitsa nthaka ndi feteleza feteleza. M'nyengo ya chilimwe, kutsekemera feteleza kwa mbalame kapena ndowe zimatuluka. Chovala choyamba chapamwamba chimaperekedwa nthawi yomweyo mtengo ukayamba kuphuka, ndipo patapita milungu iwiri kapena itatu chakudya china chimaperekedwa.
Mtengo ukafika zaka ziwiri kapena zitatu, mphukira zambiri zimawonekera, zomwe ziyenera kufupikitsidwa kuti zikhale zoyenera. Kukuwombera pa thunthu kuyenera kuchotsedwa mu dziko lobiriwira. Sitiyenera kuiwala za kuchotsedwa kwa mphukira. Ndikofunika kuti muzitsatira nthawiyi nthawi ya chilimwe.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Nick's plum zosiyanasiyana ali ndi mphamvu yotsutsa kwambiri matenda ambiri a fungal. Ngakhale monilioz, kapena polystigmoz, kapena klyasterosporioz mtengo uwu si woopsa.
Kuteteza chipatso Misampha yapadera ya pheromone ingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuchokera ku nkhono ya njenjetezomwe zidzakopera amuna a tizilomboti. Koma ngati tizilombo tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiwonekeratu m'zinthu zambiri, ndiye kuti njira yabwino kwambiri yothetsera vutoli ndi yopopera mankhwala ophera tizilombo.
Nthawi yoyamba iyenera kuchitika kumapeto kwa May, ndipo yotsirizira - osachepera mwezi usanafike nthawi yokolola. Pakati pa kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ayenera kukhala osachepera masabata awiri.
Mafuta osiyanasiyana Nick ali ndi ubwino wake ndi zovuta zina. Ubwino waukulu Izi zosiyanasiyana ndi zabwino chisanu kukana, zokolola zambiri komanso ogulitsa makhalidwe a chipatso. Chabwino, chabwino chimodzi cha zovuta zazikulu Zitha kutchedwa zokolola zosagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe mungathe kupirira ndi mungu wochokera pansi pa nthaka.
