Kwathu Mtengo wa Chile wa Araucaria ndi Argentina ndi gombe la Chile. Zisoti zimalimidwa monga chomera cha nyumba.
Mtengo ukhoza kupezeka m'minda ndi malo obiriwira a Russian Federation ndi Ukraine. Kawirikawiri amapezeka ku USA, Caledonia, Brazil, Australia.
Ndi mtengo waukulu. Akukula wamtali mamita oposa 60. Mzere wa korona ukhoza kufika mamita oposa theka ndi hafu. Amakonda nyengo yamvula yamvula.
Amamera pa nthaka yamchere yokhala ndi feteleza. Amalekerera chilala komanso chisanu.
Kusamala mutagula
Mutagula zosowa sambani fumbi pansi pa mpampu wa madzi.
Kukula kumayenera kusankha ngodya zabwino. popanda dzuwa lenileni.
Sangathe sankhani malo pafupi ndi Kutentha kwapakati kapena kutentha.
Arukarya ya ku Chile yawonongeka ndi kutentha kwambiri. Nthano zimakula bwino m'minda yamaluwa, kutsogolo kwa minda ndi mabuloni mumlengalenga.
Kuthirira
Kuthirira kumayenera kuchitidwa analekanitsa madzi kutentha. Wokhala m'nyumba amakonda kumwa kuthirira mobwerezabwereza pamene dothi limauma. Pine amakonda nthawi zonse kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kuchokera ku sprayer.
Maluwa
Mtengo uli dioecious wobiriwira. Ili ndi inflorescences ya amuna ndi akazi. Poyamba, zomera za monocotone nthawi zina zinakumanapo.
Koma patapita nthawi piniyo inasintha mtundu wawo.
Mavuto a akazi ndi okwera kwambiri. Amafanana ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira. Mbali ya cones imatha kusiyana pakati pa 5 ndi 30 cm. Zili ndi mbeu zabwino zokwanira kuchokera ku 70 mpaka 250 zidutswa.
Amuna a cones ali pamwamba pa mtengo. Mu kukula kwake, iwo ndi ang'onoang'ono kuposa ma cones aakazi. M'kati mwake sichimafika pa masentimita 12. Muyeso iwo ali opapatiza, opangidwira, ozungulira.
Mapangidwe a korona
Kupanga miyala ya Crohn pyramidal mawonekedwe, kwambiri. Nthambi za m'munsi zili pansi. Patapita nthawi mtengo umayamba "kuuma" ndipo zimayambira kugwa. Nthambi zowonjezera ziri muzitsulo. Amatha kukhala opatulidwa ndikugwada pansi.
Korona mu zomera zazikulu chophwa mu mawonekedwe a ambulera. Ili pamwamba pokha pa thunthu. Zimayambira ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono. Iwo ali ndi zomangamanga zofiira. Masamba akukonzedwa mwauzimu. Zomwe zimaphimba zimayambira.
Nthaka
Mtengo umafuna gawo lapansi mofanana osakaniza ndi peat, mchenga, nkhuni ndi masamba.
Kwa Araucaria wa ku Chile, dothi la coniferous liyenera kuwonjezedwa kunthaka. M'nthaka yotere, mtengo wa pine umazoloŵera, umakula ndikukula mofanana.
Kubzala ndi kuziika
Kubzala kapena kuika ziyenera kuchitidwa. March-April kapena June. Kupalasa kumafuna makope ambiri komanso oposa kwambiri. Kuwonjezera pa mitengo yotere, nthaka ili ndi mizu. Izi zimatheka chifukwa chakuti singano sizilepheretsa kulemba.
Kuti muyambe, muyenera kusankha mabanki aakulu. Miphika yaying'ono siidzalola kuti mtengowu ukhale bwino komanso mwakhama. Zitsanzo za anthu akuluakulu sizifalikira kawiri konse pachaka.
Mitengo yambiri imatha kukula zaka zoposa zisanu popanda kuthandizidwa ndi munthu.
Kuswana
Bzalani kuchuluka kubzala mbewu ndikudula cuttings. Pakuti Ankalumikiza kudula amphamvu mphukira. Amagawidwa m'magulu ang'onoang'ono osapitirira masentimita 15.
Pa mlingo uliwonse ayenera kukhala osachepera 15-20 nsapato zobiriwira. The cuttings obzalidwa nthaka lonyowa ndipo mosamala kuyang'ana nyengo kutentha.
Ndi bwino kukhala pansi pamtunda. Kuchetsa sikuyenera kupitirira masentimita awiri. Kubzala mbewu zomwe zimapangidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika. Mbewu zafesedwa mu nthaka yokonzedwa bwino. Pakatha miyezi itatu, mphukira zoyamba ziyenera kuonekera.
Kukula
Araucaria Chilean kumafuna chisamaliro choyenera. Chomeracho chimakonda zipinda zowala komanso zabwino kwambiri. Matanki amaloledwa kupita kumunda kapena kumalo. Musalole molunjika dzuwa.
Duwa limakonda mthunzi kwambiri. Amafuna kutentha pamwamba pa 12 ° C. Apo ayi, singano za duwa zimafota ndi kugwa.
Kutentha
Araucaria Chilean mopanda kukondwera m'nyumba. Chomera kwenikweni amafunikira mpweya wabwino. Chozizira kwambiri kutentha sayenera kugwa pansi pa 10 ° C. Koma sayenera kupitirira 15 ° С.
Mu kasupe, zomera zimakhala bwino pa kutentha kwa 19 ° C. Nyemba sizilekerera kutentha pamwamba pa 22 ° C. Muyenera kupeŵa kutulukira dzuwa.
Mtengo umakonda kuwala kosavuta. Kukhalapo kwa kuunikira ayenera kukhala kuchokera kumbali ziwiri. Ngati mtengo sukukula mu wowonjezera kutentha, mtengo wa pine umatembenuzidwa sabata iliyonse ndi 90 °.
Zomera zopatsa
Mbeu zamasamba zingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuphika. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito yokazinga ndi yaiwisi.
Nkhumba za Pine Anthu a ku Amerika omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mu mankhwala kuthetsa matenda ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Wood siidutsa chinyezi ndipo ndi zinthu zabwino. Zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zomangamanga nyumba. Chomeracho chimatsuka bwino.
Dzina la sayansi
Dzina lachilatini Araucaria wa ku Chile - "Araucaria araucana". Kwa anthu wamba zomera zimatchedwa singano za Chile. Dzinali limachokera kwa Amwenye omwe amapita Mapuche, omwe amakhala m'madera ozungulira "Araucano".
Amwenye adatcha mtengo "Pehuen". Pine anali chomera chopatulika. Chifukwa chake, anthu adadzitcha "Pehuenches" - "anthu opatulika."
Chithunzi
Araucaria wa Chi Chile: chithunzi cha singano zachilendo kwa ife.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Araucaria wa Chi Chile amakhudzidwa nsabwe za m'masamba. Sopo zothetsera ndizoyenera kuti zisawonongeke. Sapulogalamu 300 ya sopo imachepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi ozizira. Chotsatiracho chimasakanizidwa ndi singano zapaini mpaka tizilombo tatha.
Pini ingakhudzidwe mealybug. Pofuna kuthetsa izo, nkofunika kupopera mbewuyo ndi Vertimec, Tsvetofos kapena Fitoverm ndi masiku asanu ndi awiri kufikira tizilombo tatha.
Araucaria Chilean amakonda kawirikawiri kuthirira madzi okwanira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa. Zimayankha bwino kuvala pamwamba. Amafalikira ndi mbewu ndi magawano a tubers. Mbeu zamasamba zingagwiritsidwe ntchito pophika. Mtengowu ndi wobiriwira wobiriwira.
Ndipo apa mukhoza kuyang'ana kanema pa chomera chodabwitsa cha coniferous.
