Mwa mitundu mazana asanu ya basamine yomwe ikukula kumadera otentha a Asia ndi Africa, khumi ndi zisanu zokha zokha zinapanga mitundu yambiri yobiriwira, masamba obiriwira ndi "magetsi a maluwa" okongola omwe amakongoletsera, mabala a chilimwe ndi mabedi a maluwa kumalo ozizira.
Mitundu yambiri yokongoletsera, yomwe imagawanika ngati ya rosa, yamera ngati yamera komanso yamalave.
Pali pakati pawo mitundu yodabwitsa ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imakhala yoyera, yofiira, yachikasu, yalanje, yofiira. Zitsamba zazing'ono zopangidwa ndi nthambi zazing'ono zapangidwa, zomwe nyengo yamaluwa zimapereka maonekedwe a bouquets okhala mizu.
Zonse zabwinozikuluzikuluzikuluzikulu za obereketsa zimafuna kuti pakatikati pakhomo pakhale malo ogwira ntchito m'zipinda zotentha, nthawi yachisanu ndi yozizira.
Mavitamini a terry angakule bwino mu chikhalidwe cha chipinda. Yankho la funso - "Kodi mungapange bwanji chipinda cha terori Balsamu?" Mungapeze pansipa.
Kusamalira kwanu
Kuwunika
Zinthu zabwino - zowala, zomwe zimawoneka bwino - zimapereka mawindo akummawa kapena kumadzulo.
South Malo opita ku dzuŵa ndi owopsa chifukwa cha kutentha kwa dzuwa - m'chilimwe, kutentha kwa masana, mudzafunika kumeta.
Kumpoto maphwando sungapange kuwala kokwanira, makamaka m'nyengo yachisanu ndi yozizira, ndipo zimayambira, masambawo adzatumbululuka, ndipo maluwa adzasiya.
Kuloledwa kaŵirikaŵiri sikuli koyenera.
Kutentha
Kutentha kwakukulu m'chilimwe - madigiri 20-22, m'nyengo yozizira - osachepera madigiri 15. Mtengo uwu + 15ºsi - ovuta: Pa kutentha kwapafupi, maluwa amawoneka akufooka ndipo masamba amayamba kugwa.
Ground
Kusakaniza kwa nthaka kuyenera kukhala kuwala, kukhuthala, mokwanira chopatsa thanzi, pang'ono asidi. Oyenera, mwachitsanzo, nyimbo zoterezi:
magawo awiri a nthaka yowopsya, gawo limodzi la peat ndi mchenga wofanana;
nkhuku, tsamba, peat, humus ndi mchenga, zomwe zimatengedwa mofanana.
Tikufika
Popeza mafuta a basamu amafunika kuthirira mobwerezabwereza, koma amavutika mukakumana ndi madzi, chidebe chobzala chiyenera kukhala nacho dzenje lakuda, ndipo pansi pake muyenera kuyika ndi wosanjikiza kapena miyala yochepa.
Gawo lina la nthaka likuphatikizidwa pamwamba pa chingwechi ndipo mizu ilipo - koposa zonse, pansi pa chitetezo cha earthy coma.
Ndiye kwa mlingo woyenera, popanda kuwonjezera khosi la mizu, mudzaze ndi kuzimitsa nthaka yonse.
Kubzala pamalo otseguka
M'nyengo yotentha, balsam ya terry imakula bwino mu mpweya wabwino, kutchire, ndizabwino kuti imakula ndipo imafalitsidwa ndi cholinga chenicheni cha kukongoletsa mabedi a chilimwe ndi rabatki ndi khasu lopitirizabe, lomwe likukula kwambiri "magetsi".
Njira yolima iyi ili yakeyake zenizeni.
Mafuta a basamini, amawongolera miphika ndikupita m'chipinda, mutatha nthawi yozizira, nyengo yozizira kwambiri m'nyumba zowonjezera komanso zotentha.
Mitengo yachinyamata imasintha mosavuta kusintha, kotero mu August, cuttings amadulidwa kuchokera zomera kudyetsa pa flowerbeds, rooting iwo m'nyumba ndikusiya mbewuyi kuti hibernate.
Mu kasupe, amafesedwa pamalo otseguka, kapena amagwiritsanso ntchito kudula cuttings - ndi rooting ndipo kenako kubzala pa webusaiti.
Kuwaza
Achinyamata zomera zam'mothi zimasowa chaka, pamaso maluwa, masika kuika Nthawi zina, ndi kukula kwakukulu, muyenera kubzala mobwerezabwereza - ndipo izi muyenera kusankha nthawi yopuma.
Akuluakulu Balsamines amaikidwa kamodzi pa zaka ziwiri.
Ndili ndi zaka zokongoletsa osatha zomera yafupika ndi awo zosintha mwina mwa kukongoletsa kapena kuchotsa achinyamata achinyamata zakula kuchokera ku cuttings.
Ngati chidebecho ndi chachikulu kwambiri, mphamvu zazikulu za basamu zimapita ku chitukuko cha mizu ndi chitukuko cha dothi, osati kuti chiphuphu.
Choncho matanki atsopanokaya ndizokonzedweratu zopangira nyumba kapena "kusamukira" kwa chithunzi chomwe mwapeza pambuyo pa kusintha, sayenera kukhala ochuluka kwambiri kuposa kale m'mimba mwake - osaposa 2 cm
Kuthirira
Nthaka imakhala nthawi zonse mchere wambiri (koma osati wambiri komanso wothira).
Madzi zofewa, madzi okonzeka bwino kutentha kutentha, makamaka pamphepete mwa mphika, makamaka kutetezera khosi kumtundu.
Madzi akuthamanga atatha kuthirira mu poto, nthawi yomweyo amatsanulidwa.
Chinyezi ndi mpweya watsopano
Ngati chomeracho chimasungidwa kutentha Madigiri 20 ndi pamwambazedi kupopera mankhwala nthawi zonse; Pankhaniyi, mankhwalawa sayenera kugwera pamaluwa.
M'chilimwe, zofunika kwambiri kunja "zogona", pa khonde, motetezedwa ku dzuwa lamdima.
Kupaka pamwamba
Kuyambira pa March mpaka September-Oktoba, kudyetsa sabata mlungu ndi mlungu kumachitika ndi zovuta feteleza ndi kukhalapo. potaziyamu ndi phosphorous - ziwalo zofunika kuti maluwa azimera.
Kuchuluka kwa mankhwala a nayitrogenous, "kudyetsa" kokha wobiriwira, sikuyenera kukhala. Komabe, chakudya sichingakhale chokwanira.
Kukula ndi kudulira
Balsamines amadziwika ndi kukula kwa mitengo, kuphatikizapo kufotokozera mbali ya kumunsi kwa zimayambira.
Kulimbikitsa nthambi ndi kuchepetsa kutayika kwa zokongoletsera, kumapeto kubereka kudulirapamene panthawi yomweyo akufupikitsa zimayambira zomwe zinatambasuka m'nyengo yozizira ndikuchotsa mphukira zofooka. Mbewu zazing'ono zimatseni pambuyo pa awiri (rosettes) masamba.
Kuswana
Kubalana ndi cuttings
Spring apical cuttings, 7-10 masentimita yaitali, bwino mizu, ndi 2-3 internodes.
Masamba otsika amachotsedwa.
Mukhoza kuyambitsa mabulosi m'madzi, kapena mwamsanga muwaike pamtunda wouma wosakaniza, chophimba ndi pulasitiki, kusunga chinyezi, mpweya ndikukhala pamalo ozizira kutentha kwa madigiri 17.
Patangopita milungu iwiri, tizidulidwe timayamba kukula, ndipo patadutsa miyezi 2-3 timakonzeka kuphuka.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mavuto abwino kwambiri a ndende - njira yabwino yopewera Matenda a "magetsi".
Zolinga za chisamaliro, makamaka zokhudzana ndi kuphwanya ulamuliro wa chinyezi, zimayambitsa chitukuko cha matenda a fungal ndi njira zowonongeka.
Grey kuvunda - matenda a fungal okhudza balsamu mu nthawi ya chinyezi. Masamba owonongeka ndi mbali za zimayambira ayenera kuchotsedwa, kuti athetse chinyezi chokhazikika ndi kuchiza mbewu ndi fungicides.
Ngati nthawi zambiri chinyezi m'nthaka chikuphatikizidwa ndi kutentha kotsika (kotentha kwambiri kapenanso madzi okwanira), n'zotheka mapesi ovunda ndi mizu.
Pankhaniyi, mukufunikira Chotsani malo okhudzidwa ndi kukonza mwamsanga kuthirira ndi kutentha.
Pankhani ya kutalika, munthu ayenera kusankha cuttings wathanzi kuti abereke, kubzala ndi kuwasunga bwino; kuchotsa chomera chonse ndi nthaka, komanso kusamba bwino mphika.
Matenda a basamali wambiri - akangaude, whitefly ndi aphid.
Monga mwadzidzidzi, gwiritsani ntchito chithandizo cha malo okhudzidwa ndi madzi a sopo, kusamba kotentha.
Komabe, tizilombo tizitha kuthetsa tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Magetsi okongola kwambiri a terry balsamic "kuwala" amapangidwa ndi cuttings.
Izi zimalola, ngakhale kusunga chiwerengero chachikulu chachimake ndi mtundu wambiri wa mtundu wawo, zimakonzanso zitsanzo zakale m'chipinda cha chikhalidwe ndikukongoletsa bwino chilimwe malo otseguka.
Chithunzi
Kenako mudzawona chithunzi cha Terry Balsamine:
Zida zothandiza
- M'munsimu muli mndandanda wa nkhani zomwe zingakhale zosangalatsa kwa inu:
- Mitundu ya Basamu:
- Balsam Waller
- Balsamu Camellia
- Balsam Novogvineysky
- Balsamu Wamaluwa
- Kusamalira Balsamine:
- Matenda ndi tizirombo Balsamu
- Kubereka Basamu
- Balsamu Maluwa
- Balsamu yoyenda bwino
