Hoya ndi mmodzi mwa okondedwa kwambiri ndi zomera zambiri zapakhomo chifukwa cha maluwa okongola, kudzichepetsa komanso kumasuka kwa kubereka. Mu chilengedwe, hoya imapezeka ku Australia, pa Pacific Islands ndi South China, kumene imakula pakati pa mitengo, pogwiritsa ntchito zitsanzo zochepa zothandizira. Dzina la chomeracho chimachokera ku dzina lachidziwitso chachinyama cha Chingerezi, Thomas Hoy, amene anachibzala m'mabotolo.
Akatswiri a sayansi ya zamoyo amakhulupirira kuti khansa ya hoya ili ndi phindu pamlengalenga, imayeretsa mpweya wochokera ku mitundu yonse yoipitsa.
Makhalidwe ndi ndondomeko
Ndiwo mpesa wobiriwira wobiriwira. Amadziwika kuti hoya nyama kapena sera za ivy.
Mizu
Mizu ya Creeper kukula, kukula mofulumira, kudzaza mphika wonse, ndi hoya imayamba kuphuka pokhapokha mphika umakhala ndi mizu.
Tsinde
Mphuno, ndi mphukira zambiri. Kutalika kwake kumatha kufika mamita 10.
Masamba
Nyama, zovuta, zinkasonyeza. Mdima wakuda, mpaka masentimita 8 m'litali.
Maluwa ndi pachimake
Hoya imamasula kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa June ndipo limamasula kwambiri mpaka kumapeto kwa July, ndiye amayambanso kuyenda maluwa mu autumn, mu September. Maluwawo ndi ofanana ndi nyenyezi ndipo amakhala ndi makala asanu. Iwo ndi sera, amasonkhanitsidwa mu maambulera obiriwira. Zojambulajambula ndi zosiyana: zoyera, pinki, zofiira. Pali masentimita awiri.
Fungo
Maluwa amachotsa uchi wodabwitsa kwambiri kununkhiza.
Chiwerengero cha kukula
Akukula mpaka masentimita 45 pachaka.
Lifespan
Ichi ndi chomera chosatha, amakhala mu chipinda kwa nthawi yaitali, mpaka zaka 10-15.
Kusamalira kwanu
Hoya mosavuta kusamalira zomera.
Tikufika
Anabzala mu miphika yaing'ono ndi dzenje labwino komanso lovomerezeka. Popeza uwu ndi mpesa, umene nthawi zambiri umakula monga chomera chamtengo wapatali pansi pa malo amkati, bwino kugwiritsa ntchito miphika yopachikidwa.
Thirani mutatha kugula
Pambuyo pogulira chomeracho, chimakhala nthawi yayake mu mphika, kenako imayikidwa mu maluwa, koma sichiyenera kukhala yaikulu kuposa mphika, hoya imamera kwambiri muzitsulo zolimba.
Kenako anaikidwa kamodzi Zaka 2-3 mu April. Chomera ichi sichingakhoze kubzalidwa kawirikawiri, chifukwa ngakhale kupatula mosamala kwambiri kumayamba kuvulaza.
Ground
Maziko a hoi kusakanizidwa ndi nthaka yofiira, kumene onjezerani nkhuni ndi humus mu chiŵerengero cha 3: 2: 2, komanso osakaniza ndi mchenga wambiri. Ndibwino kuwonjezera dothi la orchids kapena sphagnum moss ndi makungwa a mitengo. Pamtengo wopangidwa bwino kwambiri wa mitengo ya kanjedza.
Kuthirira
M'chilimwe, mbewu imathiriridwa mochulukirapo, koma pambuyo pokhapokha mvula imatha.
M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kwambiri kunachepetsedwa. Manyowa amalekerera mosavuta kuposa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Popeza chomera chimachokera ku mayiko ndi nyengo yamvula, imakhalanso ndi mvula yambiri panyumba.
Kuunikira
Kunyumba, hoya imamera m'nkhalango zotsika bwino, choncho, panyumbayi imayikidwa kumwera kwawindo-sill, koma mvula imakhala yofunikira kumthunzi. Kuperewera kwa mitundu kumakhudza maluwa, hoya ikhoza kutaya mphukira, kapena ngakhale osayimba konse.
Kutentha kwa kutentha
M'chilimwe, hoyu imakhala yosangalatsa ndi momwe chimakhalira chipinda cha nthawi ino. M'nyengo yozizira, zimathandiza kuchepetsa kutentha kwa madigiri 15.
Feteleza
Hoya sakukondanso zakudya zambiri. Dyetsani liana panthawi ya maluwa, kamodzi pa masabata atatu ndi mchere feteleza ndi nthawi zingapo panthawiyi ndi organic feteleza.
Kuswana
Hoyu kawirikawiri imafalitsidwa apical cuttings omwe adadulidwa ku 10-15 masentimita m'litali, panthawi yomweyi ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti ali ndi masamba angapo. Momwemo amachokera mu peat yonyowa wothira mchenga. Kutentha kumatentha, mofulumira kutuluka kwa mizu. Mungagwiritse ntchito komanso kuyambitsa ntchito yopangira.
Hoya imatulutsa mpweya ndi masamba omwe ali ndi axillary masamba, omwe amafesedwa pa peat osakaniza ndikuyika pamalo otentha.
Kudulira
Hoya salola kudulira, ndi bwino kuti musachotse ngakhale mapesi akale a maluwa, chifukwa maluwa adzakolola. Choncho, chotsani masamba okhazikika.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Njira zolimbana ndi mankhwala
Mphesa yamphesa ingakhudzidwe. zowawa zosiyanasiyana. Pachifukwa ichi, masambawa amachotsedwa ndi nsalu yonyowa pokhala ndi mankhwala ndi Bordeaux madzi. Pofuna kupewa matenda oterowo, hoyu iyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zambiri pamsamba.
Mukamwetsa masamba ambiri, akhoza kutembenukira chikasu, ndipo pamwamba pa nthaka mukhoza kubzala nkhungu, pomwe mizu imayamba kuvunda. Mawanga a mdima pa masamba angakhale chifukwa cha kutentha kwa dzuwa.
Mwa tizilombo to hoy, tizilombo tambiri ndi tizilombo ndizoopsa kwambiri. Nthawi zambiri sagwiritsa ntchito zomera zomwe zimatsuka nthawi zonse mumsamba. Koma ngati izi zitachitika, ndiye kuti mpesa uyenera kuchitidwa ndi tizilombo.
- Pambuyo pa maonekedwe a masamba, duwa silingathe kutembenuzidwa, limatha kutaya masamba ndipo osati pachimake;
- hoya silingalole zojambula;
- duwa likhoza kukula ngati chomera chamtengo wapatali, ndipo idakhazikika mu mphika pa chithandizo chokhala ngati chingwe;
- M'chaka, hoya yomwe ili m'phika imathandiza kuika mu beseni ndi madzi otentha ndikuisiya kwa maola angapo kuti chovalacho chilowe mumtsinje;
- m'nyengo yozizira, hoya iyenera kuikidwa momwe ingathere kuchokera ku mabatire komanso kuwala kowala kwambiri.
Nawa malangizi othandizira hoya:
Chithunzi
Kenaka mungathe kuona chithunzi pakhomo pa Hoey Karnoza minofu yamtengo wapatali:
