Kukongola kodabwitsa kwa maluwa a Rhododendron Schlippenbach: chithunzi ndi kukula kuchokera ku mbewu

Cha m'ma 1800, Alexander Egorovich Shlippenbach, yemwe anali msilikali wa panyanja, anayenda pamtunda m'mbali mwa nyanja ya Puerto Peninsula m'ngalawa yotchedwa "Pallas" ndipo anaona chitsamba chokongola kwambiri chodzaza ndi maluwa akuluakulu a pinki. Lero limatchedwa Rhododendron Schlippbach kapena royal azalea.

Makhalidwe ndi ndondomeko

Maluwa okongola kwambiri amatha kupirira ozizira, osati kuwopa ngakhale madigiri 30 a chisanu. M'chilengedwe, pamapiri otsetsereka a m'mapiri ndi m'nkhalango zakum'maŵa kwa Far East, amakula kufika mamita 4, ndipo sakhala oposa 1.5 mamita mu chikhalidwe.

Chithunzi

Mizu ya mizu

Iye ali ku azalea mopanda phinduChoncho, n'zosatheka kusankha "ochita mpikisano" kuti azitha kudya zakudya zokhazokha m'deralo, omwe mizu yawo imakhala yochepa.

Wokondedwa kwambiri kwa iye - zomera ndi taproot. Mwachitsanzo, pine, spruce, ndi zipatso - peyala, kufalitsa mtengo wa apulo, chitumbuwa.

Trunk ndi masamba

Mphukira yochuluka ya mitundu iyi ili ndi makungwa a imvi, ndipo anawo ndi a brownish.

Mitengo yaitali (mpaka 10 masentimita) masamba amamatira ndi owala omwe amawonekera bwino pamapeto a mphukira. Mu kugwa, iwo amakhala ofiira achikasu, ndipo mu October azaza akuuluka.

Maluwa

Pa chitsamba china pangakhale chikwi! Iwo amamera mu April-May pang'onopang'ono kusiyana ndi masamba kapena pamodzi ndi iwo ndikuphimba chomeracho ndi kapu ya pinki (nthawi zina yoyera) thovu. Maluwawo ndi aakulu, pinki imatuluka m'magazi ofiirira - agwiritseni masiku 10-14 ndikukoma kwambiri.

Kodi mungasamalire bwanji?

Tikufika

Nthawi yabwino yobzala - kuyamba kwa kasupe, koma mukhoza kubzala kumayambiriro kwa autumn. Kuti rhododendron ikule bwino, iyenera kutetezedwa ku mphepo ndi khoma kapena mpanda - mbali ya kumpoto idzachita. Azalea amakonda mthunzi wouluka - mu malo a dzuwa simungakhoze kuyembekezera maluwa.

Ground

Chomera ichi chikufunika nthaka yosakanizidwa bwino (pH 3.0-5.0). Gombe lodzala (kuya 50, m'lifupi 60 masentimita) lidzaza ndi chisakanizo cha pamwamba-moor peat (magawo atatu) ndi kuvunda kompositi lapansi (gawo limodzi), ndipo feteleza wa zaka 2-3 akhoza kutenga mmalo mwake. Ngati nthaka ndi dongo, yikani mchenga. Mukamabzala mizu, yongolani manja ndikuzaza nthaka osati yoposa mizu ya mizu. Top - wosanjikiza wa wosweka pine makungwa kapena utuchi kuchokera coniferous mitengo.

Kuthirira ndi chinyezi

Rhododendron amakonda chinyezi. Kuwumitsa kwathunthu nthaka kumakhala kowononga. Pa masiku otenthedwa komanso nthawi yambiri yamvula, amafunikira madzi okwanira nthawi zonse. Njira yabwino ndiyo madzi amvula.. Kuthamanga ndi koyenera, koma poyamba yang'anani kuuma kwake (mwachitsanzo, pogwiritsa ntchito sopo - ngati bwino kutsukidwa, kumatanthauza madzi ndi ofewa). Madzi ovuta amatha kuchepetsedwa mwa kuthira citric asidi muyeso wa 3-4 ml pa 10 malita.

Madzi ochokera pamphepete si oyenera kuthirira - ali ndi chlorine ndi laimu, zomwe azalea salola.

Pa masiku otentha, azalea akuyenera kukhala humidified. Iyenera nthawi zambiri kupopedwa ndi madzi ozizira.

Feteleza

Ndikoyenera kudyetsa Shlippenbach katatu pa nyengo: isanakwane maluwa, pambuyo pake, ndipo madzulo.

Pazigawo ziwiri zoyambirira zoyenera kudya mwina feteleza wapadera kwa rhododendrons (ziyenera kutengedwa pa 20-30 g pa chitsamba), kapena kemira ngolo (2-3 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre). Kwa izi, ndi bwino kuwonjezera magalamu 5-10 a feteleza iliyonse, mwachitsanzo, urea.
Kuvala pamwamba pakumapeto ndi kosiyana. Nayitrogeni sichifunikanso, ndipo mukusowa 30 g wa superphosphate + 15 g wa potaziyamu sulfate pa chitsamba. Mukhoza kuwonjezera ndi fetereza yovuta kwambiri. Izi zidzateteza kukula kwa mphukira, zomwe sizikufunikira pa kugwa, ndipo zimalimbikitsa nkhuni.
Kawiri pachaka - kumapeto kwa nyengo (pamene chisanu chimasungunuka) ndipo kumapeto kwa chilimwe muyenera kuwaza nthaka pansi pa rhododendron wandiweyani wosanjikiza (mpaka 10 cm) wa conifer utuchi. Kuwongolera koteroko sikulola dziko lapansi kuti liume, ndi namsongole kuti akule. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo komanso chofunika cha acidity cha nthaka chidzathandizira.

Mavuto otentha

Zosangalatsa kwambiri ndi izi: m'chilimwe + 18-24ºє, m'nyengo yozizira mpaka - 20ºС, ngakhale kuti Schlippenbach rhododendron ndi yozizira-yolimba, imatha kupirira kuzizira kwambiri. Zimamusokoneza.

Maluwa

Kukonzekera chitsamba kwa maluwa - kudyetsa izo m'chaka, monga tatchulidwa pamwambapa.

Pakati pa maluwa, kuti mutalike, mutenge maluwa ophwanyika. Wowonjezera kunja, patapita nthawi chitsamba chidzaphuka. Ngati nyengo ili yotentha-madzi ndi kuipopera.

Mukamapopera mankhwala, musakhudze maluwa ndi masamba, mwinamwake iwo amatha kufota kapena kuyamba kuvunda.

Pambuyo maluwa, imadyetsedwa kachiwiri, chifukwa Panthawi imeneyi, maluwa amaikidwa pa nyengo yotsatira.

Kodi ndikufunika kuchepetsa?

Pambuyo maluwa, yaitali motalika nthambi ndi zofooka masamba zimachotsedwa, kupanga korona wokongola. Pakati pa chilimwe ndi autumn, chitsamba chidzaponyera mphukira zatsopano.

Asanafike m'nyengo yozizira, amafunika kudulidwa, ndipo chaka chamawa chikhochichi chidzaphulika kwambiri.

Kuwaza

Ngati rhododendron imayenera kuikidwa, ingathe kupitsidwanso nthawi iliyonse, kupatula nthawi ya maluwa komanso nthawi yachisanu.

Mizu ya Azalea ndi yaying'ono - ndi yosavuta kukumba. Yesani kuswa pansi bedi, chifukwa Mizu ndi yovuta kwambiri.

Njira zoberekera

Kukula kuchokera ku mbewu

Ndi bwino kugula mbewu muzale kapena agrocomplex.
Mukhoza kuwasungira kwa zaka 4 mu chidebe chosindikizidwa pamalo ozizira, ndiye kuti sasiya kumera.
Bzalani mbewu m'nyengo yozizira (December-February).
Nthaka ikhoza kupezeka mu sitolo ndi kuwonjezera pa iyo gawo limodzi la singano la pine losweka. Ngati mulibe singano, mukhoza kuikapo ndi high-moor peat (ikugulitsanso). Nthakayi ndi yovuta, imadutsa mpweya ndi chinyezi, acidity yake ndi pH 3.5 - 4.5.
Ikani madzi pansi pa mbale, kenako nthaka - iyenera kukhala yothira pang'ono.. Bzalani nyembazo ndikuziwombera m'nthaka, ziphimbe ndi zojambulazo ndikuziyika kumene kuli kutentha, kuwala ndi mvula. M'nyengo yozizira, mbewu zimasowa kuwala - tsiku lowala liyenera kukhala maola 16.
Kutentha kwa kumera + 18-24ºє.
Mphukira yoyamba ikhoza kumapita sabata, koma nthawizina akudikira mwezi kapena utali. Mbeu ikadzuka, filimuyo imachotsedwa ndikuika mbale pamalo ozizira (mwachitsanzo, pafupi ndi galasi lawindo).
Kuthirira kumasowa zambiri, koma nthawi zambiri.
Pamene masamba oyambirira akupita - kukulitsa mbande kukhala miphika yosiyana.

Kubalana ndi cuttings

Azalea atatha, mphukira imachotsedwa ku chitsamba kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi.

Akanikeni pamtunda wosasunthika, mumtundu wambiri wa rhododendrons, kuphimba ndi zojambulazo kapena thumba ndi kumwa madzi.

Pambuyo pa miyezi 1.5, zidutswazo zimayamba mizu, kenako zimatha kukhala padera.

Zima

Kukonzekera kwa m'dzinja

Ngati autumn yuma, azaleas amafunika kuthirira bwino. - chitsamba chilichonse 10-12 malita a madzi, chidzafunika chomera m'nyengo yozizira. Musaiwale za kuvala pamwamba ndi kudulira, monga tanenera poyamba.

Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira

Momwemo, mtundu uwu ukhoza kutha nyengo popanda pogona, koma matalala aakulu angakhudze mtsogolo maluwa, chifukwa Maluwa akudula amawonongeka, ndipo mphukira zapachaka kumapeto kwa chisanu. Chifukwa chake, ndi bwino kuphimba Rhododendron Slippenbach m'nyengo yozizira.

Pomwe kumayambiriro kwa frosts (pakatikati, zingatheke kumapeto kwa August), Vundikani chitsamba ndi kumangirira ndi kumangiriza pamwamba kuti musayese mphepo.

Ngati chitsamba chikung'ambika, choyamba chitengeni, musonkhanitse nthambi mu mulu ndi kumanga mtembo kapena chipinda pamwamba pake, ndiyeno muponyeni matumba kapena kuwala kutrasil pamwamba.

Pakati pa nthambi zachisanu, mungathe kumanga nthambi zapiritsi kapena zapine - m'chaka chidzateteza chitsamba "chopanda tulo" kutentha kwa dzuwa.

Iyo itagwa mu April, sankhani tsiku lamitambo ndikuchotsa malo ogona, ndipo muzisiye nthambi zazingwe mkati mwa masiku atatu. Dzuwa likhoza kuwotcha mphukira zazing'ono, ndipo zimatembenuza bulauni - zimatengera nthawi kuti ziziwoneka bwino.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mphukira yotseguka pansi nthawi zambiri imachokera ku tizirombo.

Nkhono ndi slugs amakonda kudya masamba ofewa ofewa a zomera.

Chochita: ayang'anitse chitsamba, mwachangu asonkhanitse onse "gulu", ndi kuti apitirize kubwezeretsa chilakolako chawo, kukonza chitsamba ndi 8 peresenti yankho la fungicide. Thiram ndi TMDM ndizoyenera.

Nkhumba zamatenda, ziboliboli, ziphuphu zamtundu. Nkhupaku zimatentha kwambiri ndi chinyezi chochepa, zimakhala zosavuta kuti zisawonongeke mwa kupopera mbewu nthawi zonse kusiyana ndi kuchiza mbewu.

Chochita: Mukhoza kuchotsa mitundu yonse itatu ya tizirombo pochiza azalea ndi tizilombo ta diazinon. Ngati rhododendron inadulidwa ndi zida zowononga, ndiye kuti padzakhala koyenera kuthira madzi mankhwalawa osati kuthengo, komanso pa nthaka pansi pake.

Mealybugs, tizilombo ting'onoting'ono, ntchentche zam'madzi.

Chochita: kuwononga Karbofos.

Matenda a fungal: dzimbiri, kuwona - kumayambitsa chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa mizu ya mizu.

Chochita: kumasula nthaka, kuchitira rhododendron ndi kukonzekera komwe kuli ndi mkuwa sulphate (mwachitsanzo, Bordeaux osakaniza).

Chlorosis - vuto lalikulu kawirikawiri: masamba a Schlippenbach amatembenukira chikasu. Chifukwa: kusowa chitsulo ndi manganese.

Zomwe mungachite: onetsetsani kuti acidity ya nthaka, ngati ili yochepa - yatsogolera ku chizoloŵezi. Dyetsani chomera chovuta feteleza.

Shlippenbach rhododendron ikhoza kuvutika chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa chinyezi, chisokonezo feteleza, kusowa kwa nthaka acidity, kuyanika kwa nyengo yozizira, zotentha zomwe zimaperekedwa mu kasupe dzuwa. Zonsezi zikhoza kupewedwa ngati mutasamalira bwino mbewu, muzitha kudulira nthawi, kuwotcha masamba odwala, kutsanulira chitsamba ndi fungicides, kuthetsa tizirombo.

Ngati mumapanga zikhalidwe za royal azaleas zomwe ziri pafupi ndi zachilengedwe, ndithudi adzayankha ku chisamaliro ndi chidwi ndikukupatsani kukongola kosayerekezeka kumene kamodzi kotsegukira kwa Salimppenbach yemwe anali nyanja ya Russia.