Wogulitsa m'munda aliyense amene amalima mabulosi pa chiwembu chake amadziwa kuchuluka kwa ntchito zofunika kuisamalira. Poterepa, mutha kulabadira zazomera za San Andreas.
Mbiri Yachidule ya Mitundu Yosiyanasiyana ya San Andreas Strawberry
Strawberry San Andreas adapangidwa ndi obereketsa ku California mu 2002 kutengera mitundu yotchuka ya Albion. Wamaluwa akunena kuti San Andreas ndi mtundu wabwino wa "m'bale wake wamkulu". Izi sitiroberi zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira 2009.
Makhalidwe wamba
Masamba a San Andreas ndi amtundu wakakonzedwe (kamatha kutulutsa ndi kubereka zipatso kangapo pamnyengo, nthawi zambiri 3-4). Mtengowo umapanga chitsamba cholimba chaching'ono ndi mizu yamphamvu ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono obiriwira. Ma Peduncle nthawi zambiri samapitirira 10. Maphunziro a masharubu ndi ofooka. Pa kutentha kwambiri, kubala zipatso kumayimitsidwa.
Zipatso za mawonekedwe a conical, ozunguliridwa kumapeto, ofiira owala, owala, omwe ali ndi nthanga zowuma. Kuguza ndi lalanje-lalanje, nkovuta. Kulemera kwa zipatso ndi 20-30 g, toyesa wina aliyense akhoza kufikira 50 g.
Strawberry San Andreas ali ndi mawonekedwe okongola komanso mawonekedwe abwino.
Ubwino:
- zokolola zambiri. Kuchokera pachitsamba chimodzi mutha kutengera 0,5 makilogalamu 1 mpaka 1 makilogalamu;
- yaitali zipatso. Zosiyanasiyana zimatha kubala zipatso ngakhale kuchepa kwa mphamvu ya dzuwa. Chifukwa cha izi, mutha kulandira zipatso kuyambira Juni mpaka Okutobala;
- zipatso zapamwamba kwambiri. Zipatsozi ndi zokoma, zimakhala ndi acidity pang'ono. Chifukwa cha kupyapyala kwawo amayendetsedwa bwino ndikusungidwa;
- chitetezo chakuda mawanga ndi anthracnose.
Zoyipa:
- kulephera kufalitsa mabulosi a manyumwa ndi masharubu kapena mbewu. San Andreas kwenikweni sakupanga masharubu, ndipo popeza sitiroberi uyu ndi wosakanizidwa, mbewu zomwe zimamera kuchokera pambewu zochotsedwa sizikhala ndi makolo;
- kugawa. Strawberry zamtunduwu amakonda nyengo yotentha, choncho ndioyenera kulimidwa kum'mwera. M'malo ozizira, San Andreas amakhala bwino mu msika;
- kufunika kosamalidwa. Kunyalanyaza ntchito zaulimi kumachepetsa kwambiri zipatso;
- kutalika kwa moyo. Zaka 3-4 mutabzala, muyenera kusintha mabulosi.
Kanema: Strawberry San Andreas
Strawberry Mbande: malamulo oyambira pokonzekera ndi kubzala pansi
Pali njira zingapo zomwe zimayenera kuchitika kuti mbewu yabwino ikhale yabwino.
- Chizindikiro. Ikani njere mu mawonekedwe a pinki a potaziyamu permanganate yankho kwa mphindi 30 ndikusakaniza pang'ono. Kenako chotsani ndi kuzitsuka bwinobwino m'madzi oyera. Youma mopepuka pa chopukutira.
- Kuuluka. Popeza San Andreas ndi amitundu yayikulu, ndikofunika kuti izinyowetsa nthanga zake isanafesere kuti zimere. Kuti muchite izi, pezani njere pa thonje lothonjetsedwa bwino, ndikuyiyika mu thumba la pulasitiki ndikuyika pamalo otentha kwa masiku awiri. Chisamaliro chikuyenera kutengedwa kuti nsaluyi inyenthe nthawi ino.
Mbeu zazikulu za sitiroberi zimamera bwino pambuyo pokhazikika
- Kuphatikizika kwa mbewu. Ngati mukufuna kuyamba mbande za sitiroberi, mutha kuyambitsa njere. Ndondomeko iyenera kuchitika mu Novembala. Tsatirani njira zomwezo ngati mukunyowa, kenako ndikuyika chikwama kapena chidebe cha pulasitiki ndi nsalu mufiriji pamalo ochezera. Stratization ya mbewu imatenga miyezi iwiri. Kumbukirani kuti nsaluyo ndi yonyowa.
Kugawa mbewu kumakupatsani mwayi wokhala mbande zoyambirira
Madzi pazochita zonse ndi mbewu ndi mbande ayenera kukhala ofunda ndi ofewa.
Kufesa mbewu
Bzalani mabulosi kuti mbande ziziyambira mu Marichi. Ngati mukufuna kubzala mbande mu Ogasiti, mutha kubzala sitiroberi kumapeto kwa Meyi.
Konzani pansi. Zosakaniza zingakhale motere:
- kompositi (zigawo zitatu) + dothi lamtunda (magawo atatu) + phulusa lamatabwa (magawo 0,5);
- humus (magawo 5) + mchenga (magawo atatu);
- peat (magawo atatu) + mchenga (magawo atatu) + vermiculite (magawo 4);
- mchenga (magawo atatu) + nthaka yamaluwa (gawo limodzi) + humus (gawo 1).
Pamaso kufesa, ndikofunikira kuti dothi lisungunuke, ndikuwotha kwa ola limodzi pa kutentha kwa 90-120zaC. Pambuyo pa kupha tizirombo, mutha kuchotsanso pamalo otentha kwa masabata awiri, kuti mabakiteriya othandiza apezekenso.
Masamba amafunika kufesedwa koyamba mu bokosi limodzi lokhala ndi masentimita osapitirira 15, kenako nkuwombera mphukirazo m'mbale zosiyasiyana.
- Pansi pa thankiyo, pangani mabowo angapo osungira madzi ndikutsanulira miyala yabwino kapena dongo lokakulitsidwa ndi wosanjikiza 2-3 cm.
- Dzazani cholembera ndi gawo lokonzekera pafupi theka.
- Tsunthirani gawo laling'ono kuchokera pa mfuti yolusa.
- Pogwiritsa ntchito ma tonneers, ikani njere mosamala 3-4 cm. Simufunikanso kudzaza mbewu - sitiroberi zimamera bwino m'kuwala.
- Phimbani bokosilo ndi filimu yowoneka bwino, mutapanga maenje angapo owongolera mkati mwake, ndikuyiyika pamalo otentha, owala, kupewa dzuwa.
- Nyowetsani nthaka ndi mfuti yothira ngati pakufunika.
Mbeu za Strawberry sizifunikira kuzamitsidwa
Kuwombera kumawonekera pambuyo pa masabata 2-3. Ngati mwasiyitsa nthanga, nthawi imeneyi imachepetsedwa kukhala masiku angapo kapena sabata limodzi. Zikamera zikamera, onjezani "kutentha" kwa maola awiri ndi atatu, ndikuwonjezera nthawi. Ndikotheka kuchotserapo filimuyo mutatsala masamba awiri owona pafupi ndi mbande.
Mbande zimafunikira kupereka kuwala kokwanira. Kuti muchite izi, ikani nyali ya fluorescent kuti kuunika kugwere kuchokera kutalika kwa 20 cm.
Mbewuzo zili pansi pa filimuyi, m'malovu am'madzi amapezeka pansi. Yesetsani kupewa chinyezi pa mbande, kotero sinthani kapena kupukuta filimuyo, ndi madzi ndi supuni kapena kugwiritsa ntchito syringe pansi pa msana.
Kutola mbande
Mbande za Strawberry zimatha kulowa m'mizere ingapo masamba amtundu wa 3-4 wowona (wokhazikika).
- Konzani zotengera (mapoto a peat, makapu apulasitiki).
- Pangani mabowo okumbira pansi ndikuwaza dongo lina lokwera kapena miyala yabwino.
- Dzazani zotengera ndi gawo lapansi ndikumunyowetsa. Pangani dzenje pakati.
- Thirani dothi bwino m'bokosi wamba ndikuchotsa masamba owombera ndi masamba a masamba a cotyledon. Tsinani msana.
- Ikani nthambiyo mu dzenje lokonzekereratu ndikuwaza mizu mosamala, ndikuonetsetsa kuti impso yotsala ili pamtunda.
Kubolera kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala, kusamala kuti tisawononge mizu
Mtsogolomo, mbande zimafunikira kuthirira panthawi yake ndikovala pamwamba ndimakonzedwe ovuta, mwachitsanzo, Mortar kapena Kemira. Ndikofunika kuchita kuvala koteroko masiku onse a 10-12.
Matenda a mmera
Zomera zing'onozing'ono zimatha kuthana ndi tizirombo ndi matenda:
- mwendo wakuda. Strawberry amatha kudwala chinyezi chambiri. Chizindikiro ndikuphimba kwa tsinde m'munsi. Pambuyo pake, tsinde limafewa, limasweka, ndipo mbewuyo imafa. Ngati mungazindikire izi pa mbande zanu, ndiye kuti nyamulani m'matumba awiri okhala ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndikuyika pamalo otentha. Pambuyo masiku 1-2, thirani dothi ndi Fitosporin kapena Bactofit;
- ufa wowuma. Matendawa akuwonetsedwa ndi kuwalako kumaso pamasamba, komwe kumadetsedwa, ndipo zikumera zidzafooka ndikufa. Pankhaniyi ,wonongerani mphukira zonse zodwala, ndikuchiritsa mbande zathanzi ndi Fitosporin kapena Planriz;
- akangaude. Kukhalapo kwawo kumatha kuweruzidwa pomwe mawanga azithunzi kapena opepuka achikaso amawonekera panja masamba ndi malo oyera mkati. Kuphatikiza apo, mutha kuzindikira membrane pakati pa tsinde ndi masamba. Polimbana ndi nkhupakupa, gwiritsani ntchito kukonzekera kwa Karbofos, Aktara, Fitoverm.
Kukonzekeretsa Bedi La Strawberry San Andreas
Kuti muwonetsetse malo abwino kwambiri popanga sitiroberi, ndikofunikira kukonzekera bwino mundawo.
Omwe amatsogolera ku sitiroberi ndi calendula, adyo, parsley, mpiru ndi kaloti. Pamalo omwe rasipiberi, nkhaka, mbatata ndi kabichi amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukula, ndikosayenera kukonza mabulosi.
Kwa sitiroberi, San Andreas ndiyabwino malo okwezedwa bwino ndi mchenga wopepuka kapena dothi louma. Kuteteza malo obzala modzidzimutsa kamodzikamodzi, kuziyika pakati pa tchire la curators kapena jamu. Onaninso mulingo wamadzi apansi panthaka - kuya kwa kupezeka kwawo kuyenera kukhala osachepera 1.5 m.
Kukonzekera pabedi:
- Kumbani chinsomba ndikuchotsa maudzu onse.
- Pa 1 m2 Onjezani ndowa ya kompositi kapena humus ndi 5 kg ya phulusa.
- Patatsala mwezi umodzi kuti mubzale mbande, onjezani 20 g wamchere wa potaziyamu ndi 40 g wa superphosphate ku dothi (1 mita2).
Mitundu ya mabedi:
- Tsegulani pabedi yopingasa. Ngati mukufuna kubzala sitiroberi mumzere umodzi, ndiye kuti m'lifupi mwake muyenera kukhala 40 cm.Ngati mukukonza bedi m'mizere iwiri, ndiye kuti m'lifupi mwake muyenera kukhala 80 cm ndipo mtunda pakati pa mizere ndi 30 40 cm.Mabowo a sitiroberi akuyenera kukhala pa mtunda wa 20 -25 cm motalikirana. M'mphepete, mutha kulimbitsa bedi ndi matabwa kapena zidutswa za slate.
Pabedi lokwera, masamba a sitiroberi akhoza kukhazikitsidwa mu mizere 1 kapena 2
- Bedi lotentha. Pamalo osankhidwa, ikani ngalande yakuya masentimita 40. Dzazani: wosanjikiza woyamba - nthambi zazikulu zomwe zidadulidwa kale; gawo lachiwiri ndi zinyalala za chomera: masamba, masamba owuma, utuchi. Thirani gawo ili ndi madzi ofunda; Mbali yachitatu ndi nthaka yachonde.
Bedi lofunda limakupatsirani ma sitiroberi okhala ndi nyengo zabwino zokulira
- Pabedi wowonjezera kutentha. Bedi loterolo lidzafunika kupangidwa kwa okhala m'mphepete mwa msewu wapakati komanso kumpoto, popeza sitiroberi San Andreas sikukula bwino ndi kutentha kosakwanira. Mu galasi kapena wowonjezera kutentha kwa polycarbonate, ikani bokosi lokhala ndi masentimita osachepera 70. Dzazani: ikani nthambi zosankhika (mutha kugwiritsa ntchito zotsalazo kuchokera pang'onopang'ono), humus, dothi losakanizidwa pamwamba (osachepera 20 cm). Mizere ndi mabowo ziyenera kukhala kutali ndi 20 cm kuchokera wina ndi mnzake.
Mitundu yokonda sitiroberi imafunika kuti ibzalidwe munyengo yobiriwira
Kubzala mbande
Musaiwale kuumitsa mbande musanadzalemo mu nthaka. Kuti muchite izi, pakatha milungu iwiri, tengani panja, choyamba kwa theka la ola, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi yomwe mumagwiritsa ntchito.
Ikamatera masika
Nthawi zambiri, kubzala kwa masika kumachitika kuyambira m'ma mpaka kumapeto kwa Meyi kuti tipewe kuwopsa kwa chisanu. Ndikwabwino kubzala sitiroberi patsiku lamitambo. Ukadaulo uli motere:
- Pabedi lokonzedwa, pangani mabowo 7-10 cm.
- Dzazani ndi humus ndikunyowa bwino ndi yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.
- Ikani chomera chimodzi pachitsime chilichonse. Ola limodzi asanabzalidwe, mbande zimafunika kuthiriridwa bwino. Ngati ikukula m'miphika za peat, ndiye kuti simukuyenera kuchotsa tchire.
- Onjezani pang'ono mizu ya sitiroberi. Impso ya apical iyenera kukhalabe pamwamba.
M'chaka choyamba, ndikulimbikitsidwa kudula maluwa onse kuti mabulosi azikhala olimba.
Yophukira
Pakadali pano, kubzala mitundu ya nyengo yozizira kukuchulukirachulukira, chifukwa chimalola mbewu kuzika mizu ndikukula, kupewa mavuto ndi tizirombo ndi matenda. Monga lamulo, ikamatera ikuchitika kumapeto kwa Ogasiti mpaka kumayambiriro kwa Seputembala. Tekinolo yobzala ndizofanana ndi nthawi yamasika, koma popanda kuyambitsa feteleza wa nayitrogeni.
Mukabzala sitiroberi, muyenera kusiya masamba apical pamtunda
Tekinoloji yaulimi ya kukonza mabulosi
Kuti muwonetsetse kuti zokolola zambiri zaku San Andreas, muyenera kuzisamalira.
Kuthirira
Mutabzala kwa masiku angapo, mbewu zazing'ono zimafunikira kuthiriridwa tsiku ndi tsiku, ndipo zikamalimba, kamodzi pakatha masiku atatu. Zitsamba za chaka chatha ziyenera kuthiriridwa koyamba kumapeto kwa Epulo. M'mwezi wa Meyi ndi Juni, moisten sitiroberi maulendo 4, mu Ogasiti ndi Seputro 2 nthawi ndi zokwanira. Gwiritsani ntchito madzi ofunda okha, thirirani bwino tchire pansi pa muzu, perekani ndondomekoyo madzulo.
Onetsetsani kuti mwamasula dothi lozungulirapo, makamaka mutathilira, kuti musawoneke kutumphuka ndikuthandizira nthaka ndi mpweya.
Mavalidwe apamwamba
Musaiwale kuti muyenera kubzala mbande pabedi lachonde. Ngati sitiroberi wanu ndi chaka kapena kupitilira, ndiye kuti dongosolo lazodyetsa likhala motere:
- mu Meyi, manyowa sitiroberi ndi urea (10 g wa feteleza pa malita 10 a madzi);
- mu theka lachiwiri la Juni - ndi yankho la zitosi zakumiyendo (gawo limodzi mwa magawo 20 amadzi) kapena manyowa (gawo limodzi la magawo khumi pamadzi 10);
- phulusa la phulusa lilinso lothandiza (kutsanulira phulusa lachiwiri la phulusa ndi madzi otentha, kupita kwa maola atatu, kenako kuthira m'madzi 10. 0,5 l ndikofunikira pachitsamba chilichonse) kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mapesi owuma (0,5 makilogalamu pachitsamba chilichonse);
- Mukugwa, manyowa San Andreas ndi feteleza wapadera (mwachitsanzo, Autumn).
Pakati pa nyengo muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zovuta 10 kuvala, apo ayi mbewuyo imafooka ndi kugwa ndipo sadzalekerera nthawi yachisanu.
Mulching
Mwambowu umakupulumutsirani pafupipafupi, popeza chinyontho chizisungidwa bwino m'nthaka, chitetezeni bedi ku namsongole, tilepheretsere michere m'nthaka ndikukhala ndi kutentha kwake kofunikira. Kwa mulch, udzu, peat, utuchi kapena singano za paini ndizoyenera. Dothi la mulch liyenera kukhala losachepera 5 cm, ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi limasinthidwa.
Mutha kuyalalanso pabedi ndi agrofibre. Ngati mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwalawa, ndiye kuti mupange feteleza onse ofunikira, ndikuphimba bedi ndikugundana, zidutswazo ziyenera kuphimba mzere uliwonse masentimita 20. Sinthani zakudalazi ndi mabrake. M'malo omwe mudzabzala mbande, pangani zodutsidwa.
Agrofiberi amateteza zipatso kuti zisawonongeke
Kukonzekera yozizira
Ndikofunika kutengulira fungo la zipatso zam'dothi m'dzinja. Dulani masamba onse ndi ma peduncle, kuyesera kuti musawononge masamba apical, omwe masamba atsopano amapangidwa. Valani tchire ndi nthambi za kumapeto kumapeto kwa nyengo, chifukwa sitiroberiyi sakonda nyengo yozizira.
Strawberry Patch Control San Andreas
San Andreas atengeka mosavuta ndi matenda ena, kuphatikiza ndi ufa wa leya komanso mawanga. Wamaluwa amaonanso kuti mbewu nthawi zambiri imakhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba ndi nthata za sitiroberi. Zambiri pa mankhwalawa zotupa:
- Ndi powdery mildew, chitsamba chimakutidwa ndi zokutira zowala, zomwe zimatembenuka. Amasiya kupindika ndi kugwa. Zokolola zimachepetsedwa kwambiri. Mankhwala, gwiritsani ntchito yankho la colloidal sulfure (100 g la ufa pa 10 l yamadzi). Chotsani zitsamba zomwe zakhudzidwa kwambiri.
- Mawonekedwe oyera. Chizindikiro chachikulu ndikuwoneka pamasamba oyamba bulauni, kenako oyera kapena imvi pakati ndikuzungulira mzere wamdima wa mawanga. Masamba amakhudzidwa, mbewu imafooka. Mankhwala, Bordeaux fluid ndi yoyenera. Kuti mukonzekere, sakanizani 300 g wamkuwa wa sulfate ndi 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha ndi 100 g laimu ndi 1 lita imodzi ya madzi otentha. Ngati kusakaniza kwazirala, onjezerani madzi a 8 L ndi mavuto. Bwerezani ngati kuli kofunikira. Chotsani masamba omwe anakhudzidwa kwambiri.
- Ma nsabwe. Pofuna kuthana ndi izi, gwiritsani ntchito yankho la sopo wa phulusa. Amakonzedwa motere: phula 300 g phulusa, kuthira madzi otentha ndi kuwira kwa mphindi 25. Ndiye kuchepetsa madzi 10 malita. Kuti chithandizocho chikhale bwino, onjezani sopo 50 g.
- Strawberry mite. Izi tizilombo komanso zimatha kuwononga kwambiri masitepe anu. Zikawonongeka, masamba amapindika ndikutchinga ndi chikasu chikasu, zipatso zake ndizochepa komanso zowuma. Chitsamba chosokonekera sichingathe kulekerera nyengo yachisanu. Pomenya nkhondoyi gwiritsani ntchito mankhwalawa Fufanon (15 ml pa madzi 5), Kemifos (10 ml pa 5 l).
Chithunzi chojambulidwa: Matenda a sitiroberi ndi tizirombo
- Powdery mildew imatha kuwononga chitsamba mwachangu
- Nsabwe za m'masamba zimavulaza kukula kwa sitiroberi
- Kuwona malo oyera kumawonekera pamasamba a sitiroberi
- Strawberry mite nthawi zambiri imapezeka m'minda yamaluwa.
Wamaluwa amawunikiranso za San Andreas osiyanasiyana
Poyerekeza ndi Albion, imawoneka bwino kwambiri - chitsamba chokha ndicholimba kwambiri, muzu umakhala bwino, wosagonjetseka ndi kuwona ndi matenda ena wamba komanso tizirombo ta masamba a udzu (sitiroberi). Kuwoneka bwino kumakhala pafupifupi pamlingo umodzi, koma kachulukidwe kotsika, kumakhala kopanda minofu komanso kowutsa mudyo, kokhala ndi shuga wambiri. Ndipo mwayi wofunikira kwambiri ndi zipatso. Pa tchire limodzi mpaka ma pedendo a 10-12. Kufesa kumakhala kotsika pang'ono ku San Andreas kuposa ku Albion, koma ndevu zimapezeka nthawi imodzi ndi zipatso. Izi sitiroberi zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi nyengo komanso matenda, komanso zipatso zolimba m'chilimwe mu kutentha popanda kugwedezeka kowonjezereka.
Luda Avina//sadiba.com.ua/forum/showthread.php?t=17270
San Andreas adakumana chaka chatha komanso izi. Talandila mbande ku England. Chifukwa chake ndikutsimikiza za mtundu wa kubzala zinthu. Koma sindimakonda izi. Mabulosi samakhala ndi mabatani, osati okongola kwambiri, nthawi zambiri amabisala. Albion motsutsana ndi maziko a CA ndi wokongola kwambiri mabulosi, wokongola nthawi zonse, wosasinthika komanso wonyezimira. Komanso, ku SA, mabulosi ndiwofewa ndipo, ine ndimalawa kwambiri kuposa Albion. Palibe kutsekemera ndikuzama kwa kukoma komwe kumakhala pa Albion yakucha kwathunthu. Pa zokolola za SA, ndimakhalanso ndi mafunso. Mwanjira ina iye samawala. Ngakhale ndidabzala tchire zingapo mu tchuthi chabwino cha peat m'miphika + feteleza + zokuthandizira, koma ngakhale ndi chisamaliro chabwino, kukolola kunali Mediocre.
Tezier//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=3054
Ndi kulima kwa sitiroberi San Andreas ngakhale wosamalira maluwa wamwano angapirire. Tsatirani malangizo onse, ndipo mabulosi adzakusangalatsani ndi mbewu yabwino.
