Mphesa wa amethyst umagawidwa mu zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana zosiyana.
Choncho, "Amethyst Novocherkassky" (ІӀ-13-6-2), adapezedwa ku VNIIViV wotchedwa Ya.I. Potapenko poyenda mitundu "Kondwerani" ndi "Chisangalalo".
Gulu lamasamba, wosakanizidwa, wapamwamba kwambiri oyambirira (yakucha masiku 90-110).
"Amethyst Samara" (23-2-2), wamkulu pa Kuibyshev AIA kuchokera ku "Muscat Hamburg" ndi "Kuybyshevskogo yakucha".
Olemba a zosiyanasiyana ndi V. Paltseva, PG Merkulova, N.V. Kazakova. Tebulo, kumayambiriro, kuphimba, kumalo amchere.
"Amethyst Super Early", yotengedwa kuchokera ku "Anthea Magarachsky" ndi "Tavria", kusankha Golodrigi P.Ya.
Choyambirira, tebulo, mtundu wa mchere, amachokera patapita nthawi kuposa ena, chotero makhalidwe ambiri ali pansi pano.
Popeza onse amakula kuchokera ku mitundu yosiyanasiyana, n'kofunika kudziwa kusiyana (zigawo za kulima, malamulo a chisamaliro) Amethyst pakati pawo.
Thandizo: Werengani zambiri za mitundu yambiri ya mphesa ya Amethyst Novocherkassky.
Kufotokozera mphesa mitundu Amethyst
Kuti mumvetse kusiyana kwa mitundu, ganizirani izi mwazifukwa:
| Criterion / Dzina la chikhalidwe | "Amethyst Super Early" | "Amethyst Samara" |
| Chigawo chokula | Dera la Volga, Central Russia, South Russia | Dera la Volga, Central Russia |
| Kuwonekera kwa mphesa | Srednerosly (kukula kwakukulu ngati tchire tachokera tokha) | Srednerosly, mphukira ndi 1-1.5m kutalika, imakula bwino pa 9-15 masamba, mdima wofiirira, maluwa ndi amzawo TIP Yambani pansi poyera |
| Berry | Zambiri, mtundu wa lilac kupita ku mdima wonyezimira, mawonekedwewo akhoza kukhala oval kapena oval-elongated, ndi khungu lofewa, lofewa minofu, wolemera mpaka 6 g | Chovala chofiira, chofiirira chofiirira, ndi khungu lolimba, thupi lobiriwira |
| Sakani | Osasuntha, muscatel alipo | Zosavuta |
| Kukhalapo kwa maenje | Idyani, zofewa, zodyedwa | Inde, 1-2 |
| Mpesa | Yaikulu, kulemera kwa 0,5 mpaka 1.5 makilogalamu | Masango obirira Mphesa yamisala - 170-280g. Zazikulu |
| Zima hardiness | Kwambiri-mpaka - 29 | Pafupifupi pafupifupi (-20- -22) |
| Matenda ndi Kutsutsana ndi Tizilombo | Kulimbana ndi mildew, gray mold, oidium | Osagonjetsedwa mokwanira ndi mildew ndi imvi zipatso zowola |
| Zakudya zokhudzana ndi shuga | - | 12-15% |
| Acidity | - | 0,5-0,8% |
| Kupereka, zina zoyenera | Nthawi zambiri zokolola zambiri, maluwa okwatirana | Fruiting kuchokera zaka zitatu, maluwa a June 11-26 (malingana ndi dera la kulima) kuyambira zaka 6 akhoza kubweretsa makilogalamu 10 pa chitsamba |
Mwachiwonekere, mitundu yonse ndi ya tebulo mitundu. Ndi iwo omwe tiri kugula ku gome kuti tidye mwatsopano. Ndipo zisa zosiyanasiyana za mtundu umenewu ndi zodabwitsa. Nazi ena mwa iwo: Karmakod, Ataman Pavlyuk, Alexander, Delight Bely, Pleven, Dawn Nesvetaya.
Chithunzi
Mphesa "Amethyst Samara" zambiri zokhudza chithunzi chili pansipa:
Mphesa "Amethyst Super Early" chithunzi:
Tikufika
Kubzala kumapeto kwa dzuwa (malingana ndi dera - kumayambiriro kapena kumapeto kwa May), mtunda wa pakati pa mbande = 2 mamita awiri.
Langizo: pafupi ndi mphesa, ndi bwino kuti musabzalitse mitengo ya zipatso kapena zitsamba, monga momwe amachitira msampha chisanu.
Pansi pa dzenje lakutsetsela mumayenera kuyika mwala kapena njerwa yosweka, ndipo pamtundawo mumasakaniza ndi humus (mpaka 10 kg), mchere wa potassium, nayitrogeni, phosphorous. Spud sapling ndi yemweyo osakaniza masentimita angapo.
Bungwe: ikani mtengo kuti mumange mphukira zowonjezereka.
Pambuyo pa masiku angapo, mizu ndi mphukira zatsopano ziziwonekera. Ndiye mbande amafunika razukochivat.
Chisamaliro
Mukamabzala mphesa zaka zingapo, muyenera kupanga njira zina:
- Kutsegula, kuchotsa namsongole.
- Kuchita katarovka (kuchotsa woonda mizu kuti akuya 20 cm).
- Kupopera mbewu Bordeaux madzi (3%) kupewa matenda a mphesa.
- Kuthirira (10-15 malita pa chomera).
- Kupanga mapangidwe (zidutswa zazomera zimatulutsa - kuteteza kuphulika, kutaya kwa mbewu, kukhazikitsa mphukira zopatsa zipatso ndi zopanda zipatso; kukumeta mphukira zowonjezera sabata isanakwane maluwa).
- Zovala zapamwamba ndi mineral ndi feteleza - nthawi zitatu pa nyengo (manyowa, manyowa, ammonium nitrate, urea, ammonium sulfate). Asanayambe maluwa, sabata itatha, sabata isanakwane zipatso zapsa.
Langizo: Manyowa a azitrogeni amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula.
Kukonzekera nyengo yozizira "Amethyst Samara":
- Pitirizani kuthirira (mpaka 60 malita pa chomera). Yambani mukakonza;
- kuphimba mphesa (kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yoyamba yozizira), (kuphimba ndi masamba a spruce, spandbond, koma onetsetsani kuti musiye mpata kuti muteteze mphesa kuchokera ku rooting)
- nyengo yokolola.
Mukasamalira bwino mphesa zanu, zidzakupatsani zokolola zambiri. Komanso musaiwale za kupewa matenda, omwe mphesa sizing'ono. Ndipo kuthana ndi ntchitoyi, 100% werengani nkhanizi pa mutu uwu.
Pezani zomwe khansa ya bakiteriya, anthracnose, rubella, chlorosis ndi bacteriosis. Gwiritsani ntchito malangizo othandiza momwe mungatetezere ndi kuteteza ndi kusunga munda wanu pamwamba.
Chabwino, kwa iwo omwe, popanda mphesa, amasangalala kukula maapulo, mapeyala ndi zomera zina ndi zipatso za mabulosi pamtunda wawo, timapereka nkhani zingapo pa mutu uwu. Werengani zonse zokhudza matenda a mitengo ya apulo ndi tizirombo tawo, zomwe zimayambitsa matenda a mapeyala zomwe zimapezeka ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ku Russia. Komanso chirichonse chimene inu mumafuna kudziwa za yamatcheri, plums, wofiira ndi wakuda currants.
