Mitengo ya apulo ya Moscow ikufalikira mofulumira m'madera otentha.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maapulo ndi yozizira-yolimba, yosavuta kuyeretsa ndipo ili ndi zipatso zosiyana ndi nthawi yosungirako yosakwanira.
Mitundu yosiyana ndi yotsutsana ndi matenda akulu a apulo - nkhanambo.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya apulo ya Moscow ikupita woimira nyengo yozizira (mochedwa) yakucha.
Zipatso zakonzeka kukolola kumapeto kwa September-kumayambiriro kwa October komanso kukhala ndi khalidwe labwino kwambiri lokusunga.
Powasamalira bwino, amatha kukhalabe olimba mpaka kukolola koyamba.
Sungani iwo akulangizidwa mu zinyumba ndi zipinda zapansi.pa kutentha kwa madigiri 2 mpaka 6 Celsius. Pewani madontho adzidzidzi kutentha kutentha.
Mitengo yachisanu imaphatikizaponso Nastya, Nymph, Orlovsky synapse, Kandil Orlovsky ndi Orlik.
Kuwongolera
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zamoyo, odzola mungu amatha kuchita: Sinap Orlovsky, Vityaz, Moscow Winter, Bogatyr, Zhigulevskoe, ndi zina zotero.
Tsatanetsatane wa zosiyanasiyana "Moscow mochedwa"
Mtengo wa apulo wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Moscow umadziwikanso ndi kukula kwake kwakukulu ndi zipatso zazikulu.
Patapita nthawi Moscow ndi mtengo waukulu. Mukamadzala mmera ndipo zaka zoyambirira za moyo, muli ndi piramidi yaikulu ya koronadi; ikafika pokhwima, korona imasintha mawonekedwe ake.
Makungwawo ali ndi tchilendo chosalala chachilendo, nthambi zazikulu zimakula pang'onopang'ono, ndi pang'ono. Masambawo ndi aakulu, mawonekedwe a masamba ndi osakanikirana, nsongayo imalongosola mwamphamvu.
Kukula kwa chipatso kumaposa kulemera kwake kwa maapulo wamba (zipatso zambiri za Moscow Pambuyo poyeza 165 g, zitsanzo zina zimafikira 210-235 g), mawonekedwe a maapulo ali ozungulira, ozungulira, pamwamba ndi ofewa, kukopa kulibe.
Ali wamkulu (pa nthawi yokolola), chipatsocho chili ndi mtundu wachikasu wobiriwira ndi mbali yofiira ya pinki pambali yomwe imaunikiridwa ndi dzuwa.
Pa nthawi yosasitsa, mtundu umasintha ku golidi, nsalu yobiriwira imachoka. Mnofu wa chipatso uli ndi makonzedwe abwino, m'malo mwake ndi ouma ndipo m'malo mwake amawotcha, mtundu ndi woyera, osasakanikirana ndi mithunzi ina.
Mitundu yotsatirayi ingadzitamandire ndi zipatso zazikulu: Oyang'anira, Marat Busurin, Moscow Hrushovka, Orlov ndi Orlovsky apainiya.
Chithunzi
Onani m'munsimu zithunzi za Moscow Moscovaya apulo zosiyanasiyana:
Mbiri yobereka
Yoyesedwa ndi ntchito ya wofalitsa S. I. Isaev. Akuyang'ana mitundu yomwe inalengedwa ndi MSU. M. V. Lomonosov. Choyamba chinakula bwino mu 1961.
Kwa kuswana kwa mtengo wa apulo wa Moskovskoye, mitundu ina iwiri ya apulo inagwiritsidwanso ntchito: Northern Northern Synapse ndi Cinnamon New. Anaperekedwa mwalamulo kokha mu 2001.
Chigawo chokula
Zosiyanasiyana zafalikira kudera lonse lapakati ndipo zimapezekanso m'madera oyandikana nawo.
Pakadali pano, mitundu ya apulo Moskovskoe idzapezeka ku Central Russia, Ukraine ndi Belarus.
M'madera amenewa, mitunduyi imakula bwino: Uslada, Autumnal pansi, Winter Beauty, Nadezhda ndi Antonovka wamba.
Pereka
Ndizodabwitsa kuti poyambirira kuti Moscow inayamba kuchitika mu chaka cha khumi mutabzala - inali nthawi yomwe zipatso zoyambirira za mtengo wapainiya zinaperekedwa. Koma zinapezeka kuti mbande imabereka zipatso mofulumira, kwa chaka cha 6-7.
Zipatso zimawonekera kumapeto kwa September, Mtengo wapakati pa mtengo ndi makilogalamu 160.
Mu malo odyera a hekita imodzi ya nthaka yomwe idabzalidwa ndi Late Moscow, anthu okwana 110 a mbewuyo amakololedwa.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Mtengo wa apulo wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya Moscow sunafunike chisamaliro chapadera kenako, umagwirizana ndi ndondomeko zoyenera za kusamalira ndi kubzala mitengo ya apulo yaitali. Taganizirani zambiri.
Mukasankha sapling, yang'anani mosamala za chikhalidwe cha thunthu la mtengo. Ngati thunthu liri lopindika kwambiri, mizu yake yawonongeka kapena khosi silikuwoneka, simuyenera kugula mtengo.
Pali mwayi waukulu kuti sapling sichidzagwedezeka kapena chidzakula, chomwe chidzakhudza ubwino wa mbewu.
Pambuyo pa kugula mbeu, iyenera kufupikitsidwa mofulumira (kudula) mpaka masentimita 80. Ngati mizu yayifupi kwambiri kuposa masentimita 40, idulani ngakhale pansi pa masentimita 80, popeza mizu yaying'ono siidzatha kukwanira korona.
Musanadzalemo, yongolani mizu ya mmera, kuchotsani mizu yoonongeka, kuthira mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.
Ngati mizu ya nyemba yayuma kwambiri, yesetsani kuika mizu m'madzi usiku, ndiye kuti chomera chidzakula bwino komanso mofulumira.
Ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti malo okhala mitengo yaing'ono ali ndi madzi. Ndikofunika kukumba dzenje, pomwe mukulekanitsa nthaka ndi pansi. Tikulimbikitsanso kuika chisakanizo cha zowonjezera za nthaka ndi feteleza (humus, kompositi) pansi pa dzenje lakubzala.
Zaletsedwa kuika manyowa atsopano m'munda wamunda. Mchere wosakaniza umadzaza ndi dothi lopanda dothi lapakati pa 5-6 masentimita, kuti mizu ya mbeu isagwirizane ndi feteleza. Kulumikizana kotere kungayambitse mizu.
Kusakaniza kwa feteleza ndi dothi ziyenera kupanga mtundu wa chitunda chomwe chimayikidwa mmera.
Nkhumba imayendetsedwa pafupi ndi mmera, pamtengo umene amangiriridwa kuti asapangidwe ndi thunthu pansi pa kulemera kwa korona.
Mizu ya mmera imadzaza ndi zigawo, pakufunika mmera ndikofunikira kuti mugwedeze pang'ono, mukhoza kuchepetsa dothi la nthaka kuti likhale lolimba kwambiri. Mutabzala, ndi bwino kuthirira mtengo ndi 2-3 ndowa zamadzi.
Imodzi mwa nthawi zofunika kwambiri pa chisamaliro cha Moscow mochedwa - ndi kuthirira. Moscow ikufunikira ulimi wothirira moyenera komanso wochuluka, izi ndi zofunika makamaka pa nthawi ya maluwa komanso nthawi yowuma.
Kudza mtengo ndi sod kapena kapepala ya clover, iwo adzasungira mchere wofunika kwambiri.
Kudulira kumathandiza kwambiri pakuzindikira bwino mphamvu za mtengo. Pankhani imeneyi, chaka chotsatira chitatha, iwo anayamba kupanga korona.
Mphukira yachinyamata imamera mkati mwa korona kapena nthambi zomwe zimakula pambali yochepa zimachepetsedwa. Ngati sapling inayamba kuphulika m'zaka zoyambirira za moyo, isanafike tsiku lachisanu ndi chimodzi cha kubadwa, ndibwino kuti muzidula maluwa. Komanso m'chakachi nthambi zonse zosayenera, zowola, zowola zimadulidwa.
Ndikofunika kuti nthaka ikhale yoyera, ndiko kuti, kutulutsa namsongole, kumasula namsongole. Manyowa othandizira feteleza ndi udzu wouma.
Mu nthawi yamasika, mtengo wanu umadyetsedwa ndi saltpeter, urea, ndi phulusa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Tsamba la Apple
Matendawa ndi oopsa, amatha kufa ku mtengo. Pa nthawi ya matendawa, mawonekedwe okhwima pamtengo, korona ndi nthambi, pambuyo pake kuwonongeka kumayamba kukula.
Kuwonongeka sikungotsegulira, koma kutsekedwa (khungani ma exfoliates pambuyo kuvunda). Pakati pa zilondazi, ngati sichikutsatiridwa, malire ofiira amapezeka, kumene malo ovundawo akuwonjezeka.
Chithandizo: Ngati matendawa amapezeka panthawi yoyamba, malo owonongeka ayenera kuthiridwa ndi msuzi kapena Bordeaux madzi. Nthambi zowonongeka zimadulidwa ndikuwotcha kunja kwa munda.
Scab
Matenda opangidwa ndi fungal spores. Matenda a fungal "amatha" pa masamba osadziwika bwino ndi kuvunda kuyambira autumn. Nthenda yoyamba imakhudza kasupe achinyamata masamba ndi mphukira.
Amaoneka ngati maonekedwe achikasu, okongola kwambiri, ndi mchere wambiri.
Ngati sichikuchitidwa nthawi, masamba amauma, ndipo matendawa amapita ku zipatso, masamba, mazira.
Chithandizo: Pambuyo pa yophukira tsamba kugwa mtengo ukuchitidwa ndi urea mu zothetsera. Palinso mankhwala osokoneza bongo omwe amachititsa mtengo wodwala kale: "Scor", njira yothetsera zakumwa za Bordeaux (imagwiritsidwa katatu, nthawi imodzi peresenti, gawo limodzi peresenti), Cumulus, Scor, ndi ena.
Mame a Mealy
Matendawa ndi oopsa, chifukwa amakhudza kwambiri ziwalo zonse za mtengo. Ambiri amawonekeratu pamasamba, amawonekera ngati maluwa oyera, ofanana ndi ufa kapena fumbi, pamayendedwe apamwamba maluwawo amasintha mtundu kukhala bulauni.
Ngati simunalandidwe, masamba amauma, ndipo matendawa amakhudza kwambiri mkati mwa thunthu.
Chithandizo: Malo oonongeka amakonzedwa ndi kuchotsedwa kutali ndi munda. Mtengo ukuperekedwa ndi yankho la mankhwala "Topaz" (2 ml pa 10 malita a madzi), mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito "Skor".
Njira yothetseratu yatsukidwa ndi nkhuni, ndipo kumapeto kwa fruiting imachizidwa ndi Bordeaux madzi.
Musaiwale za tizirombo ta zipatso za apulo ndipo tipewe njira zothandizira pa njenjete ndi njenjete ya migodi, zipatso zamtengo wapatali, zitsamba zam'madzi.
Kuti musamalire mtengo wa apulo wa Moscow mochedwa simudzasowa khama lalikulu. Zosiyanasiyana ndizodzichepetsa, zochuluka zokolola, zapamwamba kukoma kwa makhalidwe a zipatso ndi yaitali lalitali.
Chokhacho chokha chomwe chikudziwika lero ndi chizoloŵezi cha korona kuti idye.
