Chifukwa cha kusankha kwapamwamba kwake, mitundu yatsopano ya mphesa imawonekeratu kuti siingathe kusintha mofanana ndi zigawo zapakatikati popanda kuperewera kwa ubwino ndi kuchuluka kwa mbeu, komanso kudzichepetsa mwapadera ndi kusamalidwa ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Mphesa mitundu "Muscat Delight" anatenga kuchokera kwa makolo ake awiri okha yabwino makhalidwe ndipo anakhala yoyenera mawonekedwe kunyumba munda viticulture.
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Muscat chimwemwe (dzina lachiwiri ndi "Super Run Delight") limatanthawuza mitundu yonyamulira ya mphesa zoyera kuyambira nthawi yoyambirira yakucha, yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano.
Muscat woyera, Muscat chilimwe ndi Muscat Hamburg amakhalanso ndi muscats.
Mphesa Muscat Chimwemwe: zosiyanasiyana zofotokozera
Mabulosiwa ndi aakulu, kulemera kwake ndi 6-7 gm, ovalo pang'ono. Mafuta oyera a mtundu uwu pa kukula msinkhu amakhala ndi mtengo wambiri wamtambo mthunzi ndipo amakhala ndi mgwirizano wogwirizana ndi pang'ono pambuyo pake ya nutmeg.
Pulani zipatso zowutsa mudyo, wandiweyani, ndi shuga wapamwamba - kufika 25% ndi acidity wa 6-7 g / l.
Alex, Aladdin ndi Athos amadziwikanso chifukwa cha shuga yawo yaikulu.
Zipatsozi zimasonkhanitsidwa m'magulu akuluakulu, olemera - 600-800 g, koma nthawi zina amatha kufika 1 makilogalamu. Masangowa amasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a conical, koma nthawi zina amakhalanso opanda mawonekedwe.
Kuphuka kwa mipesa ya mitunduyi ndi yapamwamba kwambiri, pafupifupi kutalika konse, pamene mphukira zopatsa zipatso - zoposa 80%. Pa mphukira imodziyi inkafika pamagulu 1.8. Chitsamba chimasonyeza mphamvu ya kukula mu chikhalidwe chake ndipo imatha kufika mamita awiri m'litali. Ukalamba pazitsamba, chomeracho n'cholimba.
Mitengo ya Chisangalalo cha Nutmeg imakhazikika kwambiri ndipo imayamba fruiting patatha zaka 2-3 mutabzala pamalo osatha.
Mitundu yowonjezera mphamvu ndi Ataman Pavlyuk, Anthony Wamkulu ndi Amirkhan.
Chithunzi
Mphesa yamoto "Muscat Delight":
Mbiri yobereka
Zosiyanasiyanazo zinapezeka ku Russia, ku All-Russian Research Institute of Aviation, ndi Potapenko, mwa kudutsa awiri okondwa ndi Frumoas Albe.
Nthambi yomweyo ndi Harold, Red Delight ndi Sabo.
Makhalidwe
Zili ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu yamphesa, nyengo yake yosamba ndi masiku 105-110 okha. Zipatso zimafika pokhwima mokwanira m'dera lamkati kumayambiriro kwa August.
Zokolola za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi zapamwamba kwambiri, kotero chomera nthawi zambiri chimadzala ndi kuyenera kuwerengedwa ndi zokolola. Mtengo wokwanira kwambiri wokondweretsa nutmeg ndi mabowo 20-25, ngati chomeracho chikukula mumadzu awo, ndipo sichiyenera kupitirira mabowo 40, ngati chikhalidwecho chikuphatikizidwa.
Mphatso ya Magarach, Mu kukumbukira Dombkovskaya ndi Isabella amatha kupereka zopindulitsa zabwino.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagwirizana kwambiri ndi mizu ya mizu, ili pazokolola zochulukirapo zomwe zimapezeka ndipo kukula kwa zipatso zimasweka chifukwa cha zosiyanasiyana.
Chifukwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana imasiyanitsidwa ndi msinkhu wochulukirapo pamtunda, ndiye kudulira kanthawi kochepa kumakonda - ndi maso 3-4, komanso kuchotsedwa kwa mphukira zosadulidwa. Kawirikawiri kudulira zipatso za mpesa kumachitika pa 6-8 maso.
Zimayankha bwino kwambiri kubiri ndi feteleza, feteleza ndi feteleza.
Chifukwa cha kukwera kwake kwa chisanu (mpaka 26⁰С), mitundu yosiyanasiyana ikhoza kukulira mu unopen mikhalidwe, pa arched formations, gazebos, kapena pachimake chikhalidwe ndi zochepa kuopsa kwa chomera mbali pa chisanu.
Pakati pa mitundu yozizira yomwe imayenera kudziŵa Ruslan, Super Extra ndi Alex.
Zipatso za musk zosangalatsa zimadziwika ndi makhalidwe abwino othandizira, ndipo amatha kukhala pa mpesa kwa nthawi yaitali (mpaka miyezi 1.5) atatha kucha, popanda kutaya maonekedwe ndi kukoma.
Tizilombo ndi matenda
Mitundu yambiri imakhala yotsutsana ndi matenda a fungal (imvi nkhungu, oidium ndi mildew) pamlingo wa mfundo zitatu. Zina za matenda a mphesa - anthracnose, chlorosis, bacteriosis, rubella ndi Muscate Chimwemwe ndi pafupi 2 mfundo kugonjetsedwa.
Mitundu imeneyi imapezeka kuti ndi powdery mildew (oidium), choncho imafuna kuchiza matenda opatsirana ndi sulufule.
Monga njira yowonetsetsera, m'pofunikira kuti tizichita mapiritsi angapo panthawi ya kukula ndi biologics motsutsana ndi matenda a fungal. Nthawi zambiri zimadalira dera la kulima.
Mphesa sizitsutsana ndi tizilombo ngati phylloxera (mphesa aphid). Monga njira yabwino kwambiri yopezera maonekedwe a tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, katemera umagwiritsidwa ntchito m'matangadza a Ripariya Gluar kapena Kober 5BB.
Mizu yawo imakhala yosagonjetsedwa ndipo safa ngati imakhudzidwa ndi phylloxera.
Ndibwino kuti mupange pa dothi la mchenga, ndipo kuyambira pamenepo Ngati tizilombo tifalikira pamodzi ndi zokolola, ndiye kuti kugula kwa mbande kuyenera kusamalidwa bwino.
Njira zowonongeka za tizirombo ta mphesa ndi kuchotsa ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbali zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi zomera, komanso tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Izi ndizosiyana mitundu yosadzichepetsa yomwe imamva bwino mu nyengo ya chigawo chapakati. Pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zochepetsera mankhwalawa, zimabweretsa mbewu zambiri nthawi zonse.
Giovanni, Denisovsky ndi Giovanni.
