Phindu lalikulu la mazira lingathe kukambidwa ngati liri latsopano. Atakhala pansi pa firiji kwa mwezi umodzi, amatha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino ndipo amakhala oopsa ku thanzi. Kamodzi m'thupi, mankhwala omwe amatha nthawi yaitali amachititsa kuti munthu asokoneze kwambiri, zomwe zingawonongeke. Choncho, ndikofunika kuti mudziwe bwinobwino kuti mulingo watsopano umakhala wotani komanso kuti mumvetsetse kuti nthawi yake ndi yoyenera. Kuwonjezera pa nkhaniyi tidzakambirana mwatsatanetsatane zomwe tiyenera kuyang'ana pamene tigula nkhuku ndi zinziri mazira, mpaka liti angasungidwe ndi malo oti azichita bwino.
Momwe mungadziwire ngati dzira lili latsopano: nkhuku ndi zinziri
Makhalidwe apadera a eggshell amalola kuti mkati mwake zikhalebe zopindulitsa kwa nthawi yaitali. Koma chifukwa cha ichi, zinthu zina zosungirako ndi zofunika. Apo ayi, mkati mwa mankhwalawa ayamba kuuma, ndipo wolankhula zonunkhira angapange zosayenera kuti agwiritse ntchito. 
Pali njira zambiri zowonera mazira atsopano kunyumba. Ndipo chifukwa cha ichi, sikofunikira konse kunyamula microscope ndi zosavomerezeka zamakina zamakina m'khitchini. Mukhoza kuweruza kuyenera kwa mankhwalawa ngakhale mu sitolo. Tiyeni tilowe muzinthu zonse.
Mukudziwa? Lero, chimanga chachikulu kwambiri cha mazira padziko lapansi ndi People's Republic of China. Mipukutu pafupifupi 160 miliyoni ya mankhwalawa imapangidwa kumeneko pachaka. Akatswiri ambiri amanena kuti nkhukuyi inayamba kuonekera m'dziko lino. Ndipo zinachitika kwinakwake mu 1400 BC.
Pogula
Akatswiri amalangiza kuti asapange zinthu "zopanda khungu". Malingaliro awo, kuyang'ana kwa malonda kuli kofunikira. Chifukwa chake, atapita mazira ku masitolo kapena kumsika, Awayang'anire mosamala. Zithunzi zatsopano zomwe zawonongedwa posachedwa zidzafanizirana bwino ndi matteti a chipolopolocho. Koma iwo omwe akhala akugona kwa masiku angapo adzadziwika ndi kuwala kowala kwambiri. Koma kuti tiganizire kokha njira iyi yotsimikiziridwa sizothandiza. Akatswiri amachenjeza kuti ogulitsa nsomba amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuti agulitse mankhwala. Mmodzi wa awa akuwaza kapena kusamba fanizo lililonse. 
Kuti kugula kusakhumudwitse chinthu chosasangalatsa, Posankha teyi ya dzira, yerekezerani ndi zina zonse.. Momwemonso, khumi ndi awiriwo ayenera kukhala ndi mtundu womwewo ndi digiri ya chigoba. Ngati mukukumana ndi malo osiyanasiyana, mwinamwake wogulitsa akusakaniza mazira akale komanso atsopano. Fukuta iwo. Mu bokosi loipa kwambiri, padzakhala fungo losasangalatsa.
Ndikofunikira! Chigoba cha dzira watsopano chimakhala ndi fungo lapadera, lomwe liri lofanana kwambiri ndi laimu.
Sizimapwetekanso kugwedeza dzira yaiwisi. Ngati mumva nkhani yomveka mkati, muyenera kukana kugula. Ndipotu, oyankhula sali oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito.
Musanyalanyaze mankhwalawa. moyo wa alumali. Pokudziwitsani za izi, wopanga amatsimikizira kuti mankhwalawa atsopano, ngati atasungidwa bwino. Nthawi zonse muzisankha mankhwala atsopano ndikuyesera kuzigwiritsa ntchito tsiku lisanawonongeke pakutha. 
Pamene mukuphika
Ogulitsa ambiri sali ovuta zokhudzana ndi sitampu pa mazira a dzira ndikupitiriza kudya zakudya zatha. Malingana ndi akatswiri, kwenikweni, iye amakhalabe woyenerera wake kwa kanthawi kochepa. Koma musanagwiritse ntchito, mwatsopano umayenera kutsekedwa.
Izi zachitika motere:
- Sungani mankhwalawa mu chidebe ndi madzi ozizira. Chizindikiro cha khalidwe labwino ndi kukwaniritsa kwathunthu pansi. Ngati dzira limatulutsidwa pang'ono ndikumapeto, sizitsamba zoyamba, koma ndizoyenera kudya ndi mbale zotentha. Mukawona kuti akukwera pamwamba, nthawi imeneyi imatayidwa bwino.
- Gwedeza dzira. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, mankhwala opangidwa ndi khalidwe sayenera kukhala ndi ziphuphu. Kukhalapo kwa zitoliro zotere kumatanthauza kuti mpweya wochuluka walowa, kuchokera apo albumen ndi yolk zawonongeka. Izi ndi chakudya chosayenera.
Ndikofunikira! Mazira ndiwo magwero a salmonelis, kotero amafunika kuwiritsa madzi osachepera mphindi zisanu. Kumbukirani kuti mabakiteriya a Salmonella amalephera kugwira ntchito kutentha kwa +70 ° C.
Video: Kuyesa mazira atsopano ndi madzi
Fufuzani mazira atsopano ndi kotheka ndi thandizo la ovoskop. Chipangizochi chidzakuthandizira kuzindikira zowonongeka mkati mwa dzira: kukhalapo kwa utoto, nkhungu, kuwonongeka kwa chipolopolocho.
Pawonetsero
Phulani chipolopolo ndikuwonetsetsani mkhalidwe wa mkati. Zomwe zimatulutsidwa posachedwa, mapuloteni adzakhala okonzeka komanso okololedwa mwamphamvu, ndipo yolk idzakhala yotsitsimutsa. Ngati dzira limakhala nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti muwona mapuloteni omwe akufalikira ndi phokoso la yolk. 
Kodi choopsa n'chiyani?
M'madera ena, zotsalira zapadera za nkhuku ndi zinziri za mazira zimakhazikika. Koma ngati malamulo a yosungirako aphwanyidwa, ndiye kuti sikofunika kulankhula za zakudya zamapuloteni komanso kukhuta kwa thupi ndi zinthu zofunika. Pankhaniyi, monga zikuwonetsedwa ndi ziwerengero zamankhwala, zidzakhala za poizoni ndi zotsatira zake.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, zosayenera zophikira mazira, kugwiritsa ntchito mbale zonyansa, komanso zipangizo zamakono zowononga zimayambitsa chitukuko cha salmonellosis. Mabakiteriya omwe amachititsa matendawa amakhala mu dzira loyera, yolk ndi chipolopolo. Gwero lawo ndi nkhuku. Komanso, malinga ndi zizindikiro zakunja, ngakhale akatswiri sangathe kuzindikira zitsanzo za kachilomboka. Izi sizingapereke mtundu wa chipolopolo, fungo, kapena zooneka zina za mankhwala.
Mukudziwa? Anthu a ku China amajambula mazira ofiira nthawi zonse pamene mwana wakhanda amawonekera m'banja. Malingana ndi kukonda anthu, mwambo wotero umatsimikizira mwana kukhala ndi moyo wautali komanso wosangalala..
Mukamagwiritsa ntchito mazira otha msanga kapena odwala Zoopsa ku thanzi ndizo: zopangidwa ndi mayonesi, mazira osakaniza shuga (mapuloteni kapena yolk), komanso zakudya zonse zomwe zasamalidwa bwino. Zikhoza kukhala mazira, mazira oyamwa komanso ngakhale mazira otukuka. Choncho, madokotala amalimbikitsa kwambiri kuti ayang'anire mosamala za alumali zomwe zimakhala ndi zinthu zotere ndikuzikonzekeretsa kutentha. 
Zizindikiro za kuledzera kwa dzira zimaonekera pakatha masiku oyambirira mutatha kudya chakudya chosafunika.
Kwa odyetsa amapezeka:
- kusanza;
- kunyoza
- kufooka;
- ululu wamimba;
- gastroenteritis yomwe imayambira pambali ya matenda (pamene kutupa kwa mucous nembanemba ya katumbo kakang'ono kumachitika);
- Kutsekula m'mimba (monga lamulo, ndowezo zimakhala zamadzimadzi, zimafanana ndi mpunga madzi osasinthasintha ndipo zimakhala ndi mtundu wobiriwira kapena wachikasu);
- kuwonjezeka kutentha kwa thupi kufika 39-40 °;
- kukonda;
- zizindikiro za kupweteka kwa chiberekero chifukwa cha kutupa njira m'matumbo akulu;
- zopanda;
- kuchepetsa chilakolako;
- Kuphwanya malamulo omwe amagwira ntchito pakati pa mitsempha ya m'magazi (imawonekera poizoni woopsa ndipo imasonyezedwa ndi mutu, chizungulire, kusowa tulo, kusowa mtendere);
- Mavuto a mtima wamtima (kupanikizika kumachepa, kuthamanga kwa thupi ndi kusintha kwa mtima);
- Matenda a bakiteriya ndi sepsis (ndi zizindikiro zotero, zotsatira zake zimapha).
Ndikofunikira! Pofuna kuwonjezera alumali moyo wa mazira kunyumba, mafuta a zipolopolo ndi mafuta a nkhumba, mafuta a masamba kapena mafuta odzola ndi kuwaika m'chipinda chozizizira komwe kutentha kuli pansi pa + 10 ° C. Monga njira yina, mukhoza kukulunga chidutswa chilichonse ndi pepala losalemba ndi kulisunga ndi lakuthwa ndikuphimba ndi kupaka..
Kuwonetseredwa kwa zizindikiro izi kumadalira makamaka chitetezo cha wogwidwa. Koma chifukwa cha dzira lililonse la poizoni, ndikofunika kuteteza thupi kuti lisasokonezeke ndi madzi. 
Chifukwa chaichi, akulimbikitsidwa:
- yankho la "Regidron" kapena "Oralit";
- ochita zamatsenga (opangidwa ndi mpweya, "Smekta", "Polyphepan");
- mankhwala osokoneza bongo (multivitamin complexes, "Methyluracil");
- maantibayotiki omwe amalamulidwa ndi dokotala payekha;
- Kuletsedwa kwa kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa mkaka, ndiwo zamasamba zosakaniza ndi nyama zomwe zimasuta (ndizofunikira kupereka chakudya chopatsa wodwalayo nthawiyi).
Ngati patapita tsiku matendawa akupitirirabe, muyenera, popanda kutaya nthawi, funsani chithandizo chamankhwala.
Fufuzani momwe eggshell ndi mazira yaiwisi ndi othandizira ndi owopsa; Nkhuku za Guinea ndi zinziri.
Sungani moyo wa mazira
Kodi nkhuku ndi zinziri zidzakhala zotalika bwanji nthawi zambiri? chiyambi ndi zosungirako:
- ngati tikukamba za kupanga mafakitale, moyo wothandiza wa zoterezi umangokhala masiku 28-30;
- koma zopangira zokhazokha zimatha kukhalabe ndi chakudya chamtundu uliwonse;
- ngati zofunikira zonse za kutentha ndi chinyezi mu chipindacho zidakumane, ndiye kuti katundu watsopano sangawonongeke ngakhale patapita mwezi (izi zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa malo osungiramo katundu ndi firiji);
- Mazira owiritsa ndi oyenera kwa milungu iwiri (ngati ali ophika kwambiri ndi kusungidwa m'firiji);
- pamene mankhwala ophika ali kutentha kutentha, pambuyo pa maola 48 sangathe kudyedwa;
- ngakhale mu firiji, mazira owiritsa pambuyo pa zofunkha zotentha pambuyo pa masiku awiri;
- pansi pa zifukwa zilizonse, zitsanzo zomwe zimakhala ndi zipolopolo zosweka sizingasungidwe nthawi yaitali (zimalimbikitsidwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito tsiku lomwelo);
- ngati chipolopolocho chikaphwanyidwa panthawi yophika, nthawi yoteroyo ikhoza kukhala mufiriji masiku 4;
- Ngati mwatuta mazira osungira, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito masiku atatu mutakhala firiji;
- Mazira a Isitala sangawonongeke kwa masiku khumi ndi limodzi, kupatula ngati ma tepi achibadwa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa iwo;
- Koma mazira a Isitala, omwe anavekedwa ndi zizindikiro zamagetsi, sangakhale oyenera masiku oposa 17;
- Makope a Isitala mu filimu yotentha ayenera kudyetsedwa mkati mwa masiku atatu.
Mukudziwa? Ngati muli ndi dzira watsopano kwa masiku angapo mu vinyo wosasa wa 9%, chipolopolo chake chidzawumitsa kwambiri moti sichidzasweka ngakhale kumenyedwa kolimba pansi.
Kumene komanso momwe mungasunge mazira
Kusunga zinthu zoterezi, ogula ambiri amakonda chipinda m'zipinda za firiji. Koma akatswiri pa nthawiyi amasonyeza mkwiyo wawo, womwe umakhudzidwa ndi dontho lakutentha lakuthwa. Zikatero, mazirawo amataya mwamsanga zakudya zawo ndipo samaimira mtengo uliwonse wa gastronomic.
Amayi amasiye akudziwitsidwa kuti asankhe mtundu uwu wa malonda malo omwe nthawizonse amazizira. Palibe vuto sayenera kuika teyala mufiriji.
Malangizo a alimi a nkhuku: choyenera kuchita ngati nkhuku zimanyamula mazira ang'onoang'ono kapena kunyamula bwino, chiwerengero cha nkhuku za nkhuku, nthawi ya dzira m'mapiritsi, mavitamini oika nkhuku kuonjezera mazira.
M'friji
Onetsetsani kuti chidutswa chilichonse chiyenera kukhazikika pamalo otetezeka kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuti mazira asakhudze. Ndi bwino kuwasiya iwo mu malo apadera kapena tray, ndikuwafalitsa mu maselo. Musaiwale kutseka chidebe, chifukwa eggshell imakhala yovuta kwambiri kwa fungo lapafupi. Kuchokera m'firiji, imatenga chilichonse chapafupi. 
Onetsetsani kuti kutentha m'chipindamo kuli pamtunda + 2 ... +4 ° С. Musasambe chipolopolo musanachisunge. Kuchita koteroko kumachepetsa moyo wothandiza.
Ndikofunikira! Mukatentha mazira, musataya mankhwala kuchokera kunja kwa friji mumadzi otentha otentha. Mumupatse mphindi khumi kuti muwotche. Izi zidzasunga umphumphu wa chipolopolocho..
Popanda firiji
Ngati mukufuna njira iyi, khalani okonzekera kuti mankhwala atsopano mukasungidwa muzipinda zamakono ndi ulamuliro wa kutentha wa +20 ° C ayenera kudyedwa masiku 20. Kuti asungidwe bwino, mazira amaikidwa m'matumba, kenako amagona. mchenga, utuchi wa utuchi kapena mcherePhimbani ndi nsalu zachilengedwe ndipo mubiseni m'malo amdima. Nkofunika kuti chipinda chili ndi mpweya wabwino.
Nkhuku zina zimalangiza kuti dzira losungirako dzira liyenera kuperekedwa ndi salty brine, yomwe ili yokwanira: 20 magalamu a mchere pa madzi okwanira 1 litre. Mu mawonekedwe awa, iwo adzakhala oyenera masabata anai. 
Onetsetsani kuti mwatsopano ndi kusungidwa mazira: ndemanga
Tsopano mukudziwa kuti mazira amafunika kukhala ndi maganizo abwino pa zosankha zogula ndi kusungirako. Kusanyalanyaza zofunika izi, mukhoza kuchepetsa thanzi lanu ndi okondedwa anu. Tikukhulupirira kuti nkhani yathu idzakuthandizani kupewa ngozi zoterezi.
