Minda yambiri yamaluwa imagwiritsa ntchito mitengo yabwino. Zina zimabzalidwa kuti zikongoletsedwe, zina, zimabala zipatso, kuti zikolole zochuluka.
Zomera zam'munda zokhala ndi masamba ndi masamba zitsamba. Zomera izi zidawonekera mochedwa kuposa ma conifers. Komanso werengani nkhani yokhudza ma conifers. Zipatso pamtengo zimapangidwa chifukwa chakukula kwa thumba losunga mazira.
Mitengo yowola imasiyanasiyana mwa masamba, mitengo yamatabwa, komanso mtengo wamitundu. Komanso Mitundu ina imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zonunkhira.
Mitengo yowola
Mitengo yotsogola ndi chinthu chofunikira popanga nyimbo zam'munda. M'nyengo yozizira ndi chilimwe, kapangidwe kawo kamakhala kosiyana.
Oak
Oak ndi chomera chomwe chimapezeka kumpoto kupita kumtunda.
Mitundu ingapo imamera m'zigawo zotentha.
Pazonse, pali mitundu ya mitundu pafupifupi 600.
Mitundu itatu ya oak ili ponseponse ku Russia: Oak English ku Europe, mwala ku Caucasus ndi Mongolian ku Far East.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Petiole | Imakula m'madera onse aku Europe mpaka ku Urals. Zomera zautali za Photophilous, zofika 40 m kutalika. Amakonzekeretsa nthaka yonyowa. Kubzala kwa acorns kumachitika mu kugwa kapena kumapeto kwa masika. | Oblong, wokhala ndi petioles yaying'ono, wandiweyani, wobiriwira. |
| Kufiyira | Mtengo wotsika ku North America (mpaka 25 m), wokonda malo owala ndi chinyezi chochepa. Chiyembekezo chamoyo chafika zaka 2000. Pewani matenda, musatengeke ndi tizirombo. Chisoti chachifumucho ndi chachikulu. | Pambuyo kutulutsa, ofiira, kenako wobiriwira. Yodzaza ndi zofiirira kapena zofiirira. |
| Chimongolia | Amakula mpaka mamita 30. M'mphepete mwa nyanja ndiyotsika, shrubby. Pewani mphepo yozizira ndi yamphamvu. | Mphepete, ndi petiole yaying'ono, ikukoka kumunsi. |
Acacia
Acacia idachokera kudziko la North America, koma pano amagawidwa padziko lonse lapansi.
Kutalika mpaka 25 m, koma mitengo ya shrubby nthawi zambiri imapezeka.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Zovala pamsewu | Wokonda kutentha, salekerera nthawi yachilimwe youma, koma osazizira bwino kutentha kochepa. Maluwa ndi onunkhira, oyera, mpaka 20 cm. | Zosavala bwino, zobiriwira zakuda. |
| Wagolide | Bushy, mpaka 9-12 m. Inflorescence ndi yoyera kapena chikaso. Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa masika kapena masabata oyamba a chilimwe. | Wobiriwira wopepuka, wachikasu m'dzinja. |
| Silika (Lankaran) | Mtengo wotsika (6-9 m) wokhala ndi korona yofalikira. Limamasula pakati pa chilimwe, maluwa ake ndi oyera ndi oyera. | Openwork, mochedwa maluwa ndipo amakhala pamtengo mpaka Novembala. |
Mtengo wa Birch
Chimodzi mwa mitengo yodziwika bwino ku Russia ndi birch.
Mu chikhalidwe cha Asilavo, zopangidwa kuchokera ku mtengo izi zidapatsidwa mphamvu zamatsenga. Mu wowerengeka ndi mankhwala azikhalidwe, masamba, masamba, makungwa a mitengo amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Birch sap ilinso ndi katundu wochiritsa.
Pafupifupi mitundu 120 ya mtengo uwu imapezeka mwachilengedwe. Ena mwa iwo ndi ochepa, ena amakula mpaka 20 m kapena kupitilira. Zipupa zingakhale chowonjezerapo pakupanga mawonekedwe kwa gawo.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Kalulu | Chomera cha ku Western Europe chotchedwa shrund chomwe chimamera m'chigawo cha tundra, mapiri a kumapiri, kumapiri. Hardy, nyengo yotentha bwino nyengo yozizira. | Kuzungulira, nthawi zambiri m'lifupi umapitilira kutalika. |
| Machi | Makungwa ake ndi oyera, amasintha imvi pakapita nthawi. Kutalika mpaka mamita 20 Nthambi nthawi zonse zimawongoleredwa. Amakonda malo onyowa okhala ndi mchenga wochepa pansi. | Elliptical, yaying'ono, yobiriwira yowala. |
| Kulira | Chomera chokongola chokhala ndi korona wamambalala wakuda ndi nthambi zomwe zimaloza pansi. Wosazindikira, kugonjetsedwa ndi nyengo yozizira. | Kuzungulira, zobiriwira zakuda, zazing'ono. |
Mtengo wamapu
Maple ndi mtengo wokhalitsa wokhala ndi masamba okongola, osinthika bwino ndi kuyambika kwa nthawi yophukira. Tsamba la mapulo likujambulidwa mbendera ya dziko la Canada.
Gawo lalikulu la mitunduyi ndi la kutalika kwapakatikati, koma palinso mitundu ya shrubby. Mapu osiyanasiyana okhala ndi mapu obiriwira nthawi zonse amakula ku Mediterranean.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Munda (chigwa) | Mtengo wokhala ndi mtengo wowongoka kapena wowongoka pang'ono, wopangidwa ndi mizu. Amayamba mizu m'madela akumatauni. | Mtundu wobiriwira, wokhala ndi mbali zisanu; m'dzinja, mtundu umasintha kukhala wachikaso, lalanje, bulauni, ofiira. |
| Zozungulira | Mapulogalamu okongoletsa a mapulo, okhala ndi zokongoletsera mapaki, ma park ndi minda yanyumba. Mawonekedwe achilengedwe a korona ndi ozungulira, safuna kudulira. | Mawonekedwe akuthwa, asanu. |
| Kufiyira | Wotchuka ku Japan, koma woyenera kukula nyengo yamkatikati mwa Russia. | Chofiyira, mumtundu wina wofiirira kapena wamtambo. |
Linden
Linden ndi chomera cha malvaceae am'banja, omwe nthawi zambiri amabzala m'mizinda.
Zimatenga mizu m'mapaki. Amakonza dothi lonyowa, lotentha komanso lotentha.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Tsamba lalikulu | Kugawidwa ku Central Russia, kuli ndi korona wambiri piramidi. Malo okonzera amakhala osasinthika. | Yobiriwira, yobiriwira yakuda, kunsi kwa tsamba kuyera kuposa pamwamba. |
| Wachifwamba | Oyenera madera ozizira, odzichepetsa. Ma inflorescence ndi ochepa, achikaso-oyera. | Zojambula pamtima, zobiriwira zakuya. |
| Achichepere | Limamasula mu Julayi pafupifupi mwezi umodzi. Itha kumera padzuwa komanso pamithunzi. | Ang'ono, ofunda mtima, okhala ndi ngodya zofiira. |
Willow
Zizindikiro za msondodzi wakale zimapezeka pathanthwe la nthawi ya Cretaceous.
Masiku ano pali mitundu yoposa 550 ya mbewuyi, ina mwa yomwe imamera nyengo yovuta kwambiri ku Arctic. Zodziwika kwambiri m'malo ozizira.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Wopanga ndodo | Mtengo wawung'ono wokhala ndi nthambi zazitali, zazitali. Maluwa amachitika kumayambiriro kwa masika. | Wodzikongoletsa (mpaka 20 cm), wowonda, ndi tsitsi lofewa pansi. |
| Siliva | Chomera chomera msanga. | Chojambulira chowaza, chaching'ono, chokhala ndi ubweya wa silvery. |
| Kulira | Amamera ku Europe, ali ndi korona wachi conical wokhala ndi nthambi pansi. Chapakatikati, mtundu wobiriwira, wamisomali pang'ono wamtengo. Amakhala mizu mosavuta m'mizinda, amakonda malo otseguka komanso owala. | Woonda, wonyezimira, wamaluwa. |
Mtengo wa Alder
Mu nthano za anthu a Komi, chowongolera chidalemekezedwa ngati mtengo wopatulika, ndipo ku Ireland kudula chomera ichi kumawonedwa ngati mlandu.
Pafupifupi mitundu 40 ya alder imapezeka padziko lapansi, yambiri imakhala yotentha.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Green | Chomera chamtchire, malo omwe kumadzulo kwa Europe ndi mapiri a Carpathian. Ndikotheka kukula paminda yamaluwa ndi dothi lamchenga, dongo. Zoyenera kukhala ndi masitepe okhala ndi nyengo yozizira. | Ang'ono, ovoid, analoza. |
| Wagolide | Imakula mpaka mamita 20. Korona amakhala wozungulira, nthawi zina amakhala wofanana. Nyengo yamdothi silivomereza bwino. | Green-golide, kutembenukira chikasu phukusi. |
| Siberia | Chimamera ku Far East, chimakonda madera pafupi ndi mitsinje kapena nkhalango zachilengedwe. Pali mitengo komanso zitsamba zonse. Imalekerera chisanu champhamvu, sichimatulutsa. | Wobiriwira wowoneka bwino, wocheperako, wokhala ndi malekezero ake. |
Mtengo wa Elm
Mtengo wamtali, wamtali womwe umapezeka m'nkhalango zowuma. Malinga ndi asayansi, ma elamu oyamba adawoneka pa Earth zaka zoposa 40 miliyoni zapitazo.
Tsopano mbewuzi zimatha kuwoneka m'nkhalango zakumwera ndi m'mapaki, mumsewu wapakati. Oyenera kukula m'minda.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Choperewera | Imapezeka ku nkhalango za ku Central Asia. Mitengo ina imakula mpaka mamita 30. Imalekerera nyengo yofunda, koma kukula kumathandizira munthaka yonyowa. | Chikopa, chobiriwira, chomwe chili ndi m'mata. |
| Olimba mtima | Ili ndi korona yofalikira, imakonda malo opondera. | Yofiirira, chobiriwira chobiriwira, chosiyana, mpaka 12 cm. |
| Elm Androsova | Mtundu wosakanizidwa wa elm womwe umalimidwa ku Asia. Ili ndi korona wozungulira. | Ovoid, osalingana, wopaka utoto wakuda. |
Poplar
Mtengo wa popula ndi mitengo yayitali, yomwe ikukula mwachangu zomwe zimasinthana bwino ndi mizinda. Amamera m'malo otentha a America, Asia ndi Europe.
Kutalika kwa mbewuzi nthawi zambiri kumapitirira zaka 150. Anthu ambiri amakumana ndi zovuta pa popula fluff (tsitsi lofewa kuchokera ku bokosi la mbewu), ndiye mitengo yaimuna yokha ndiyofunika kubzalidwe m'dimba.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Choyera | Osadzimvera, umalekerera bwino kutentha ndi kuzizira. Ili ndi korona wambiri, wozungulira pang'ono. | Mu mitengo yaying'ono, imafanana ndi mitengo ya mapulo, pambuyo pake imakhala ndi ovoid mawonekedwe. Wonenepa, wokhala ndi phesi lalitali. |
| Zonunkhira | Mtengo wa ku Asia wolephera kuzizira kwambiri. Samakhala mizu m'mizinda. | Leathery, oval, mpaka 10 cm. |
| Tsamba lalikulu | Chomera chokonda dzuwa, koma chokonda dothi. Imalekerera chisanu mosavuta komanso chilimwe chouma. Pazokongoletsa, zobzalidwa chifukwa cha masamba achilendo. | Chachikulu (mpaka 25 cm), cholimba, cha gloss, chojambula pamtima. |
Mtengo wa phulusa
M'masiku akale, phulusa limalemekezedwa ngati chomera chachimuna, choncho zida nthawi zambiri zimapangidwa kuchokera ku nkhuni zake. Zipangizo zamasewera, mipando, zida zamaimbidwe zimapangidwa kuchokera mtengo uwu. Zipatso ndi makungwa zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala.
Imakula msanga ndipo imatha kutalika mamita 60. Mizu yake ndi yotakata kwambiri, ndikupita pansi mobisa.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Zofala | Ma inflorescence samayimira mtengo wokongoletsa, koma mtengowo ungagwiritsidwe ntchito kupaka mapaki ndi maluwa okongola. | Mtundu wobiriwira, wokhala ndi mbali zisanu, wosavuta. M'dzinja alibe nthawi yosintha mtundu kukhala wachikasu, amayamba kugwa mwachangu. |
| Choyera | Mtengo wawung'ono, wokula pang'onopang'ono wokhala ndi korona wozungulira. Chapakatikati chimakutidwa ndi maluwa onunkhira, amawoneka mochititsa chidwi m'mapaki. | Oblong, ovoid, wobiriwira. |
Hornbeam
Mitengo yotambalala, yodziwika bwino m'nkhalango za ku Europe ndi Asia.
Imakhala ndi korona wamitundu yosanja, yolingana bwino kwambiri ndi ziwembuzo za m'munda. Kutalika sikapitilira 20 m, ndipo chiyembekezo chazaka pafupifupi 150.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Pyramidal | Mtengo wooneka ngati fumbi wokhala ndi korona wofalikira (mpaka 8 m), wokula mpaka 20 m. | Amapangidwa ndi dzira, mpaka 10cm kutalika ndi 6 cm mulifupi. |
| Kummawa | Mtengo wocheperako, nthawi zambiri wamapiri womwe umapezeka ku Asia ndi ku Caucasus. Wokonda kutentha, osasinthidwa kuti kuzizirira kuzizira. | Oval, pointed, gloss. Kusintha kwa utoto wa utoto kukhala utoto wa mandimu. |
| Zachikondi | Amamera m'dera la Far East. Pewani mphamvu zamphamvu za mphepo. Wosazindikira nthaka. | Mtundu wobiriwira, ovoid, wosintha mtundu wa Seputembayi kukhala wodera kapena wofiyira. |
Mfuwa ya kavalo
Mfuwa ya mahatchi ndi mtengo womwe umamera bwino dothi lakuya komanso lachonde. Mitundu yonse ndi yabwino kwambiri uchi.
Mfuwa ya mahatchi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuyambira kalekale.
Zodziwika kwambiri ndi mitundu yayitali yamatanda yomwe siyili yoyenera kuminda yaying'ono. Komabe, pali mitundu ina yaing'ono yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito popanga mawonekedwe.
| Onani | Kufotokozera | Masamba |
| Maluwa ochepa | Chomera cha Shrub, chomwe kwawo ndi United States. Kutalika mpaka 4 m, m'lifupi 4-5 m. | Chachikulu (mpaka 22 cm m'litali), chodzaza ndi zisanu, chobiriwira, chosintha chikaso pofika nthawi yophukira. |
| Pavia (wofiyira) | Chitsamba chofunda chomwe chikukula pang'onopang'ono ndi khungwa lowala ndi korona wandiweyani. Imakhala ndi inflorescence yowala ya vinyo-ofiira owoneka bwino. | Zoyala zisanu, zokhala ndi m'mphepete mozungulira komanso m'mitsempha yowonekera. |
Zipatso
Pakati pa mitengo yazipatso, mitengo yabwino ndi zitsamba, komanso masamba obiriwira, zimapezeka. 
Plum
Pali mitundu yambiri ya zipatso padziko lapansi. 
Cherry
Mitengo ya apulo, ma plums ndi ma cherries mwabwinobwino m'maboma a Russia, koma mitengo ina siyolimbana ndi chisanu ndipo imazika mizu pakati.
Irga
Chomerachi chimalekerera bwino nyengo yotentha ya ku Siberia ndipo sichifunikira chisamaliro chovuta. Zipatso za mabulosi mabulosi ambiri zili ndi vitamini C, ma asidi, ma tannins.
Kuti mupeze zokolola zochuluka, irgi amabzalidwa pamalo otseguka, dzuwa, osungira mtunda pakati pa tchire pafupifupi 3 m.
Hazel
Hazel imadziwikanso kuti Hazel. Chitsamba chosakonda, chosakonda dzuwa kubala zipatso kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena koyambirira. Ma Hazelnuts amatchedwa ma hazelnuts.
Amakhala ndi thanzi labwino kwambiri, ali ndi mafuta ofunikira ndipo ali ndi zinthu zambiri zofunikira. Kuti muchulukitse zokolola, ndikuwonjezera zimachitika zaka ziwiri zilizonse.
Hawthorn
Chitsamba chowola, nthawi zambiri mtengo wotsika. Nthawi zambiri hawthorn amakulitsidwa kuti azikongoletsa, koma zipatso zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati mankhwala.
Amayang'anira ntchito ya mtima, amathandiza kulimbana ndi kupuma movutikira ndipo ndiwothandiza matenda a chithokomiro.
Honeysuckle
Padziko lapansi pali mitundu yoposa 200 ya honeysuckle. Kuthengo, imamera m'malo a Asia. Zomera izi ndi mitengo ndi zitsamba.
Garden honeysuckle nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popangira zokongoletsera.
Maula, chitumbuwa, chitumbuwa cha mbalame, chitumbuwa chokoma
Zomera izi zimasiyanitsidwa ndi maluwa okongola komanso oyera kapena oyera-oyera pinki. 
Chitumbuwa cha mbalame
Amakonda malo okhala ndi dzuwa komanso otseguka.Kumapeto kwam'mlengalenga amathandizira kusinthasintha kwatsopano m'munda, ndipo zipatso zake zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuphika. 
Chitumbuwa chokoma
Oldberry
Mitundu yomwe imakonda kwambiri ndi Blackberry wakuda, koma Marginata ndi Aurea ndi oyenera kutengera minda.
Oldberry amabzala m'malo a dzuwa kapena pamthunzi wowala, wopalidwa ndi odulidwa.
Phulusa laphiri
Phulusa lamapiri ndi mtengo wotsika wa banja la Yablonev, lofala ku Europe ndi North America. Pafupifupi mitundu 100 imawerengeredwa, koma ku Russia phulusa laphiri wamba limapezeka kwambiri.
Sifunika chisamaliro chovuta, chimawoneka chowoneka bwino nthawi ya chilimwe komanso yophukira. Zipatso zimakhala ndi kufufuza zinthu (potaziyamu, mkuwa, chitsulo, zinki, magnesium), mavitamini, dzuwa ndi amino acid.
Mtengo wa apulo
M'minda ya ku Russia mutha kupeza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitengo ya maapulo - yokhala ndi zipatso zoyera, zofiira, zapinki. Nthawi yamaluwa imakhala mu Epulo kapena Meyi.
Mitengo ya Apple imafalitsidwa ndikupeza mitengo yatsopano yomwe yabzalidwa pamalo otseguka ndi dzuwa.
Peach
Kulima pichesi kumadzetsa zowawa, ndipo nthawi yotalikirapo ya mbewuyi ndiyifupi. Sali oyenera dera la Moscow komanso zigawo zonse zapakati.
Peach imakula m'mitunda yofunda, ndikupatsa mtundu kumayambiriro kwa chaka - mu Januwale kapena February. Maluwa a mtengowo amayamba masamba asanakwane.
Zomera zobiriwira nthawi zonse
Popanga minda yanyumba, mitengo yobiriwira kapena yobiriwira imagwiritsidwanso ntchito. Masiku ano pali mitundu yambiri ya mitengo ndi zitsamba zomwe zimatha kukongoletsa malowa ndi korona wawo watsopano komanso wowala kwa chaka chathunthu.
Rhododendron
Mitundu yoposa 600 ya rhododendron imamera padziko lapansi, ina mwa iyo ndi yokhazikika, ndipo ina imakhala yobiriwira nthawi zonse. Imodzi mwamasamba otchuka kwambiri ndi azalea.
Azaleas ndi thermophilic, amafuna chisamaliro mosamala, amafunikira nthaka ya acidic ndi feteleza wokhazikika.
Boxwood
Chomera chomwe chimakula pang'onopang'ono, chomera ku Russia makamaka pagombe la Black Sea.
Chimodzi mwa zitsamba zakale kwambiri zomwe amagwiritsa ntchito kutchera mitengo. Popeza boxwood imalekerera kudulira mosavuta, ndioyenera kupanga mipanda ndi nyimbo zopangidwa mwaluso.
Euonymus
Mtengo wawung'ono wokhala ndi korona wopanikizika ndi masamba ang'onoang'ono omwe apakidwa utoto wowala komanso wachilendo pakuphukira
Palinso mitundu ikuluikulu, korona wake yemwe amatha kufikira mamilimita 10. Pakukongoletsa masamba, mitundu yamtundu wocheperako ndi mitundu yambiri yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino, yoluka mipanda ndi mipanda.
Magnolia
Chomera chakale chomwe chidawonekera nthawi ya Cretaceous. Malo okhala zachilengedwe ndi East Asia ndi North America.
Magnolia atchire amakula pachilumba cha Russia cha Kunashir.M'madera akumwera, amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati malo okhala mizinda, obzalidwa m'malo achinsinsi.
Kusiyanitsa pakati pa kutsimikiza ndi kukhazikika
Zomera zotsogola zimasiyana ndi ma conifere osati mu mawonekedwe a masamba ndi mawonekedwe pofalikira. Pali ma conifers, masamba awo omwe safanana ndi singano, ndipo ena a iwo (mwachitsanzo, larch) sakhala a evergreens, chifukwa nthawi zina zimakhala zosavuta kudziwa mtundu wa mbewu.
Kusiyana kwakukulu:
- Pali mitundu yambiri yazomera zowola, pomwe ma conifers amaphatikizidwa m'gulu limodzi. M'mbuyomu, yews adagawidwa ku gulu lachiwiri, koma tsopano asayansi adasiya gawoli.
- Zomera zachilengedwe ndizokulirapo ndipo sizikhala ndi maluwa. Nthawi zonse amakhala wamwamuna kapena wamkazi.
- Zosavuta kuzolowera nyengo zosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimatha kukula m'malo ovuta kwambiri.
Ngakhale pali zosiyana zomwe zilipo, mitundu yonseyi imatha kukhalapo pafupi ndi inzake, motero nthawi zambiri imakhala yophatikizidwa panthawi yopanga malowa. Zodziwika bwino zodzikongoletsera - cypress, mkungudza, thuja, mlombwa.
Mr. Chilimwe akudziwitsa: mitengo yabwino pamadera
Mitengo ndi gawo limodzi pakupanga mawonekedwe. Panyumba, mitundu ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya micros, komanso katswiri wamba kapena chowongolera, imatha kuwoneka modabwitsa.
Kuti mupange tsambalo moyenera, muyenera kutsatira malamulo osavuta:
- Kutalika kwa mtengowo kuyenera kufanana ndi dera la munduyo.
- Oak, elm ndi mitundu ina yayikulu imakhala ndi mizu yakuya, kotero imatha kupukuta pansi kwambiri.
- Maonekedwe a korona amatha kutsindika kapena kuphwanya chisomo cha zomangamanga. Kupanga kapangidwe ka gawo, ganizirani za kukula kwa nthambi.
Zomera zambiri zowumitsa sizifuna kukonzedwa kovuta, koma zimatha kuyambiranso mmunda ndikupanga malowa kukhala okongola komanso achilendo.
