Amorphophallus ndi chomera chachikulu kuchokera ku mtundu wa Aroid. Malo omwe amakhala ndi malo otsetsereka komanso otentha kwambiri. Mitundu yambiri ya banja ili imamera pamiyala, m'nkhalango zachiwirili, ndi maudzu.
Kufotokozera
Banja la amorphophallus lili ndi mitundu yokwana zana yomwe imasiyana mosiyanasiyana ndi ma peduncles. Amakula kuchokera ku tuber yolemera mpaka makilogalamu 90, omwe amangogwira ntchito kwa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi yokha pachaka, nthawi yonseyo "kupuma". Mbali yake ya mlengalenga ndi mphukira yamphamvu yokhala ndi tsamba lalikulu, losanjidwa ndi duwa.
Mitundu yolimidwa m'nyumba
Zomera zamkati zamtunduwu zimangokhala ndi mitundu yochepa chabe ya amorphophallus. Gawo lam'munsi la cob limakhala ndi maluwa ambiri.
Chipinda chovundikira chobiriwira chimakhala chobiriwira kunja komanso chofiyira chakuda mkati, chofanana ndi masiketi otukulidwa. Panthawi ya maluwa, matenthedwe apamwamba amtunduwu umayamba kutentha mpaka +40 digiri Celsius, chifukwa pamakhala fungo losasangalatsa kuzungulira, kukongoletsa oponyera mungu.
Kukula kwamadzimadzimadzima kwa masiku 30, kenako kumatsegukira modzidzimutsa usiku umodzi. Pambuyo pa maluwa masiku angapo, kukhulupirika kwa pamwamba pa chifuyo kuphwanyidwa, ndipo zipatso-zipatso zimawonekera pansi.
Kucha - kukula kwa chitumbuwa, kukhala ndi mtundu wowala wa lalanje. The tuber ndi yayikulu, mpaka 90 kg. Tsamba limakhala lalitali mamita 6, ndipo korona wokhala ndi mainchesi opitilira mamitala anayi, amafa patatha pafupifupi chaka chimodzi ndi theka.
| Onani | Zosiyanitsa |
| Amorphophallus cognac (mtsinje) | Khutu la lilac hue lokhala ndi chivundikiro cha petal. Pansi pa peduncle, maluwa a akazi onse amawoneka. Tsamba ndilobiriwira, lopangidwa mwamphamvu, lofanana ndi ambulera. Mu chomera chamkati, inflorescence imatha kukhala mpaka 80 masentimita, kutalika kwa tsamba ndi m'mimba mwake sikuli oposa 1 mita. Dawo la tuber ndi mpaka masentimita 30. Kufalikira kwa duwa kumachitika ndi ma tubers. |
| Amorphophallus bulbous | Spadix mpaka 30 cm ndi pinki petal bedpread, nthawi zina ndi zobiriwira zobiriwira. Masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino okhala ndi gawo lozungulira komanso petiole. Kubalana kumachitika ndi mababu. Zotsalazo ndizofanana ndi amorphophallus cognac. |
| Titanium | Kutalika, duwa limafikira oposa 3 mita, kulemera - 70 makilogalamu. Chifukwa cha kukula kwake kwakukulu, Amorphophallus ndi wa titanic womwe umamera m'minda ya botanical yokha. Mu zachilengedwe pafupifupi sizimakula. |
| Amorphophallus mpainiya | Zofanana ndi titanic, koma zazing'ono. Malinga ndi chitukuko cha peduncle, tsamba ndi ma tubers, cognac ndiyofanana ndi amorphophallus. |
Kusamalira Panyumba
Zomera zikuyenera kupereka mtundu wofanana ndi dziko lakwawo. Maluwa ndi odzichepetsa, kulolera kusintha kwamwadzidzidzi kutentha, kukonzekera, kusowa kwa kuwala. Mdima umapangitsa masamba kukhala gawo lobiriwira lakuda ndi chingwe chofiira m'mphepete. M'mikhalidwe yabwino, amorphophallus amayikidwa mumsewu.
| Choyimira | Malangizo |
| Malo | Pafupi ndi zenera lakumwera chakum'mawa kapena njira yakumwera. Kumpoto chakum'mawa ndikofunikira. |
| Kuwala | Kuwala kowala koma kosakanikirana kumakondedwa. Panthawi yopuma, kukhala wodetsa nkofunikira. |
| Kutentha | Nthawi yakula kuyambira +20 mpaka +23 madigiri, kupumula kwa nthawi yozizira kuyambira +11 mpaka +13. Kutentha kotsika kumayipitsa mbewu. |
| Chinyezi cha mpweya | Chinyezi chachikulu chimakonda. Kupopera mankhwalawa kumafunikira. |
Kubweretsa, kufalikira (gawo ndi sitepe)
Amorphophallus m'malo mwa mphukira iliyonse mvula ikadzuka. Kukula kwake kuyenera kukhala kwakukulu kuposa tuber, yemweyo m'mimba mwake ndi kutalika. Miphika ya ceramic imakondedwa chifukwa ndi yolimba kwambiri.
Njira zazikulu zoyikitsira:
- Konzani chidebe chatsopano. Tsekani dzenje lamadzi ndi chidutswa cha mphika wouma.
- Dzazani chidebe ndi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a madziwo - chisakanizo cha dongo labwino kwambiri, mchenga wowuma ndi njerwa zosalimba. Onjezani gawo latsopanolo, lopangidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda pakati pa thankiyo.
- Konzani tubers. Lambulani ndi mpeni wokhala ndi zodetsa. Chitani magawo ndi ayodini, kuwaza ndi choko chophwanyika. Siyani kuti mupume kwa maola angapo.
- Pangani dzenje laling'ono m'nthaka, mudzaze ndi mchenga ndikumiza gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a tuber momwemo. Onjezani dothi kuphimba tuber, kungosiya malo okula pamwamba. Thirirani duwa pang'ono ndikuyika pamalo owala, koma osayang'aniridwa mwachindunji. Onjezani dothi ngati pakufunika.
Dothi
Amorphophallus amakonda nthaka yopanda chonde. Mutha kugula dothi lopangidwa kale ndi ma Aroids kapena kukonza gawo lapansi nokha, mwachitsanzo, dothi lamchenga ndi mchenga wokwanira 4: 1. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kuwonjezera superphosphate 10 g pa 1.5 l ya gawo lapansi.
Kuthirira ndi kudyetsa
Pambuyo poika, kuthilira ndikofunikira koyamba moyenera, poyambira kukula - zochulukirapo.
Mu nthawi yamasamba - pambuyo pang'ono kuyanika kwapamwamba. Pambuyo podzuka, duwa limafunikira chinyezi komanso kuvala mwadongosolo. Mukathirira ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, madzi ofatsa okha ndi osangalatsa omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Pakatha masabata 4 kuchokera pamene mbande yoyamba idayamba, muyenera kuyamba kudyetsa ndi masiku 10. Mphindi zochepa musanvale, thirirani chomera. Koposa zonse, amafunikira phosphorous ndi potaziyamu pang'ono ndi nayitrogeni pazotsatira 4: 1: 1. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kusinthira feteleza wama mchere ndi organic omwe. Kuchokera kwachilengedwe, kulowetsedwa kwa manyowa owola kapena ndowe zojambulidwa ndi madzi ndizoyenera (20: 1).
Nthawi yamaluwa ndi matalala
Amorphophallus imayamba kuphuka mchaka ikadzuka, ndikupitilira mpaka tsamba litapangidwa. Nthawi yamaluwa imakhala pafupifupi masiku 14. Pakadali pano, tuber imakhala yochepetsedwa chifukwa chomwa michere. Maluwa atakwanira, mbewuyo imalowanso mu "kupumula" kwakanthawi kwa mwezi umodzi kuti ikabwezeretse zomwe ili mkati ndikupanga tsamba laling'ono.
Mphukira ina imakula chaka chamawa, chokulirapo komanso chachitali. Matalala ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakuyambira kwa amorphophallus. Ndikofunikira pachomera kuti tuber ipezenso mphamvu. Munthawi imeneyi, chidebe chomwe chili ndi tuber chiyenera kuyikidwa m'malo osinthika, kutentha kuchokera +10 C mpaka +14 C. Nthawi yothirira imachepa.
Ngati mungu umachulika nthawi ya maluwa, zipatso zomwe zimakhala ndi nthangala zimawonekera pamunsi pa cob. Pambuyo kukhwima, mbewu imafa. Pazomera zanyumba, izi ndizowopsa kwambiri, chifukwa ndizovuta kukwaniritsa mungu m'malo osakhala duwa. Onetsetsani kuti mwaphuka maluwa awiri amtundu umodzi m'malo amodzi.
Mphukira itafota, mutha kuchotsa tuber m'nthaka, kusenda, kudula mbali zonse, kupukuta magawo ndi makala opera, ndikusintha njira ya potaziyamu permanganate, youma. Kenako kukulani pepala ndi sitolo m'malo otetezedwa mpaka nthawi yoyambira.
Njira zolerera
Duwa limafalitsidwa mochulukitsa komanso mochuluka. Njira zake zimasiyanitsidwa ndi tuber ya amayi, pomwe mbewuyo "ndikupumula". Amatsukidwa, kusungidwa kwa mphindi zingapo m'njira yofooka yokhala ndi potaziyamu, wouma ndikusungidwa mpaka kasupe mumchenga wonyowa kapena wokutidwa pepala.
Kutentha kwakukulu kosungirako kumachokera ku +10 C mpaka +13 C. Mu nthawi ya masika, pomwe mphukira zatsopano zimamera, zimabzalidwa m'mbale. Ngati mai tuber amakhalabe nthawi yachisanu m'nthaka, ndiye kuti ana amapatulidwa m'chaka. Ndi mababu, machitidwe omwewo amachitidwa.
Ndikotheka kugawa tuber kuti iberekane panthawi yakudzuka. Kuti muchite izi, uyenera kudulika mbali zingapo malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zophukira, osawakhudza. Thirani magawo ndi makala opera, mpweya wouma ndi chomera mwanjira zonse. Pakati pa njirayi, gwiritsani ntchito mpeni wakuthwa bwino, wotsuka bwino.
Kukula zovuta
Zovuta zazikulu za duwa zimalumikizidwa ndi kuthirira kosayenera. Zolakwika zina zimawononga mawonekedwe okongoletsa a pepalali.
Matenda, tizirombo
Itha kukhudzidwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba kapena nthata za akangaude. Popewa kufalikira kwa nsabwe za m'masamba, chidebe chomwe chili ndi duwa chiyenera kutetezedwa kuzomera zopatsirana. Choyambitsa cha kangaude ndi mpweya wowuma.
Madontho oyera ang'onoang'ono amawoneka pamwamba pa pepalalo, ndipo timinsalu ting'onoting'ono ndi ma cobwebs timawonekera pansi pake. Kuti mupewe vutoli, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa komanso chinyontho chowonjezera ndizofunikira.
Tizirombo titha kuthana ndi kugwiritsa ntchito Fitoverm pogwiritsa ntchito kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi masiku 10. Mankhwalawa athandizira kuchotsa ma midges omwe amawoneka pansi ndikuthirira kwambiri. Pankhaniyi, kukonzekera kumakonkhedwa ndi dothi mumphika.
Zolakwika pakuchoka
| Vutoli | Chifukwa |
| Mawanga amdima pa tuber ndi m'munsi mwa petiole, yomwe imayamba kufulumira. | Kuthirira kwambiri kapena kutentha pang'ono. |
| Tsamba limawuma. | Kupanda feteleza kapena mpweya wouma kwambiri. |
| Tsamba limadetsedwa. | Palibe kuwala kokwanira. |
| Tsamba limakutidwa ndi mawanga owala. | Dzuwa. |
Pindulani ndi kuvulaza
Amorphophallus imachotsera poizoni, ma benzenes, phenols ndi formaldehydes, staphylococci, ma virus ndi mabakiteriya oyipa. Kukhala pafupi ndi chomera ichi ndikofunika kwa iwo omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima, matumbo omatira, komanso omwe ali ndi mavuto amtundu wamatsenga. Zinthu zothandizira komanso zotsutsana ndi kupanikizika zimamasulidwa pamasamba ake kupita mumlengalenga.
Pazomera zam'nyumba, izi zoyambira sizimakonda. Mu chaka chimodzi, kuchokera ku maluwa osiririka, pang'onopang'ono amasintha kukhala mtengo wofanana ndi ambulera yofanana ndi mtengo wa kanjedza, kenako nkukhala mbatata ya mbatata.
