Rapis (rhapis) - mtundu wa kanjedza yokongoletsera. Amatanthauziridwa kuchokera ku Chigriki kutanthauza "ndodo". Dzina limeneli linali chifukwa cha thunthu la thunthu, lofanana ndi ndodo. Amachokera ku China ndi ku Japan.
Kawirikawiri, mtengo wa kanjedza wa Rapis ungapezeke m'maofesi. Amamva bwino kunyumba ndipo amachititsa kuti zinthu zisapitirire.
Kuwonjezera pa nkhaniyi tidzakambirana za kugwiriridwa ndi kugwiriridwa kwakukulu: kusamalira kunyumba, zithunzi, tizirombo ndi matenda.
Mitundu
Amawerengedwa pafupifupi mitundu 15. Kunyumba, kumakula pafupifupi zaka 230. Zimayambira palm Rapis yogwiritsidwa ntchito popanga maambulera ndi zingwe. Ambiri ndiwo mitundu iwiri. Kusiyana kwakukulu kwambiri ndi kukula.
Wamtali (Rhapis excelsa)
Mitundu imeneyi ikukula mpaka mamita 3 mamita, ndipo ali woyenera kulima kunyumba kapena ku ofesi. Kulemera kwake kwa mitengo ikuluikulu, kuchoka pa msana, sikuposa 3-4 masentimita. Zomwe zimayambira zimaphimba mapepala a mafinya - izi ndizitsamba za petioles za masamba. The scape ndi yopyapyala ndi yaing'ono, pafupifupi 25-35 masentimita.
Masamba mpweya wofiira, utali wofiira, umakwana 27-32 masentimita, m'lifupi - 3-5 masentimita. Amadulidwa mu 5-7 lobes ndi mitsempha amawonekera kutalika. Pamwamba pa pepalayo muli mdima. Inflorescence imadutsa masentimita 25, ili ndi mawonekedwe a axillary. Kunyumba ndizosatheka kukwaniritsa maluwa.
Motherland Mitundu imeneyi - nkhalango zachilengedwe za ku Japan.
Mtengowo ndi wamtali: Chithunzi cha chomera.
Low (Rhapis humilis)
Mitunduyi ndi yapamtunda kuposa yam'mbuyo, imakula msinkhu. mpaka mamita 2. Zimayambira ndi zoonda, ndi masentimita 1-2 masentimita pamwamba pake. Ali ndi petiole, 25-30 masentimita.
Masamba kudula pafupifupi kumunsi kwa magawo 6-8. M'kupita kwa nthawi, pepala imakula ndi masentimita 20-25, zovuta kwambiri. Pamwamba pa pepalayo muli mdima. Inflorescence ndi mawonekedwe a axillary.
Habitat kuthengo - madera otentha a kum'mwera kwa China.
Rapis: chithunzi chochepa.
Kusamalira kwanu
Rapis zosavuta kuyeretsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito moyenera pa maofesi a zamasamba kapena nyumba zapakhomo, amakula bwino m'minda yachisanu. Palm, yosamala bwino, ikhoza kusamba. Maluwa amapanga mthunzi woyera kapena waminyanga. Koma maluwa ndi osowa kwambiri.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa mutagula
Mutagula Rapisu kudzipatula kumafunika. Iye amalekerera mopweteka kusintha kwa malo. Mtedza uwu ndi wokongola kwambiri, koma mwamsanga ukatha kugula umayenera kuikidwa mumthunzi. Pambuyo masiku 7-10, mutha kusintha pang'onopang'ono malo kuti muunikire kwambiri. Patapita masiku asanu ndi awiri, akhoza kutenga malo ake osatha.
Kusamuka koteroko kuchokera ku penumbra kupita ku kuwala kumathandiza kupeŵa matenda ndi kukhala molimba mtima kumalo atsopano.
Kuunikira
Rapis amakonda kuunikira bwino. Ikhoza ngakhale kutengera kuwala kwa dzuwa m'mawa. Kotero, malo abwino kwambiri adzakhala mawindo akuyang'ana kum'maŵa. Kuyika mtengo wa kanjedza kumawindo akumwera, kumeta ndi kofunikira. Dzuwa lodyera likhoza kuwotcha masamba. Kuti korona ikupangidwe moyenera Rapis imafunika kusintha nthawi ndi nthawi.
M'miyezi ya chilimwe, mtengo wamtengo wa kanjedza ndi wofunikira kuti uchite mpweya wabwino. Kufunika kokha kukonzekera malo omangira.
Kutentha
M'miyezi ya chilimwe chipindacho chiyenera kukhala zosapitirira madigiri 22. Komanso chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndicho kuyimba.
M'nyengo yozizira Ndibwino kuti musunge Rapis mu chipinda chochepa. Kutentha sikuyenera kupitirira madigiri 16, komanso kugwa pansi pa madigiri 10.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Palibe zofunikira za chinyezi. M'chilimweMu nyengo youma, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kumachitika 1-2 pa sabata ndi madzi olekanitsidwa kupewa kupezeka kwa nsonga za masamba.
M'miyezi yoyambilira ndi yozizira kupopera mbewu mankhwala sikuchitidwa.
Kuthirira
Zosowa mu kuthirira moyenera. Rapis silingalole nthaka youma komanso kutentha kwambiri. M'miyezi ya chilimwe, kuthirira kumachitika masiku atatu aliwonse, nthaka mu mphika ikhale yonyowa.
M'nyengo yozizira kuthirira kuchepa. Ndikwanira kuthirira masiku khumi ndi awiri.
Pofuna kuthira nthaka, madzi otentha omwe amatha kutentha amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Feteleza (kuvala)
M'chaka ndi chilimwe Manyowa amagwiritsidwa ntchito kunthaka kamodzi kamodzi masabata awiri. Organic mineral feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'nyumba zamkati.
M'miyezi yoyambilira ndi yozizira simukusowa kudyetsa kwina.
Kuwaza
Mphanga imabzalidwa ngati pakufunika pafupifupi kamodzi pakatha zaka zinayi. Mu chomera chachikulu, chaka ndi chaka kusinthanitsa dothi pamwamba pa mphika ndilofunika. Njira ina yosinthitsa ndikutumizira mbewu ku mphika watsopano.
Kufika kumagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino. asidi pang'ono kapena ndale osakaniza. Mu sitolo ya maluwa mungagule nthaka yokonzekera mitengo ya kanjedza. Podzikonzekera nokha, muyenera kusakaniza timtunda, kompositi ndi peat nthaka ndi mchenga mu chiŵerengero cha 1: 1: 1: 2.
Kukula
Rapis imachulukitsa m'njira ziwiri - izi ndi chithandizo cha mbewu ndi chigawo cha rhizome.
Kufalitsa mbewu - m'malo mwake ndondomeko yamagetsi. Pofuna kubzala mbeu mu March, mbewu zimabzalidwa ndikupukuta bwino nthaka. Onetsetsani kuti muphimbe ndi pulasitiki kapena kuika galasi ndikuyika m'malo amdima. Nthaŵi zambiri, nthaka iyenera kupopedwa. Pambuyo pa miyezi 2-3, ziphuphu zing'onozing'ono ziwoneka. Pogwiritsa ntchito masamba angapo, chomera china chimayikidwa mu mphika wosiyana.
Mtengo wamtengo wapatali umatha kufalitsidwa mu April-May chigawenga. Kuti muchite izi, gawo la tsinde ndi mizu, ndi dziko lapansili, imasinthidwa mu mphika watsopano.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Masamba otsika ndi otsika amasonyeza kuthira madzi okwanira. Akufunika kuwonjezera kuthirira.
Mukamayanika nsonga za masamba Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa n'kofunika. Izi zimachitika pamene mpweya uli wouma.
About darkening ndi wilting wa masamba akuti kutsika kwapafupi. Pofuna kuthetsa matendawa, muyenera kutentha kutentha.
Ndi kusowa kwa mchere mu nthaka kumawonedwa kukula kochepa. Ndikofunika kuti manyowa awonongeke.
Ngati achinyamata masamba pachimake mwamsangandiye izi zikuwonetsa kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka. Pamene mizu ikutha, masamba amafota ndikugwa mwamsanga. Pachifukwa ichi, mukuyenera kuchotsa chomeracho mumphika ndikudula mizu yonse yovunda. Pukutani mizu pansi pa madzi ndikupanga nkhuni phulusa. Kenaka pendani mu mphika ndi nthaka yatsopano, ndikupereka madzi abwino.
Za tizirombo zimachitika kangaude mite, scale ndi mealybug. Pogonjetsedwa ndi kangaude, kabokosi kakang'ono kamene kadzaoneka pakati pa masamba. Pa masamba okha amayamba kukula brown specks, kenako akugwa.
Shchitovka amawoneka ngati miyendo yakuda. Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa chishango pali kuphulika mofulumira kwa mbali yobiriwira ya chomera.
Kugonjetsedwa mealybug Friffy patina idzawonekera pa masamba.
Kuletsa tizirombo tomwe timagwiritsa ntchito sopo kapena sopo. Ngati kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu, kuli koyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ogulidwa mu sitolo yapadera.
Palma Rapis amawoneka opindulitsa kwambiri m'chipindamo kunyumba kapena pa masitepe. Iye akhoza kukongoletsa malo alionse. Ndipo ndi chisamaliro choyenera chidzakondweretsa diso kwa zaka zambiri.
Mu kanema iyi muli chithunzi cha zithunzi za kanjedza Rapis.
