Cherry ndi "mtima" zipatso - Lebedyanskaya kalasi

Khalani ndi Lebedyanskaya ali ndi zokolola zabwino - makilogalamu 7 a zipatso za mtengo umodzi. Zipatso zimafanana ndi mawonekedwe a mitima.

Ili ndi malangizo ozungulira. Mtengo uli kutalika, kufika mamita 3,0-3.5. Yofalitsidwa ndi budding.

Kuwonjezera apo mu nkhani yomwe mudzawerenga kufotokoza kwa mitundu ya Lebedyanskaya, mudzawona momwe chitumbuwachi chikuwonekera.

Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana

Zinyamazo zinayambika mu All-Russian Research Institute of Horticulture yotchedwa IV Michurin (VNIIS).

Thandizo VNIIS - Ndi bungwe la zamakono lopatulira kuphunzira kafukufuku wa sayansi mu horticulture.

Dessert Morozova, Morozovka ndi Uralskaya Rubinovaya nawonso anabadwira ku sukuluyi.

Chofunika kwambiri: kupanga mitengo ya zipatso ndi kusankha mitundu yatsopano ya zomera, kukana matenda ndi chilengedwe, kulima ndi kubalana kwa cuttings kubzala, makina, njira zamakono zowonjezera mitengo yachikulire, kusungirako zipatso bwino.

Bungweli likugwiritsira ntchito chitsanzo ndi kupanga zinthu zachilengedwe. Phunziro la mitundu ndizodziwikiratu. Bungwe limapanga mapulojekiti atsopano osiyanasiyana.

Kupititsa patsogolo kwa yunivesite kwakhala kukudziwika kwambiri pakati pa akatswiri ndi amaluwa wamaluwa.

Dzina lachilatini: Cerasus. Olemba kalasi: Т.В. Morozov.

Mtengo unapezeka mu 1990 kuchokera mafupa a chitumbuwa zosiyanasiyana Vladimirskaya. Pakati pa kukula, mbewuyo inathandizidwa ndi yankho la EC mutagen.

Amapulumuka pakati ndi kumwera kwa Russia, Ukraine ndi Belarus.

Yakhazikika makamaka ku dera la Black Earth. Anagawira ku Michurinsk, Voronezh, Rostov-on-Don, Pavlovsk.

Kuwonekera kwa chitumbuwa cha Lebedyanskaya

Ganizirani mosiyana mawonekedwe a mtengo ndi zipatso.

Mtengo

Mtengo wa Cherry umatengedwa kukula mofulumira, chifukwa chaka chimakafika pamtunda. Ali kukula kwakukulu - kufika mamita 3.0-3.5. Kuyerekezera ndi kukula ndi maula osiyanasiyana Volga kukongola, mapeyala Hera ndi Victoria.

Amafuna akatswiri kudulira korona. Crohn zomera ngati mawonekedwe a piramidi. Masamba ndi obiriwira.

Makungwa pa nthambi zikuluzikulu ndi zofiira zazifupi zimakhala ndi chikhomo cha mabokosi. Mphukira ya mthunzi wakuda wakuda, waukulu kukula, ndi nambala ing'onozing'ono.

Impso lalikulu, yozungulira ovoid, mawonekedwe ochepa kuchokera ku nthambi. Masambawo ndi aakulu, ovundana ndi mdima wamdima wamdima. Icho chimatulutsa bicuspid serrations ndi lathyathyathya, zosalala bwino. Kukhumudwa kulibe.

Chereshki masamba ali ndi mthunzi wa anthocyanin. Kunenepa ndi kupitirira kwa petioles wapakatikati. Kumapeto kwa tsamba la tsambali pali zidutswa zing'onozing'ono zachitsulo mu kuchuluka kwa magawo 1-2. Zojambulajambula za burgundy.

Mapepala a Leaf mawonekedwe opangidwa ndi incision yofooka. Ikani mochedwa. Fruiting amapezeka pa maluwa zipatso mapesi.

Chipatso

Zipatso zimakhala zazikulu, kulemera kwake kufika ku 3.0 mpaka 4.5 magalamu. Rossoshanskaya, Ashinskaya steppe ndi Molodezhnaya akhoza kudzitamandira mofanana kukula kwa zipatso. Pamwamba pa chipatsocho ndizodzaza ndi kupsinjika pang'ono pa tsinde la chitumbuwa. Ndipo pansi akusonyezedwa. Chifukwa chaichi, amafanana ndi mawonekedwe a mitima.

Khalani ndi mimba yaying'ono. Tsinde limaphatikizapo kupatukana kwa chipatso cha nthambi. Zipatso za maroon mthunzi popanda mfundo zapamwamba.

Mukamakula mokwanira - pafupifupi wakuda. Thupi mkati mwa zipatsozo ndi zazikulu kukula.

Maonekedwewo ndi ozungulira, osati chifukwa cha kudula pakamwa. Olekanitsidwa bwino kuchokera pachimake. Pulp yamatcheri mdima burgundy hue.

Wofatsa kwambiri, wandiweyani, ali ndi madzi ambiri. Madzi a zipatso ndi mdima wofiira. Kukoma ndi kokoma, mopweteka pang'ono. Excellent madzi amapezedwanso mitundu Zhukovskaya, Lyubskaya ndi Malinovka.

Cherry Lebedyanskaya - ndondomeko ya mankhwala ake:

Chithunzi

Makhalidwe osiyanasiyana

Zikomo shuga wambiri, kalasiyi imayamikiridwa ngati mchere wophika. Ili ndi malangizo ozungulira. Wake zosavuta kubwezeretsanso. Chokoma kupanikizana, kissel, compotes, tinctures ndi amadzimadzi timadziti anapangidwa kuchokera Lebedyanskaya chitumbuwa zipatso.

Dessert ikhoza kukhala mitundu yambiri yamatcheri, komanso apulo ndi mapeyala. Mwachitsanzo, zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana Petrova, Dessert Rossoshanskaya ndi Moskvichka.

Maluwa a Lebedyanskaya cherry amapezeka mkati mwa milungu iwiri pa May 20. Maluwa okhala ndi mthunzi woyera. Maluwa a maluwa amakhala ozungulira. Masamba amapezeka pansi pa tsankho la pistil.

Mitundu yamatcheriyi ndi wokhazikika. Koma mukamagwiritsa ntchito mungu wowonjezera, zokolola zimakula kwambiri.

Pakuti "Lebedyanskaya" yamatcheri, yabwino kwambiri yopanga mungu mungu amaonedwa kuti: "Vladimirskaya" chitumbuwa, chisanu chosasunthira Freezer, chotsika kwambiri Zhukovskaya ndi Turgenevka.

Kukolola kumachitika zaka 4 kapena zisanu mutabzala. kudula. Nthawi yakucha ya zipatso zimakhala zochepa, zimafika pokhwima. mu theka lachiwiri la July. Zipatso zakucha nthawi imodzi. Kukonzekera ndi kokwera.

Mtengo umodzi umapereka kuchokera ku 6.5 mpaka 7.0 kilogalamu ya zipatso. Kuchokera pa hekita imodzi ya nthaka imasonkhanitsidwa kuyambira makumi asanu ndi limodzi mpaka makumi asanu ndi atatu. Zokonzeka kukolola kosakanikirana.

Mitundu yodzikweza kwambiri imakhalanso ndi Minx, Chernokorka ndi Generous.

Zochita zodabwitsa kuyenda pamtunda wautali komanso makhalidwe abwino kwambiri a zipatso.

Cherry Lebedyanskaya ali nawo bwino kulekerera kwa chilala. Cherry hardiness ndibwino kwambiri. Zomera zozizira zozizira zimakhala zochepa kwambiri kumpoto kwa dzikoli.

Mavuto abwino a chisanu amasonyeza mitundu Tamaris, Zhivitsa ndi Tsarevna.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

• Malo oti afike

  Kudulira kwa mtengo kumachitanso chimodzimodzi ndi kawirikawiri Turgenevka ndi Zhukovskaya yamatcheri. Kudulira kumachitika pamaso pa impso. Ndikofunika kuchoka nthambi zisanu kapena zisanu.

  Mtunda pakati pawo uyenera kukhala osachepera masentimita 10. Zotsalayo zimachotsedwa popanda kusiya. Mabala a mtengowo amangotidwa ndi munda wamaluwa.

  Pakuti chodzala cuttings chiyenera kusankhidwa pamalo abwino kwambiri ndi dzuwa. Kupita kumapangidwa kuchokera kumwera kwa nyumbayi. Ndi bwino kudzala pamphepete mwa mpanda, kumene mildest microclimate ilipo.

  Malo osankhidwa ayenera kukhala ndi kuthekera kwa kuchuluka kwa chisanu m'nyengo yozizira. Chipale chimateteza chomeracho ndipo sichilola kuti kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira. Amakonda loamy nthaka.

• Kukonzekera kukwera

  Kuyankha bwino kwa nyambo komanso mavitamini ochuluka. Ndi bwino kusankha nthaka ndi mpweya wabwino.

  Malo okutsatsa malo sayenera kukhala pafupi ndi madzi.. Ndikofunika kukhetsa nthaka.

  Mukamagula mmera wokhazikika, mizu yake iyenera kukulumikizidwa mu moss kapena peat komanso yophimbidwa mosakanizidwa ndi filimu yamapulasitiki.

  Mbande ziyenera kumtengedwera ndi kukhala ndi mizu yolimba. Kutalika mbali ya phesi amafunika kudula mpaka masentimita 55 mpaka 70zomwe zimakulolani kupanga bwino chomera pa chiwembu.

• Kubalana ndi budding

  Kuberekera kumachitika ndi budding. Zimakhala bwino pa rootstocks ya clones ya mitengo ya zipatso za Vladimirsky zosiyanasiyana ndi zosiyanasiyana munda mbewu mitundu.

  Budding amathera mu zaka khumi zachiwiri za July. Nthawi: masiku 14-21. Masiku asanu ndi limodzi (6-8) musanasonkhanitsidwe, makungwa a mtengo amathiridwa ndi kutentha kapena kutentha kwa madzi. Njira yotereyi imayambitsa kuyamwa kutaya. Makungwawo ayenera kukhala olekana bwino.

  Musanayambe kuphuka, mphukira zonse ndi masamba omwe ali m'dera la katemera ayenera kuchotsedwa. The scape imasankhidwa motalika, kufika mamita 6-8. Zipatso zonse masamba pa zokolola ndi vegetative.

• Katemera

  Pamphuno, phulani makungwa a mtengo, masentimita atatu kutalika, ndipo pakati - kapangidwe kakang'ono kakang'ono.

  Mwa njira iyi, nsongayo imatha, ndipo kuphatikizidwa kumalowetsedwa mu gawo lakumunsi.

  Malingana ndi m'lifupi mwake, ziyenera kugwirizana ndi odulidwawo. Malo opatsira katemera womangidwa ndi pulasitiki. Impso yatsala yotseguka. Pambuyo masiku 14-21 muyenera kufufuza maso.

  Mukakamira mopepuka, tsinde la tsamba liyenera kusiyanitsa. Izi zikutanthauza kuti impso yatha. Pambuyo masiku 30, harishi imachotsedwa. Nthawi yozizira, malo a budding amatetezedwa ku chisanu. Kumayambiriro kwa kasupe, mapepala otetezeka ayenera kukhala ndi phokoso pamwamba pake.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Zochita kupirira bwino matenda osiyanasiyana a fungal.

Lebedyanskaya cherry zosiyanasiyana sizowoneka ngati moniliosis, anthracnose, perforated spotting. Kukaniza kwa coccomycosis kumakhala kosavuta.

Podbelskaya, Pamyati Yenikeeva, Kharitonovskaya ndi Fairy sagonjetsedwa kwambiri ndi coccomycosis.

Pochita chithandizo cha coccomicosis Mankhwala osokoneza bongo "Fitosporin". Masamba onse okhudzidwa ayenera kuwotchedwa. Ngati izi sizichitika, mabakiteriya a causative wothandizira matendawa overwinter ndipo chaka chotsatira zomera adzagweranso matenda.

Kutsiliza Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala zokolola zabwino. Kuchokera pa hekita imodzi ya nthaka akukolola kuchokera ku 60 mpaka 80 omwe amapanga zipatso. Zokonzeka kukolola zokhazikika.

Lili ndipamwamba kwambiri zipatso. Zipatso za mtundu wa burgundy, zimafanana mawonekedwe a mitima. Thupi mkati mwa zipatsozo ndi zazikulu kukula. Chifukwa cha shuga yokhutira, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yamtengo wapatali monga mchere wouma.

Ili ndi malangizo ozungulira. Kuberekera kumachitika ndi budding. Zili bwino kutsutsana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana a fungal. Kukaniza kwa coccomycosis kumakhala kosavuta. Yakhazikika makamaka ku dera la Black Earth.