Tsamba lofiira amasiyana ndi mtundu wakuda osati mtundu komanso kukoma, koma ndi zida zaulimi ndi fruiting.
Currant Red Andreichenko ali ndi katundu wapadera kwambiri.
Zipatso zake, masamba ndi mphukira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'zipatala.
Zosiyanasiyanazi ndizokonzekera pa zakudya zamagetsi ndi kupanikizana, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala zatsopano.
Tsatanetsatane mitundu Andreichenko
Chitsamba chakuthwa kwa 1-1.5 mamita, osati kutambasula, kuzungulira, kwambiri masamba. Mphukirazo ndizo zowopsya, zamphamvu, zolunjika, zakuda zakuda lalanje mtundu, zosalala, zofiira, ndi nsonga zofiirira.
Masamba zitsamba zisanu, zochepa, zobiriwira, zofiira pang'ono, zonyezimira, zaubweya pansi.
Zipatso wokongola lalikulu, wolemera 0,5-1 g, wofiira, wozungulira, osonkhanitsa mu burashi yaying'ono.
Kumapeto kwa burashi zipatsozo ndizozing'ono, zimapsa pamodzi, sizimatha pamene zimapitirira. Nyama ndi yowutsa mudyo, yokoma, yokoma, ndi yowawa kwambiri ndi mbewu zazikulu. Khungu ndi loonda, koma limatha. Amanyamula bwino, koma amasungidwa kwa kanthawi kochepa, pafupi masabata awiri.
Chithunzi
Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana
Zosiyanasiyanazi zinkawonekera kumayambiriro kwa zaka 50. zaka zapitazi, chifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mavitamini a Red Cross. Abusa a Novosibirsk Experimental Station I.V. Shpileva, D.A. Andreichenko ndi A.I. Degtyarev.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana idapangidwa mu 1987 m'madera a Ural, Mid-Volga ndi Siberia. Ndizovuta kwambiri nyengo yozizira yosiyanasiyana, ndipo chifukwa cha izi, amakula m'dera lonse lakale la USSR. Zomerazi zakhala zikudziwika kwambiri m'madera okhala ndi nyengo yosakhazikika, ndipo nthawi zambiri zimapezeka ku Russia, komanso ku Belarus ndi ku Baltic States.
M'madera amenewa, osati currants okha omwe amakula m'minda, komanso wakuda, monga Bagira, Belorusskaya okoma, Grossaya, Gulliver ndi Dachnitsa mitundu.
Zizindikiro
Zosiyanasiyana ndi pakati pa nyengo. Kukoma kwathunthu kwa zipatso kumachitika pakati pa July, koma iwo akhoza kukhala kuthengo kwa pafupi mwezi.
Fruiting chitsamba chimayamba patapita zaka 2 kuchoka pansi. Izi ndi zokolola kwambiri, mosamala kuchokera ku chitsamba chimodzi akhoza kusonkhanitsa mpaka 6 makilogalamu a zipatso.
Kuonjezera apo, zosiyanasiyana zimakhala bwino kukana chisanu. Kumayambiriro kwa maluwa akhoza kupirira ngakhale kwambiri chisanu, popanda kuwononga masamba ndi mphukira. Zosiyanasiyana zokhala ndi zipatso ndipo samafunanso zina zowonjezera. Zipatso ndizofunikira kwambiri pokonza komanso kudya.
Kuchokera ku zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi zimaphika bwino kupanikizana, makamaka kuphatikizapo maapulo a mitundu yotsatira: Golden Summer, Malt Bagaevsky, Mantet, Bolshaya Narodnoe, Medunitsa, Elena ndi Mwana wamkazi wa Melba.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Kufika malo Ayenera kuyamwa bwino, ndi madzi otsika pansi, otetezedwa ku mtanda wamphamvu. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana siopa nyengo yozizira, koma nthambi yomwe ikuwombera m'munsi mwa chitsamba ikhoza kuthawa. Chiwembucho chikhale chophweka, osati chochepa, popanda kumeta.
Nthawi yabwino yopita izi zosiyanasiyana oyambirira autumn, kutha kwa September. Mukamabzala mabasi angapo, mtunda pakati pawo uyenera kukhala osachepera 1.5 mamita.
Konzani dothi pasadakhale.
Pafupifupi mwezi umodzi musanabzala, malowa amachotsedwa, namsongole achotsedwa, makamaka udzu wa tirigu ndi kubzala nthula, ndipo feteleza ndi feteleza zimagwiritsidwa ntchito: 5-6 makilogalamu a manyowa kapena kompositi, ndi 1 tbsp. l potaziyamu sulphate ndi superphosphate pa mita imodzi. m
Ngati dothi latha, ndiye kuti laimu.
Masabata awiri musanabzala, mukhoza kukumba dzenje, 50 cm 50 kukula kwake. Phando lokonzedwa ndi 2/3 la bukuli ladzazidwa ndi chisakanizo cha pamwamba pa nthaka, 2 kompositi zoumba kapena humus, ndi kuwonjezera pa 3 tbsp. l superphosphate, 2 tbsp. l potaziyamu sulphate ndi 0,4 makilogalamu a phulusa. Kuchokera kumwamba kutsanulira wochepa thupi wosanjikiza, wothira nthaka, kuthira madzi bwino ndikuyamba kubzala masiku 2-3.
Shrub mwaulemu anaikidwa mu dzenje lokonzekera ndipo anaikidwa m'manda, mwamphamvu kwambiri. Currant amakonda pang'ono, kumera bwino, kuti chitukuko chizikhala bwino. Mutabzala kuzungulira chomeracho, dziwani dzenje lakuya, madzi okwanira komanso ophatikizidwa ndi peat kapena humus. Posakhalitsa, kudulira kwachitsamba kumachitika: nthambi zonse zimadulidwa, kusiya kutalika kwa 10-15 masentimita. Ngakhale chisanu chotsutsa, m'nyengo yoyamba yozizira mutatha kubzala, chitsamba chaching'ono chimamangirira mosamala ndi kukulunga.
Kusamalira zaka zitatu zoyambirira wofiira currant imakhala kuthirira, kupalira ndi kumasula nthaka ndi feteleza nthawi yake. Kumayambiriro kwa masika, mukhoza kudyetsa chitsamba ndi organic (6-7 makilogalamu a humus pa mita imodzi) ndi mchere (20 gm ya urea ndi potaziyamu sulphate ndi 100 magalamu a superphosphate pa lalikulu mita) feteleza. Pansi pa yozizira yekha organic feteleza amagwiritsidwa ntchito.
Ali ndi zaka zinayi kupitirira, kuchuluka kwa feteleza kumawonjezeka: 10 makilogalamu a humus, 30 magalamu a urea ndi potaziyamu, ndi magalamu 100 a superphosphate pa mita imodzi. m masika. Kuonjezera apo, fruiting zomera amapanga kudyetsa kwina, osachepera 4 nthawi ya kukula.
Choyamba zoterozo kumveka pamwamba gwiritsani ntchito pamaso maluwa, wachiwiri - pa maonekedwe a losunga mazira, patapita milungu iwiri - kotulutsidwa ndichitatu pambuyo pa kukolola - chachinayi. Kwa zitatu zoyambirira, mungagwiritse ntchito wapadera zovuta mchere feteleza kwa mbewu za mabulosi. Kwachinayi, superphosphate ndi potaziyamu sulphate (2 tbsp Pa chidebe cha madzi) zikanakhala bwino.
Chofunika kwambiri komanso kuvala kwa foliar. Ndi bwino kuzigwiritsa ntchito pa maluwa komanso panthawi yopanga mazira.
Pachifukwa ichi mungagwiritse ntchito kukula kokondweretsa ndi kupanga mapangidwe. Ndibwino kuti azitha kulandira chithandizo mu nyengo yozizira, m'mawa kapena madzulo.
Tsamba lofiira amafunikira kuthirira nthawi zonse, makamaka nyengo youma ndi yotentha. Makamaka amalipira kuthirira nthawi ya zipatso zoyambirira komanso mutatha kukolola. Mitundu ya Andreichenko ya currant imakhala yopanda chilala, koma ndi kusowa kwa chinyezi, zipatso zimakhala zochepa, zouma, ndipo zokolola zimagwa mofulumira.
Kuwonjezera pa kubzala, iwo nthawi zonse amatha kupanga ndi kukonzanso kudulira chitsamba. Mukhoza kuzigwiritsa ntchito nthawi zonse mumasika ndi m'dzinja. Kwa zaka 2-3 mutabzala, choyamba kudulira kudulira chikuchitika: nthambi zonse zinafooka ndikukula pafupi ndi nthaka zimachotsedwa, kusiya 4-5 mwamphamvu kwambiri.
Sitingathe kufupikitsa nthambi - izi zikhoza kuchepetsa zokolola chaka chamawa.
Kudulira okalamba kumayamba zaka 7 mutabzala. Nthambi zonse zakale zosabereka zimadulidwa, m'malo mwake zimakhala zatsopano. Kudulira kwa panthawi yake komanso kusamalidwa kofiira currants kungachepetse chiopsezo cha matenda.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Pakati pa ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana Andreitschenko wofiira currant angadziŵike ndi angapo zofooka: kukhudzidwa ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso nsabwe za m'masamba.
Anthracnose currant imasonyezedwa mu maonekedwe pa masamba a madontho aang'ono ofiira. Zimakula mofulumira, zimagwirizanitsa ndikuyambitsa masamba oyanika. Mphukira ya anthracnose ingasokonezedwe. Zinthu zabwino kwambiri zokhudzana ndi matendawa ndizozizira kwambiri komanso nyengo yofunda.
Polimbana ndi matendawa, kumayambiriro kwa masika, chitsamba chimachiritsidwa ndi mkuwa wa sulphate kapena nitrafen. Chithandizo chachiwiri chikuchitika musanayambe maluwa, pogwiritsa ntchito 1% colloidal sulfure. Pambuyo pa masiku 10-12 - lachitatu. Kupopera mbewu kotsiriza kumachitika mutatha kukolola zipatso pogwiritsa ntchito 1% Bordeaux madzi.
Pakati pa munda wa matenda, anthracnose, bacteriosis, chlorosis, rubella ndi bakiteriya carcinoma ndizofala kwambiri. Mutha kudziŵa momwe angatetezere m'nkhani zathu.
Nthawi zina Andreichenko Zikhoza kumenyedwa ndi nsabwe za m'masamba. Mutha kuwona mphutsi zake pamunsi mwa tsamba, kumene zimakhala zofiira zofiira. Zowonongeka masamba youma mwamsanga ndi kugwa.
Monga njira zolimbana, kumayambiriro kwa masika, chitsamba chimaperekedwa ndi karbofos (40 magalamu pa chidebe cha madzi). Kupopera mbewu zomwe zakhudzidwa ndi njira yothetsera sopo kapena dothi la adyo kumathandiza bwino. Mungagwiritse ntchito fumbi kapena fodya sinamoni. Masamba onse okhudzidwa ndi mphukira ayenera kudula ndi kuwotchedwa.
Pofuna kupeŵa kuukira kwa tizilomboti, ndi bwino kubzala mabedi ambiri a adyo kapena tomato pafupi ndi chitsamba cha currant. Ndi kofunikanso kuti mutulutse nthawi zonse nthaka, kuyeretsani masamba akugwa ndipo mosamala mukumba pansi mu kugwa.
Zosiyanasiyana zofiira currant "Andreichenko" ali ndi zambiri zoyenera:
- chokolola chachikulu;
- kukoma kwakukulu;
- kukamba bwino;
- chisanu hardiness;
- mwatsatanetsatane.
Kuipa zochepa kwambiri:
- kusagwirizana ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo;
- Nthawi zina amatha kukumana ndi nsabwe za m'masamba.
Red currant "Andreichenko" wokwanira kubzala pa nyumba yawo yachilimwe, ndipo mosamala adzapereka zokolola zambiri nthawi zonse.
Muyeneranso kumvetsera mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya currants yofiira, monga Natalie, Jam ndi Wokondedwa.
