Mitundu ya ma apulosi ya Belarus imakonda kugulitsidwa, koma ngati mukomana, mugule iwo, ndi abwino kwambiri kukula pakati pathu.
Mtengo wa Apple Ma rasipiberiya achi Belarusiya - apulo wofiira ndi dzina lokongola, ndipo kuvala kwapadera kwa sera kumapangitsanso chithumwa chapadera.
Kukoma kumene kumangokhala bwino pa nthawi sikudzakhumudwitsa, koma Maapulo awa akhoza kusungidwa mpaka kumapeto kwa kasupe!
Ndi mtundu wanji?
Akuyang'ana kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira.
Belarusian rasipiberi apulo zoned in Republic of Belarus, koma chifukwa cha kukaniza kwa chisanu, kwa nthawi yayitali yakula bwino kwambiri kuposa malire ake.
Aphrodite, Aromatny, Kukongola kwa Zima, Aport ndi Antonovka wamba ndi mitundu ya chisanu.
Kuwongolera
Pofuna kutulutsa mungu ndi kukolola bwino, mitengo ya apulo imabzalidwa patali osati mamita 50 kuchokera kwa wina ndi mzake.
Ndibwino kuti mukuwerengaAntonovka mchere, Welsey, Lovefam, Minsk.
Kuonjezera apo, pollination pamtunda, ndi zofunika kukhala ndi mitundu itatu yokhala ndi mungu.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana
Ganizirani mosiyana mawonekedwe a apulo ndi zipatso zake.
Mitengo ya Apple kutalika (mpaka mamita 5) ndi korona wozungulira. Uterine nthambi ndi grayish-bulauni, ofukula kukula malangizo. Mphukira imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa chitumbuwa chamdima, wotchulidwa, wabwino-pubescent.
Mtundu wa masamba ndi wobiriwira, wokongola. Mtsuko waukulu, wachikopa, ovoid. Nsonga ya tsambayo yokhotakhota, m'munsiyi ndi mawonekedwe a mtima kapena ozungulira.
Masamba amadzikongoletsa kwambiri pamtunda wa m'kati mwake ndipo amakhala ochepa kwambiri pofanana ndi mphukira, ndipo pamtunda wa mphukira amapangidwa pamzere wa mitsempha.
Mphepete mwa masamba amakulira, wavy, kuika mawonekedwe ndi mano ozizira.
Mapesi a leaf ali ndi chitumbuwa cha tchire. Petioles ndi ofiira, ochepa, amachoka pamapiko opitirira 45º, ndipo m'munsi mwa mphukira amapanga ma angle 90º nawo. Maluwawo ndi ochepa, ovunda, opanikizidwa.
Mbewu zapachaka ndizitali, zofalitsa, ndi thunthu lakuda brownish-mtundu wa chitumbuwa. Ali ndi zitatu kapena zinayi zomwe zinakhazikitsa nthambi zowonjezera.
Maapulo lalikulu (kulemera 100-150 g). Zipatso zili ndi nsomba zomveka. Sakisi ndi yopapatiza, yaying'ono, ndi grooves.
Mphunoyi imakhalanso yopanda kanthu, yopapatiza, yobiriwira, nthawi zina orzhavlennaya. Mafinya ndi ochepa, otsekedwa, nthawi zina kapu ndi yotseguka.
Mphindi wamphongo ndi wandiweyani amakula kwambiri pamapeto ndipo nthawi zambiri sichitha kupitirira ndegeyo.
Mtundu waukulu wa chipatso ndi wobiriwira. Topcoat ili ndi maonekedwe ofanana ndi mikwingwirima yofiira, yomwe imapatsa dzina lake zosiyanasiyana.
Pa maapulo, mtundu wa waxy bluish ukuwoneka bwino. Podchashechnaya chubu ili ndi mawonekedwe oyenera, alowa mu mtima.
Mtima wochepa mu mawonekedwe a anyezi uli pamtunda wa chipatso.
Zipinda za mbewu ndizochepa, zimatha kutseguka ndi kutseguka pang'ono mu axial cavity, ndi mbewu zakuda.
Zipatso zokoma, zamkati zimakhala ndi mtundu woyera ndi kirimu, mthunzi wambiri, wambiri.
Kulawa kwa maapulo wokoma kwambiri, wokoma ndi wowawasamwamsanga mutatha kusonkhanitsa pang'ono wowawasa, koma pakutha kuyika izo zimakhala zabwino kwambiri.
Mitundu yotsatirayi ingadzitamande ndi kukoma kwakukulu: Orlovsky Mpainiya, Ekranny, Bolshaya Narodnoe, Orlinka ndi Aromatny.
Chithunzi
Mbiri ya kusankha kwa rasipiberi ya ku Belarusiya
Zipangizo zosiyanasiyana zinapezeka ku Bungwe la Research Research of Potato, Zipatso ndi Masamba (omwe ali m'chigawo cha Minsk ku Belarus) ndi wofalitsa G.K. Kovalenko mwa kusakaniza Antonovki ndi Lovefam. Monga Antonovka wamba, ali ndi nyengo yolimba yozizira yozizira.
Chigawo chokula
Raspiberiya wa ku Belarus amakula bwino Belarus ndi mayiko a Baltic.
Zosiyanasiyana ndi mkulu yozizira hardiness ndi ndithu skoroplodny.
Oyenera kukula m'madera ambiri. Central Russia.
Makamaka, imakula bwino m'dera la Novgorod.
Chifukwa chodzala m'maderawa ndi mitundu ina: Cinnamon New, Asterisk, Melba, Ouspenskoe ndi Papirovka.
Pereka
Fruiting imayamba kale kwa zaka 2-3 pa katundu 62-396, ndipo pa 4-6th chaka mutabzala pa mbewu zamasamba. Zipatso pachaka, pamene zaka zapamwamba zokolola zimasintha ndi zochepa.
Kulima kuli makilogalamu 37 kuchokera ku mtengo wakale wa zaka khumi ndikufika pa okwana 250 pa hekitala. Zipatso zipse kumapeto kwa Septembermwamphamvu pa nthambi sizingatheke kukhetsa.
Zokolola zabwino zimasonyezanso: Rossoshansky, Sunny, Sokolovsky, Stroyevsky ndi Wodabwitsa.
Maapulo ndi othandizira kuyambira October-Novemberkoma zabwino zokonda zipatso zimapeza poyambira mu January-February.
Kuzisungirako, maapulo amachotsedwa pamodzi ndi phesi. Mulimonsemo, musachoke ku chipatso cha sera, chidzakupatsani chitetezo choonjezera nthawi yosungirako.
Maapulo ayenera kupatulidwa ndi kukula, kuchotsa zipatso zoonongeka. Kenaka muikemo mabokosi a matabwa ndikuyiika m'chipinda choziziritsa kukhosi kapena pansi.
Zabwino kwambiri kutentha kosungira pafupifupi 0 ° C. Zikatero, mababu achi Belarusiya akhoza kusungidwa mpaka masika kapena mpaka kumapeto kwa May.
Kubzala ndi kusamalira
Kubzala mtengo wa apulo Chi Belarusian Malinova " Kugula mbande ndi bwino kumalo osungirako malo. Izi zimatsimikizira kuti mtengo wa apulo umasinthidwa ndi nyengo. Wamng'ono mmera, ndi bwino.
Ndizabwino ngati mtengo umagulidwa mwachindunji pa kugula: kotero mutha kukhala wotsimikiza kuti wakula msinkhu.
Musanatenge mizu, onetsetsani ndi moss, nsalu yonyowa kapena pepala ndi kukulunga mu pulasitiki kuti asunge chinyezi.
Ngati mugula nyemba mu chidebe, yang'anani kuchokera pansi ndipo onetsetsani kuti pali mizu yaying'ono yomwe imatuluka kunja.
Kukula bwino ndi kukonza mitengo ya apulo, kubzala mitengo osalowerera ndale ndibwino kwambiri. nthaka yokhala ndi feteleza yokhala ndi potaziyamu ndi zinthu zamoyo. Nthaka iyenera kukhala yamtendere mokwanira.
Mpando wa mmera ukukonzekera pasadakhale. Ngati nthaka ili pamalo abwino, mitengo imabzalidwa mumenje.
Pa dothi la mchenga, m'malo mwake, ayenera kukonzekera lalikulu dzenje lalikulu lalikulu pafupifupi 80 cm ikani mmenemo moss kuti asunge chinyezi ndi zakudya ndi kuphimba ndi nthaka yachonde.
Pachifukwa ichi, kubzala mitengo ya apulo kumachitika chaka chotsatira, ndi kulengeza koyenera kwa feteleza zamchere. Manyowa a umoyo amagwiritsidwanso ntchito ku dothi la mchenga, mchenga ndi podzolic mutabzala - kompositi kapena manyowa.
Kuphika, peat, komanso madontho ozizira omwe ali pafupi ndi mamita 1, si oyenera mitengo ya apulo. Zikatero, mitengo ya apulo imabzalidwa pamtunda wa phiri.
Kufika kumachitika ndi ndodo, yomwe imayendetsedwa pakatikati pa dzenje. Mtunda pakati pa mitengo m'munda uyenera kukhala osachepera 4-6 mamita. Sapling imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamphepete, mizu yowongoledwa bwino ndi pang'onopang'ono yokutidwa ndi dziko lapansi.
Manyowa a feteleza ndi manyowa atsopano sangagwiritsidwe ntchito panthawi yobzala, chifukwa akhoza kuyambitsa moto pambewu.
Musamabzala mtengo kwambiri, umapweteka kukula kwake ndipo ungayambitse imfa. Muzu khosi likhale 3-5 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka. Kufika pamtunda kungakonzedwe mwa kudzaza pansi kuzungulira thunthu ngati mawonekedwe.
Mutangoyamba kubzala, mmerawo umangomangirizidwa ndi msomali ndipo umathirira ndi zitsamba 1-2 zamadzi mosasamala nyengo. Kwa ulimi wothirira pamphepete mwa dzenje mumapanga dzenje. Pambuyo pa nthaka, mtengowo umasamalidwa mosamala, makamaka pogwiritsa ntchito zingwe zitatu.
Mitengo ya Apple, makamaka zaka zoyambirira za chitukuko, imafunika kuonetsetsa kuti madzi okwanira nthawi zonse. Pofuna kusunga chinyezi, dothi likulumikizidwa ndi utuchi, makungwa, manyowa kapena filimu yakuda.
Mu kasupe, mitengo ya apulo imakhala yoyera pofuna kupewa kutentha kwa dzuwa.
Kupeza bwino kukolola nthawi zonse kudulira mitengo.
Pakati pa kasupe kudulira, nthambi zouma zimachotsedwa. Sikoyenera kuvulaza mtengo panthawiyi, popeza kutuluka kwa madzi kumatha kuyambitsa nthambi. Mapangidwe a korona amachitika bwino mu kugwa.
Kuti mukwaniritse izi, yesani kuchepetsa ndi kupatulira nthambi. Chotsani nthambi zowuma; amawombera omwe amasokonezana wina ndi mnzake; kuchotsani mbali zakuda za korona.
Malamulo onse pamene akudulira: Chotsani mpikisano ndi thunthu lalikulu, nthambi zowonjezera bwino, zikuchoka mopanda malire. Magawo kuphimba ndi phula la munda.
Kuwonjezera kudulira ndi osafunika, monga kumatsogolera kukula mofulumira achinyamata mphukira.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Mitengo ya Apple imavunda, moyenera kugonjetsedwa ndi nkhanambo ndi powdery mildew.
Ndi dongosolo lokonza munda ndi mtunda wokwanira pakati pa mitengo, nkhanambo ikhoza kupeĊµedwa. Ndiponso Ndikofunika kuti musayese korona.
Ngati matendawa adakalipo, nkofunika kutenga nthawi yomweyo, choyamba, kuchotsa ndi kuwotcha masamba odwala.
Kupewa ndi kuchiza nkhanambo pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala apadera. Chimodzi mwa zabwino kwambiri ndi "Garden Garden", "Charm", "Zircon".
Izi ndizochokera ku mbadwo watsopano, zopanda phindu kwa anthu, zomwe zimapangitsa kukana kwa zomera osati nkhanambo, komanso powdery mildew, komanso kuwateteza ku tizirombo.
Sikoyenera kuti tigwiritse ntchito poizoni ndi chemotherapy., zambiri zomwe zimaletsedwa kuti zigwiritsidwe ntchito pafupi ndi nyumba, kuphatikizapo ziwembu zakulima.
Musanyalanyaze zowononga zowononga tizilombo. Kuwonongeka kwa anthu oterowo monga miner moth, hawthorn, chipatso chopangira, ntchentche ya apulo ikhoza kuwononga kwambiri mbewu yanu.
Mitundu ya Belarus ya apulo imadziwika ndi mkulu wa chisanu kukana ndi zokolola zambiri, zoyenera kukula pakatikati ku Russia.
Ubwino wosadziwika wa maapulo a rasipiberi a Belarus ndi kukoma kwake, khalidwe labwino kwambiri la zipatso, komanso maonekedwe okongola. Kutsika kwachinyengo kumapewera mankhwala ndi chemotherapy.
Onerani kanema za kasupe kupopera mbewu kwa apulo mitengo.
