Kulima mphesa kukuyamba kutchuka m'zaka zapitazi. Izi ndichifukwa cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuchepa kwa zovuta pakulima ndi kukongoletsa mipesa. Ndizowoneka kuti wamaluwa adakondana ndi mphesa za Arched. Mwa kubzala moyenera komanso chisamaliro choyenera, mutha kupeza zokolola zambiri kuchokera pamenepo.
Mbiri ya kalasi
Mphesa zosaneneka zimapezeka ndi ma hybridization kuchokera ku Druzhba ndi Intervitis Magaracha. Izi zidachitika ndi asayansi aku Russia ochokera ku All-Russian Research Institute of Winemaking and Viticulture omwe adatchedwa Y.I. Potapenko.
Chifukwa cha zoyeserera, mphesa zinalengedwa ndi zokolola zambiri. Ndipo adatengera dzina lake chifukwa cha kuluka kwa mphepo, chifukwa chomwe mumatha kukongoletsa nyumba kapena mipanda.
Kupanga mphesa za Arched, asayansi adayesetsa kupanga mitundu yopanda tanthauzo komanso yopindulitsa
Kufotokozera kwa mphesa za Arched
Arched amatengedwa ngati mitundu yoyambirira chifukwa zipatso zimacha nthawi ya masiku 110 mpaka 120. Tchire limabweretsa mbewu yoyamba pachaka mutabzala.
Pa mpesa umodzi umatha kukula masango 15-20. Ndizachikulu, zooneka ngati zozungulira, zamphamvu komanso zowoneka bwino. Gulu limodzi limalemera kuchokera 400 mpaka 600 g.
Zipatso zake ndi zapinki ndipo zimasinthira kukhala zofiira, chowumbika bwino mawonekedwe ndi peel wandiweyani ndi mbewu zazikulu. Unyinji wa mabulosi amodzi ndi 6. g Tasters amawunika kukoma kwawo pamakwerero 10 ndi 7.7.
Zipatso za mphesa zazikulu ndi zazikulu, zowonda
Chimodzi mwa zinthu zamtunduwu ndizoti zipatso zimatha kukhala pachitsamba kwa nthawi yayitali ndipo nthawi yomweyo sizimayang'ana mawonekedwe ndi kakomedwe.
Kanema: Unenanso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana kuchokera kwa wopanga vinyo
Phindu Lamagulu
Kuphatikiza pa kulawa, mphesa zamtunduwu zili ndi zinthu zina zingapo:
- Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwambiri, zipatso zimatha kukhalabe tchire kwa nthawi yayitali osataya makhalidwe awo. Ndipo makamaka chifukwa cha izi, masango a mphesa amalekerera mayendedwe ataliitali.
Mphesa zomata zimayamikiridwa chifukwa cha kukoma kwa zipatso
- Mpesa umatha kupirira chisanu nthawi yozizira mpaka -25 madigiri. Ndipo ngakhale gawo lamaso likatuluka, masamba obwereza amabala zipatso.
- Zokolola mosasunthika chaka ndi chaka.
- Zosiyanasiyana zimagwirizana kwambiri ndi khansa ndi imvi zowola, koma kwa oidium (powderyypew) kukana ndi kwapakatikati.
Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi sing'anga kukana powdery hlobo.
- Zipatsozo zimapanga vinyo wabwino kwambiri.
Kanema: Mphesa zamera zimacha
Mawonekedwe obzala ndi kukula
Mphesa zimatengedwa ngati chomera cha thermophilic, komabe, zimakulitsidwa kwambiri m'magawo omwe kumakhala ozizira. Koma m'malo otere, ndikofunikira kuwabzala moyenera ndikuwasamalira bwino, ndiye kuti zokolola zimakondwera.
Mphesa umatha kukongoletsa nyumba ndi mipanda
Kukonzekera malo omwe akutsikira
Mphesa zomata zimamera bwino pamchenga ndi dothi lamchenga. Mizu yake imapita mwakuya, chifukwa malo oyandikana ndi madzi apansi, mpesawo ukhoza kubereka zipatso kapena kufa moyipa. Izi zikuyenera kukumbukiridwa posankha malo omwe akutsikira: payenera kukhala dzuwa lochulukirapo, chifukwa chake tsamba lomwe lili kum'mwera chakum'mawa kapena kumwera chakumadzulo ndiloyenera.
Ndikwabwino kubzala mphesa mu April. Koma muyenera kukonzekera dzenje kuti mubzale mu kugwa: motere dothi lidzadzaza ndi mpweya ndipo tizirombo tina tambiri tating'onoting'ono tidzafa.
Pakubzala mphesa za Arched, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira zambiri zobzala
Kukonzekera dzenje lakufikanso kumaphatikizapo izi:
- Kumbani dzenje pafupifupi 100 mpaka 100 cm.
- Choyamba, muyenera kuyika ngalawo pansi pa dzenje: ikhoza kuwonjezeredwa dongo, zidutswa za njerwa kapena miyala yodulidwa.
- Thirani mchenga komanso kusakaniza mulingo wofanana ndi peat humus.
- Ulusi uliwonse umakonkhedwa ndi zosakaniza za feteleza wophatikiza ndi ammonium nitrate (pafupifupi 30 g), mchere wa potaziyamu ndi potaziyamu superphosphate (100 g iliyonse).
Mchere wa potaziyamu ungasinthidwe popanda kutayika kwa ubora ndi phulusa wamba.
30 g ya ammonium nitrate iyenera kuwonjezeredwa ku chisakanizo cha zokhumudwitsa
- Wosanjikiza wapamwamba uyenera kukhala wa peat ndi humus. Feteleza safunika kuthilidwa.
- Thirani dzenje lokonzedwa ndimadzi ofunda (osachepera zidebe ziwiri) ndikuthira dothi.
Kubzala mmera
Mbewu za mphesa zimagulitsidwa limodzi ndi mizu yotseka komanso yotseguka. Kukonzekera kwawo kubzala ndi kubzala sizosiyana kwambiri:
- Ngati mizu ya mpesayo njotseguka, ndiye kuti iyenera kunyowa kwa maola awiri m'madzi ofunda: mizu yake imadzaza ndi chinyezi ndikukonzekera kubzala. Pambuyo pake, mutha kuwabzala:
- mu dzenje lokonzedwa pakati, pangani mphika wawung'ono 10-15 cm;
- ikani mphesa pamenepo ndikufalitsa mizu pansi.
- Mphesa zokhala ndi mizu yotsekeka kubzala mosavuta. Mukungofunika kupanga malo abwino ochulukirapo ndikubzala mmera wopanda tchuthi.
Mutabzala, mphesa ziyenera kuthiriridwa mokwanira ndi kuwumbika. Nsipu kapena udzu wodula ndi zabwino izi. M'tsogolomu, ndikofunikira kuthirira mmera kamodzi pa sabata kwa malita 10-20.
Mutabzala, mphesa zimafunikira kuthiriridwa ndi kuzilitsidwa.
Kupanga kwa mpesa ndikudulira
China chomwe chimapanga mphesa zamtunduwu ndi kukula msanga. Chifukwa chake, mapangidwe oyenerera a mipesa ndi gawo lofunika posamalira. Ngati singadulidwe, nthambi zake zimachulukana kwambiri ndipo zokolola zimakhala zochepa.
Mphesa zosokedwa ziyenera kudulidwa bwino
Palibe mphesa zomwe amazidulira chaka choyamba mutabzala. Pakatha chaka chimodzi masika, mikwingwirima yayikulu iwiri imasiyidwa, yomwe imadulidwa mwanjira inayake:
- Wodula zipatso woyamba, amaduladula, kusiya impso 5 mpaka 10;
- Lachiwiri limatchedwa mfundo yolowa m'malo ndikudula, ndikusiya impso ziwiri.
Chaka chotsatira, mikwingwirima yotsalira idatsalira pakadutsanso kakang'ono. Zipatso zimakhala nthambi yayitali. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kupanga mphesa zamtundu uliwonse kasupe. Ndipo chakumapeto, mpesa uyenera kudulidwa ukakolola, kusiya chitsa 10 cm.
Mukugwa, mutakolola, mpesawo udulidwa, ndikusiya 10 cm
Zisanu
Ngakhale kuti Arched ndi mitundu yosagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu, iyenera kuphimbidwa nthawi yozizira m'zaka zoyambirira, ngakhale kumadera akumwera. Potentha, ndibwino kuti tisakuike pachiwopsezo ndikuphimba mpesa chaka chilichonse.
Mukadulira, mpesa umakutidwa ndi spanbond kapena agrospan. Zipangizozi ndizabwino chifukwa zimapangitsa nyengo yabwino nthawi yachisanu kuti ipititse mpweya ku mbewu.
Malo achitetezo abwino kwambiri amakhala ndi spunbond kapena agrospan
M'madera akutali a kumpoto, nthambi za mitengo yazipatso amazikonzera pamwamba ndikuwaza ndi dothi. Ngati nyengo yaulere ilibe chipale chofewa, ndiye ndikofunikanso kuphimba mphesa m'madera otentha.
Kuti muteteze zowonjezera, tchire zimakutidwa ndi fir spruce pamwamba.
Ndemanga pa mphesa izi
Arched - zosiyanasiyana zomwe zili ndi zabwino komanso zovuta zake. Zothandiza ndizotsatirazi: mitundu yake imakhala yopanga zipatso komanso yosasunthika, yolimbana ndi matenda, imawoneka yokongola, mpesa wamphamvu kwambiri, komanso wophuka mwamphamvu - ukhoza kubisa doko. Sindinayang'ane kukana chisanu, koma kuweruza ndi kukula kwa mipesa - iyenera kuwonjezeka. Zoyipa: kukoma kwake, kwa ine, ndi udzu wa udzu. Masango siakulu kwambiri, mabulosi nawonso si akulu kwambiri. Gawo losavomerezeka "laulesi" lomwe likugulitsidwa.
Sergey//forum.vinograd.info/showthread.php?t=1493
Mitundu yakucha yakucha. Ngakhale si mtundu watsopano, ndi wabwino kwambiri. Crispy mabulosi okhala ndi shuga wambiri. Chimapachikidwa bwino pachitsamba, pomwe mabulosi amapindika. Amateteza matenda. Kukula. Zochulukitsa ndizambiri, chakudya chimafunika. Sindinawone kuthirira.
Sergey Dandyk//forum.vinograd.info/archive/index.php?t-1493.html
Mitundu ya mphesa zosakhwima imakhala yosasamala, ndiyabwino kukongoletsa malowa ndikukula popanda mavuto. Komabe, kuti mukolole zochuluka, ndikofunikira kuyang'anitsitsa ndikuisamalira, kusunga malamulo odulira matchire ndikusungira nyengo yachisanu.
