Kodi mungapange bwanji cholakwika mukamasankha maluwa okongola? Zithunzi, zochititsa chidwi zokhudza maluwa

Maluwa okongola amawakomera ndi kukongola kwake ndi mitundu yowala, zomwe zimapangitsa munthu aliyense kukhala wosangalala. Mkaziyo amalembedwa bwino kunyumba ndipo amadzichepetsa pa chisamaliro chake. Ngakhale alimi amatha kupanga zomera okha. Ndipo kuwerenga nkhaniyi kudzakuthandizani kukhala kosavuta komanso kosavuta.

Ambiri a orchid, omwe lero angagulidwe m'masitolo, m'misika kapena pa maluwa, ndi osakanizidwa. Palibe choipa mmenemo, chifukwa zikutanthauza kuti obereketsa ngongole amagwira ntchito mwakhama pokolola mitundu yoteroyo kuti ikhale yowonjezereka ndi kusinthidwa kuti zisinthe.

Mtundu uwu uli kuti?

Mwachilengedwe, pali mitundu yofiirira ya ma orchid. Iwo ali a mabanja osiyana. Pafupi mabanja onse akuluakulu a orchids ali ndi mitundu yomwe maluŵa awo amawonekedwe ofiirira.

Mtedza wa orchid wofiirira ukhoza kukhala wolimba kwambiri, umakhala ndi mawonekedwe osalumikizana ndi kugoba mosiyana, kubweretsa maluwa ochepa. Mitundu ina ya orchids wofiirira imabweretsa kuwala, kokoma..

Mitundu ndi mitundu ndi zithunzi zojambula

Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri: Wanda, Cattleya, Dendrobium, Phalaenopsis.

Wanda

Ikhoza kukula kuposa mita imodzi. Ili ndi mizu yotseguka yomwe imatenga chinyezi mlengalenga. Maluwa amenewa safuna dothi kapena gawo lapansi, likhoza kusungidwa mumphika kapena galasi.

Timapereka kuwonera kanema za zizindikiro za kukula kwa orchid:

Ng'ombe

Ng'ombe za orchid zimakhala ndi maluwa akulu onunkhira. Mtundu umakhala wosiyana ndi wofiira kwambiri mpaka wofiirira. Ng'ombe zimakhala zosasamala kwambiri, kotero oyamba kumene ndibwino kusasankha maluwa.

Tikukupatsani inu kuti muwone vidiyo yokhudza zizindikiro za kukula kwa mbozi ya orchid:

Dendrobium

Tsinde labwino, tsamba lokhazikika kapena lalondolate, tsatanetsatane. Mitunduyo imakhala yosiyana, orchid ya izi ingakhale ya mitundu itatu, yachikasu, yoyera-violet, ya lalanje.

Phalaenopsis

M'malo mosamala mosamala, poyerekeza ndi mitundu ina, amatha kupirira kutentha kwapakati (kuyambira 12 mpaka 40 degrees). Zomwezo Chomeracho sichinatchulidwe nthawi yopumula, kusamba madzi kumasowa kamodzi pa sabata. Mtundu umasiyanasiyana kuchokera ku mau mpaka kufiira.

Mbiri yakale

Wolemba wakale wachigiriki Theophrastus, mmodzi mwa mabotolo oyambirira a m'zaka za zana la 300 BC, analenga ntchito "Chidziwitso cha Zomera", kumene mawu akuti "Orchis" amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutchula mtundu wina wa orchid, umene pambuyo pake unapatsa dzina kwa banja lonse la Orchidaceae.

Malangizo osamalira

Nsonga Zomuthandizira Za Orchid Zokuthandizani:

1. Koposa zonse, maluwa a orchid amayamba mizu kumadzulo kapena kumadzulo kwawindo, koma samafuna kuti awonekere dzuwa. Amamva bwino mkati mwa chipinda chokhala ndi nyali yoyera ya fulorosenti, koma nthawi yachisanu imakhala yabwino kwa iye pamene pali kuwala kwoposa maola 14 pa tsiku.
2. Ulamuliro wofunika kutentha: m'chilimwe + 20-25 ° C, m'nyengo yozizira + 16-18 ° C. Ngati kutentha kuli pansipa + 13 ° C, zomera zimatha kufa kapena kudwala.
3. Okonzeka, pamene chipinda chili ndi mpweya watsopano, koma nthawi yomweyo ndikuwopa ma drafts.
4. Momwe mumakhala chinyezi cha 50-70%, ngati chinyezi chiri pansi pa 50%, chomerachi chiyenera kupopedwa kwambiri.
5. Kusankha madzi okwanira, samasowa madzi okwanira nthawi zonse, sayenera kupanga madzi osasinthasintha. Masamba amathiridwa ndi madzi opatulidwa nthawi zonse firiji, m'nyengo yozizira amachitika katatu patsiku.

   Pa nthawi ya maluwa, imapulumukira mosamala kwambiri, osati kugwa pamaluwa ndi madzi, chifukwa mawanga a bulauni amapezeka pamadzi ndi masamba akhoza kugwa pansi.

Kupaka pamwamba

Zaka zingapo zoyambirira, orchid safuna kudyetsa kwina., chifukwa sitolo yayamba kale kupereka chomeracho ndi kuchuluka kwa feteleza. Pa nthawi ya maluwa - m'chilimwe, feteleza zimachitika 2-3 pa mwezi, panthawi ya maluwa - m'nyengo yozizira, feteleza imachitika nthawi ziwiri pamwezi. Ngati palibe maluwa, feteleza imachitika kamodzi pamwezi, kapena ayi.

1. Samalani makalatawa, ayenera kulembedwa kuti: "Kwa ma orchids."
2. Mchere weniweni wa substrate ndi pH = 5.5-6.5. Ngati acidity ndi yapamwamba, ndiye kuti macronutrients sichidzadziwika.
3. Feteleza kuti mubzale ndikugwiritse ntchito ayenera kukhala molingana ndi malangizo.
4. Kuchotsa chomera cha mchere wambiri, kusamba kwa nthaka pansi pa madzi otentha kwa mphindi 15 1 nthawi pa mwezi.

Kuwaza

Maluwa a orchid ayenera kuikidwa mu mphika waukulu, ngati zowoneka kuti chomeracho chakhala chochepa kwambiri ndipo chimatuluka mphika wake.

Kubwezeretsa kumafunika kuchitidwa ngati mizu yagwa., zomwe zingayambidwe ndi chisamaliro chosayenera cha chomeracho.

Chomeracho chimakonda nyengo ya kuzizira, pamene imayimitsa bwino ndipo imayambitsa zonse kukula mofulumira.

1. Chomeracho chimachotsedwa mu mphika ndipo nthaka yakale imachotsedwa, mizu imatsukidwa pansi pamadzi otentha.
2. Msuzi ndiwodulidwa mizu yovunda ndi youma.
3. Mizu imayambitsidwa ndi antiseptic kapena yopanikizidwa ndi malasha.
4. Mphika umene umakambidwa nawo umadzazidwa pang'ono ndi gawo lapansi latsopano.
5. Mizu yakhazikika bwino ndipo imatsanulira ndi gawo lapansi mkati ndi kunja ndipo nthaka yatsopano imathiridwa.
6. Mizu ya mlengalenga yomwe imakula pamwamba pa mphika, masamba ndi malo okula amakhala otseguka.

Tikupereka kuwonera kanema za kusintha kwa orchid:

Zokambirana Pang'onopang'ono Malangizo

Muzu umatuluka

1. Chomera chimachokera ku gawo lapansi, mizu imatsukidwa, mizu imadulidwa.
2. Zigawo zotseguka zili zotetezedwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, phulusa ndi makala oyaka moto kapena makala.
3. Dulani mizu ya mizu yakhala m'magawo osiyana.

Cuttings

Mphukira yapamwamba imatha kufalikira maluwa omwe amadziwika kuti internodes:

1. Mpeni umatetezedwa mwachitsulo ndi mowa kapena peroxide.
2. Kutentha ndikutentha.
3. Dulani tsinde pakati pa mfundozo.
4. Cuttings ali ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ndi ma mala.
5. Anakhala pamiphika osiyana.

Peduncle

1. Peduncle anadulidwa pansi pomwepo.
2. 3-4 masentimita adagawidwa m'magulu.
3. Pa iliyonse imatsalira impso imodzi yakugona.
4. Zigawo zimakonzedwa ndi matabwa kapena makala omangidwa.
5. The cuttings amaika mu mini-wowonjezera kutentha mu wet wet sphagnum moss.
6. Kutentha kumayambira + 25-28 ° C ndipo kumakhala kutentha kwambiri.

Timapereka kuwonera kanema za mapulani a orchid:

Tizilombo

• Shchitovka. Matendawa amawoneka ngati masamba a orchid akuphimbidwa ndi mdima. Amakhala m'madera onse ndipo amamwa kuyamwa kwa zomera.
• Ntchentche yoyera. Agulugufe kamene kamadyetsa maluwa a orchid.

  Kuwoneka kwa gulugufe pa orchid kungapangitse kusintha kwa mtundu wamba wa masamba, duwalo limafooka.

• Kufiira. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amawonekeratu ngati nyemba zoyera zimayambira pa zimayambira. Mmerawo ukhoza kugwa ndipo masamba amasanduka chikasu, ndipo akhoza kufa.

Matenda

• Madzi okwanira amachititsa - Brown kuvunda.
• Kutentha ndi kutentha kwapamwamba zimayambitsa Muzu Rot ndi Powdery Makhalidwe.
• Kutentha kotsika mu chipinda kumayambitsa kuvunda wakuda.
• Kutaya mpweya kumayambitsa - Fusarium zowola.
• Kutentha kutachepa ndi kutentha kwakukulu kumachititsa nkhungu zakuda.
• Kuchulukitsa feteleza, kuwala kowala m'dzinja ndi nyengo ya chilimwe kumayambitsa - tsamba la tsamba.
• Kutentha kwam'madzi ndi madzi omwe amapezeka m'magulu a masamba amachititsa - Kutupa.
• Matenda a chiwindi.

Mukawerenga nkhaniyi mutha kupewa zolakwa zambiri zomwe zimakhudza kusamalira ma orchids. Ngati mumatsatira malangizo onse molondola, mutha kusamalira bwino mbewu, kutalika kwake ndi maluwa.

Timapereka kuwonera kanema za matenda a orchid ndi tizirombo: