Fern ndi chomera chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito zenizeni. Kumeneko kumakula mayi Orlyak? Amagawira pafupifupi padziko lonse lapansi, kupatulapo madera a polar ndi chipululu chosakhalamo. M'madambo, pakati pa mphukira ndi tchire, achinyamata amamva bwino.
Okonda malo odyera m'nyumba amatha kuyenda pamtunda wokongola. Fern Orlyak amatumikira monga chokongoletsera chachikulu kwa chipinda chachikulu kapena nyengo yachisanu. Kukula kwanu kumakhala kosavuta, podziwa za chidwi choyimira zomera zomwe zili zofunika kwambiri.
Fern Orlyak: zithunzi ndi ndondomeko
Mu chilengedwe, alipo mitundu yoposa 10,000 fern Zonsezi zimabalalitsidwa kuzungulira dziko lapansi komanso zaka za kukula zikulowerera kumalo. Malingana ndi nyengo ya dziko lathu, mitundu yambiri ya ferns imakula apa, imodzi mwa iyo ndi Orlyak.
Large mbewu - osathera. Izo zinkawoneka zaka 55 miliyoni zapitazo ndipo ziri imodzi mwa ziŵerengero zazing'ono zakale kwambirizomwe sizinangokhalapo mpaka nthawi yathu, komanso zinasunga maonekedwe awo osasintha. Amakhala pafupifupi masentimita 70 m'litali, ndipo ena mamita 2 kumadera akummwera, komanso odzichepetsa panthaka.
Dzina la fern limagwirizanitsidwa ndi kufanana kwa masamba ake omalizira mpaka nthenga za mphungu. Iye ndi owopsa kwa onse oimira nyama, koma amagwiritsidwa ntchito bwino ndi munthu pokongoletsa malo, kuchipatala komanso kuphika.
Kunyumba, fern Orlyak idzakhala ndi moyo nthawi yayitali kusiyana ndi zochitika zakutchire. Ndibwino kuti, chomera chidzakondweretsa kukula kwa korona kwa zaka zambiri.
Onani momveka bwino frimu ya Orlyak yomwe mungathe pa chithunzi chili pansipa:
Kusamalira kwanu
Fern Orlyak akhoza kukula pakhomo. Kuyanjidwa ndi kuyang'anizana ndi mawonekedwe onse ndi chitsimikizo chakuti mudzatha kukula chomera chokongola ndi chokongola.
Zomwe zimasamalidwa mutagula
Njira yoyamba yopita patsogolo ndiyo kugula fern wathanzi.
Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa maonekedwe ake: masambawo ayenera kukhala otanuka, opanda mawanga achikasu, zigawo zosauka ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, mizu ikhale yoyenera komanso yosasunthika.
Atabweretsa kunyumba kwa Orlyak ayenera kumusiya tsiku limodzi pamalo othuthuka. Ndiye kuziika mu kale anakonzeka lalikulu mphika ndi nthaka kusakaniza.
Mbande yopangira kubzala iyenera kukhala mchenga.
Mazira amakonda nthaka yowonongeka bwino, sangakhale omasuka mu dothi, choncho nthawi zambiri njerwa zimathyoka pansi pa mphika.
Gowo mu mphika ayenera kukumba mozama, kuika chomera chochepa cha kompositi ndikuika mosamala mizu ya chomeracho. Pambuyo pofika, nthawi yomweyo muzitsanulira kwambiri ndi njira yapadera yomwe idzachepetse ndikufulumizitsa kusintha.
Kuunikira
Mu nyumba ya Orlyak nyumba idzasangalala m'malo amdima kutali ndi mabasi oyatsa kutentha. Mawindo a dzuwa amatsutsana mosiyana chifukwa cha iye - ndi bwino kuika mphika ndi chomera chachikulu kumbali yina yawindo.
Kutentha
Fern Orlyak imakhala ndi kutentha kwakukulu kwambiri - kuyambira madigiri 10 mpaka +25.
M'chilimwe, zomera zimatha kutulutsidwa kumalo otetezedwa ku dzuwa, zomwe zimavulaza bulu. Chinthu chachikulu ndichoti chimatetezedwa ku mazira ozizira ndi mphepo.
Adiantum, Polniyornik, Shchitovnik.
Kutentha kwa mpweya
Kunyamukira kunyumba kwa fern Orlyak, ndikofunika kusunga chinyezi. M'chilimwe, korona wokongola ndi tsinde la chomeracho ayenera kukhala wothira nthawi zonse. Masamba ayenera kupopedwa ndi botolo tsiku lililonse, kuthiririra ndi mpweya wozungulira. Kumalo owuma, fern amayamba kupuma.
Kuthirira
Orlyak amakonda kuthirira madzi ambiri Kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn - nthaka yothira kawiri pa sabata, ngakhale pang'ono chabe kuyanika.
M'nyengo yozizira, kuthirira kuchepetsedwa, kupanga njira 1 nthawi masabata awiri. Panthawi imeneyi, kupopera mbewu tsiku ndi tsiku kumakwanira kuti mukhale ndi chinyezi chofunika chomera.
Feteleza ndi kudyetsa
Fern Orlyak amakonda kwambiri feteleza.
Manyowa ayenera kukhala pambuyo pa hibernation kuti abwezeretse mphamvu ndi kulimbitsa kukula. Zimapangidwa kamodzi pa sabata, motero, mlingo woyenera.
Kuwaza
Chomeracho sichimafuna kuika. Izi ndizoyenera kokha pakufika kwa munthu wamkulu, fernenti yoyaka moto nthawi yotentha yotentha, kapena ngati mphika umene umakula umakhala wochepa kwa mizu yambiri.
Kudulira
Mtengo wa korona sufunika kudulira nyengo. Kunyumba kunyumba Orlyak sasiya masamba. Mtsogoleri wochuluka wa banja la lichen m'munda kumapeto kwa masika "adzalowe m'malo" ndi zatsopano, zomwe zidzabwerenso maonekedwe ake akale.
Kuswana
Chomera chodzichepetsa chimabereka m'njira zingapo. N'zotheka kudziwa kuti ndi yani yomwe ili yosavuta kwambiri pambuyo pa kulingalira mwatsatanetsatane wa njira iliyonse.
Spores kuswana
Kumtchire, Orlyak imabzala spores, chifukwa ndi zomera zowonjezera.
Pakhomo la kuswana pakhomo, dulani pepala kuchokera ku chomera, chekeni ndi kuliyika mu envelopu ya pepala yowuma.
Kumapeto kwa January, spores, omwe ndi ufa wabwino, amatsanuliridwa mabokosi okonzedwa ndi nthaka osakaniza, kuthirira ndi botolo lazitsulo ndiphimbidwa ndi galasi lakuda.
Pambuyo pa miyezi iŵiri pamwamba pa nthaka ikuwoneka ngati msipu wobiriwira - ichi ndi maziko a mbande zamtsogolo. Panthawi imeneyi, galasi imachotsedwa kuti ipereke oksijeni.
Pamene zinthu zina zimakula palimodzi ndikuwonjezera kukula kwake, zimatha kuziyika miphika yosiyana ya m'mimba mwake. Pakati pa kasupe, mbande ndi zokonzeka ndipo zingabzalidwe m'nthaka ina. Iyi ndi njira yovuta komanso yosagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri.
Kubalana pogawanitsa chitsamba
Njira yosavuta yopezera zambiri zakubzala ndi kugawanitsa chitsamba kukhala mbali zosiyana. Mitsitsi yokhazikika komanso yolimba ya mbewuyo imakulolani kuti muchite izi popanda kunyalanyaza fern wamkulu ndikupeza ana ambiri okonzekera kubzala.
Njirayi imayambira kumayambiriro kwa masika, kutha kwa chisanu, posachedwa thermometer thermometer ikuwonetsa pamwamba pa 0.
Fern Orlyak sifalitsidwa ndi tubers ndi mphukira.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Fern Orlyak nthawi zambiri amatha kudwala matenda a parasitic. Korona wake imakhudzidwa ndi scythe, thrips, ndi whitefly. Ngati chomeracho sichidathandizidwa pakapita nthawi ndi tizilombo sitinapulumutsidwe, chikhoza kufa. Kulimbana ndi parasitic tizirombo ntchito mankhwala tizilombo. Afunseni mosamala monga mwa malangizo, kuti musamavulaze Orlyak.
Zothandiza
Fern Orlyak sagwiritsidwanso ntchito yokongoletsera zokongoletsera za chiwembu cha nyumba kapena munda.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake bwino mu mankhwala ndi kuphika kumadziwika. Komabe fern Eaglet sizothandiza kokha katundu, komanso zimatsutsana.
Maphunziro okhudza momwe mungagwiritsire ntchito zomera m'madera amenewa ndi ovuta kwambiri.
Madokotala akhala akuzindikira nthawi zambiri machiritso a fern. Nsonga za mphukira zake zazing'ono ndi masamba zimapereka zotsatira zabwino pochiza matenda a mphala ndi dongosolo lakumagazi.
Zili zothandiza pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chifuwa ndipo zimakhala ndi zotsutsana ndi piritsi.
Makamaka ku Orlyak adakondwera kwambiri. Lili ndi zotsatira zochiritsira zokha:
- kumalimbikitsa kukula;
- kumathandiza kusintha kwa ayodini ndi potaziyamu;
- bwino;
- kumatsitsimutsa nkhawa;
- kumalimbikitsa chitetezo chachikulu;
- kumathandiza kufulumizitsa zamagetsi.
Asayansi a ku Japan amanena kuti kugwiritsa ntchito fern rhizome decoction kumagwira ntchito mpweya wa radionuclides.
M'mayiko a ku Asia, mchitidwe wogwiritsa ntchito mphukira zazing'ono zomwe sizinafikepo. Amatchedwa "misomali" pofanana ndi nyamayi. Mphukira zowopsya ndizoopsa komanso zosayenera kwa chakudya.
Mphukira yachinyamata - chokoma chenicheni. Zikhoza kuphikidwa, yokazinga, kuphika ndi kuwonjezeredwa ku saladi. Mphukira zosasinthika zimakhala zoopsa pambuyo pa masiku awiri. Mwa kulawa, Orlyak ikufanana ndi bowa, motero, ndi malo ogwiritsira ntchito kuphika ndi ofanana.
Contraindications
Asayansi ambiri amakayikira za kugwiritsa ntchito fern kwa mankhwala ndi zamakono. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti madzi a maluwa amakhala ndi poizoni.
Kudziletsa sikuletsedwa. Zonsezi ziyenera kupangidwa ndi dokotala yemwe akupezekapo pambuyo pa zolemba zambiri za odwala.
Kugwiritsa ntchito kwa Orlyak kumatsutsana:
- amayi apakati;
- amayi oyamwitsa;
- ana;
- odwala osagwirizana ndi mankhwalawa.
Zizindikiro za Poizoni wa Fern Kutchulidwa: kunyowa, chizungulire choopsa, kusanza, kusokonezeka, mavuto a impso ndi chiwindi.
Fern Orlyak amatenga malo abwino pakati pa zomera zokongola. N'zosavuta kuti mumusamalire, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakondweretsa aliyense wotsegula kunyumba.
