Nyamakazi zakhala zikukhalapo ndipo zidzakhalabe zokondedwa za olima. Zokongola zomera ndi zodabwitsa yaitali yaitali maluwa azikongoletsa nyumba ndi kukondwera diso. Tsopano ife tikuganizira zochitika ndi malamulo oyang'anira mitundu yamaluwa a "orchid" "Cumbria". Mudzafuna maluwa odabwitsa awa.
Kufotokozera
Cumbria ndi maluwa osakanizidwa omwe amafalitsidwa mwa kudutsa mitundu itatu ya orchid, yomwe ndi:
- Miltonia (Lat. Miltonia), kapena pansies;
- Brassia (Brassia) "kangaude orchid";
- Oncidium (Oncidium).
Mukudziwa? "Cumbria" imatchedwanso "asterisk" chifukwa cha kufanana kwakukulu kwa maluwa ndi nyenyezi.
Cumbria ili ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana; Anthu ambiri molakwika amaganiza kuti izi ndi mitundu yonse ya orchid. Chikhalidwe chakunja "Cumbria" ndi chonchi:
- pseudobulbs (zakudya zopatsa thanzi panthawi yovuta kukula);
- masamba ochepa ndi oblong;
- kukula kwa mphukira;
- "Cumbria" amatanthawuza maonekedwe a maluwa okongola (izi ndi pamene imodzi mwazitsulo zam'mimba zimapanga mofulumira kwambiri moti zimatengera kutsogolo kwa imodzi, chifukwa chake chimachokera kapena chimwalira);
- pseudobulbs ali ndi mawonekedwe oblong, amapangidwa bwino ndipo amafika kutalika kwa masentimita 8;
- 2-3 pseudobulbs ndi tsamba lakuda lobiriwira ndi mitsempha pakati liikidwa pa iwo, iwo ali pafupi masentimita 50;
- Maluwa amabwera mumitundu yosiyanasiyana yomwe imalowa mkati mwake ndi mamita 50 mm mpaka 10 cm.
Zizindikiro za kukula
Kukula "Cumbria" makamaka kummawa, kumpoto-kum'mawa kapena kumadzulo zenera-sills. Ngati mawindo akuyang'ana kum'mwera ndi kum'mwera chakumadzulo, ndiye kuti orchid (m'chilimwe) ayenera kuvekedwa ndi gauze kapena nsalu yabwino. Masamba a duwa ndi owopsa kwambiri: ngati mumathirira mvula, iwo angakhalebe madontho. Kuwonongeka kosasinthika kwa masamba kumapangitsa kugwedezeka kwa dzuwa.
Mukudziwa? Ngakhale mitundu yambiri yamaluwa - mitundu pafupifupi 35,000 ya zomera izi zimadziwika - maluwa awo onse, mosiyana ndi mawonekedwe ake, amawongolera mofanana. Maluwa onse ali ndi sepals atatu ndi petals zitatu, imodzi yomwe ili yowoneka yayikuru ndi yowala kuposa iwiri zina.
Kuswana
Nthawi yabwino yobereka "Cumbria" ndi kuyamba kwa masika (March - kumayambiriro kwa April). Pa nthawiyi, akukonzekera kuti achoke pazipatala. Orchid iyenera kufalitsidwa itatha. Mwachikhalidwe, "Cumbria" imafalitsidwa ndi kugawa chitsamba.
Ndondomeko yogawanitsa chitsamba:
- Lembani mizu ya maluwa m'madzi (kupewa kuwonongeka kwa mizu yotentha ndi makungwa kapena zigawo zina za nthaka);
- onetsetsani zipangizo (moto kapena mowa) zomwe muzigwiritsa ntchito;
- chotsani mawonekedwe a orchid ovunda;
- Onetsetsani kuti chitsamba chigawike mu magawo awiri, yesetsani kusokoneza mizu;
- kudula masamba ndi kuwonongeka kwina ndi mafuta amakala;
- kuchotsani muzu wa dziko lapansi wakale ndi kuwuma;
- Thirani chomera mu nthaka yatsopano.
Chisamaliro
Malamulo a chisamaliro cha "Cumbria" ndi osavuta komanso osafuna, chifukwa wosakanizidwayi adalengedwa ndi kuyembekezera kukonza m'nyumba yamba.
Dzidziwitse nokha ndi mamembala a banja la Orchid monga Ng'ombe, Phalaenopsis, Wanda, Cymbidium, ndi Bletilla.
Zinthu
Kutentha kwabwino kwa mapiri a orchid kuyambira 15 ° C mpaka 25 ° C. Ndi yabwino kwa usana ndi usiku kutentha. Ngati mukufuna kuti maluwa anu azikhala mofulumira, perekani ndi kutentha kwa malo okwera (15-20 ° C). Kuunikira kwa orchid kumayenera kusankhidwa ndi kutumiza kwabwino, kotero maluwa adzakhala bwino kwambiri, ndipo maluwawo adzakhala aakulu. Panthawi imodzimodziyo, "Cumbria" imayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa - amawotcha masamba otsala ndipo patapita nthawi amayamba kutembenuka chikasu (pakali pano, duwa liyenera kusamukira kumalo ena).
Ndikofunikira! M'nyengo yozizira, orchid makamaka imafunikira kutumiza kwabwino, kotero imayenera kusunthira kumalo okongola kwambiri. Ngati ndi kotheka, mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito phytolamps.Chinyezimu nthawi ya zamoyo zina zosafunikira. Maluwa a orchid samayamwa madzi, chifukwa panthawi ino maluwa amaikidwa ndipo kukula kumatuluka, ndipo pakatha maluwa. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuganizira pafupi ndi maluwawo ku magetsi otentha (mabatire kapena heaters fan). Ngati chomera chili pafupi ndi magetsi, ikani mbale / madzi pafupi nawo kapena perekani mpweya kuzungulira tsiku lililonse, ndikuyesera kuti usagwe pa masamba.
Nthaka ya orchids iyenera kuphatikizapo makungwa onse (masentimita 2-3 masentimita). Ngati kutumphuka ukuphwanyidwa ndikumakhala ngati mtanda wa dziko lapansi - kuuponyera kutali, gawo lotere sililola mpweya kudutsa ndikusunga madzi. Pachifukwa ichi, mizu ya "nyenyezi" idzayamba kuvunda ndi kuvulaza mbewu. Nthawi zina polystyrene imaphatikizidwa ku makungwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kufulumira kuyanika kunja kwa madzi owonjezera. Mahala, sphagnum moss ndi mizu ya fern akhoza kuwonjezedwa kunthaka.
Chomera choyenera chiyenera:
- kuletsa chinyezi kwa mizu;
- musapange kuyamwa (chinyezi sayenera kukhala nthawi yayitali mu thanki);
- passani mpweya (musakhale wandiweyani).
Kuthirira
Mizu ya orchid ndi yovuta kwambiri. Kuziteteza ku zowola, kuthirira kutentha kumachitika kamodzi pa sabata, komanso mvula kapena kuzizira - kamodzi pa milungu iwiri iliyonse. Ndi kuthirira tsiku ndi tsiku chomeracho chidzachoka pa kuchuluka kwa madzi ndi kuwonongeka. Madzi okwanira ayenera kuthiwidwa kapena osankhidwa, "Cumbria" imakhala yotengeka kwambiri ndi madzi. Mukhozanso kuika mphika mumadzi kwa theka la ola ndikutsanulira maluwa mpaka utatha.
Ndikofunikira! Cumbria ndisavuta kulekerera chilala kusiyana ndi madzi osadziwika.
Kupaka pamwamba
Pa kukula, orchid imamera ndi maonekedwe apadera. Amatha kufikira nthawi yamaluwa, pambuyo pa kuyimitsa kulikonse. Samalani, gwiritsani ntchito theka la mlingo kusiyana ndi momwe zilili pa phukusi, kuti musayatse mizu yovuta ya "Cumbria".
Kuwaza
Maluwa salola kuti kusintha kwapadera; ngati kuli koyenera, imafalitsidwa kamodzi pakatha zaka ziwiri (pamene mizu siikwanira mu mphika, ndipo kukula kwake kudzachedwa pang'onopang'ono). Nthaŵi yabwino yowonjezera imatengedwa nthawi yomwe mizu sinkawoneke pa babu.
Kuika pang'onopang'ono "Cumbria":
- chotsani maluwa kuchokera mu mphika;
- Pukutsani nyemba ndi makungwa (ngati pali kukhudzana, amafunikanso kuchotsedwa);
- Ikani khungu ndi thovu pansi pa mphika (kuti mizu isakhale m'madzi mukamamwetsa);
- ikani chomera pa ngodya ya 90 °;
- timagona ndi makungwa atsopano, zidutswa za malasha ndi moss;
- Sitikumwa kwa sabata (kuti mabalawo adziwe).
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Anamaluwa amatha kugwidwa ndi scythe - tizilombo toda kwambiri tomwe tili ndi chipolopolo cholimba kwambiri, chofanana ndi mitsempha yambirimbiri; Amamatirira masamba (makamaka aang'ono) ndi kumamwa madzi onse pammera. Masamba atakhala okonzeka ndi kukhuta kokoma. Kulimbana ndi tizirombo amafunika tizilombo todabwitsa, kutsatira malangizo, malinga ndi zovuta za kugonjetsedwa. Ndi nyengo yabwino, duwa likhoza kuikidwa pamsewu (osati pamdima wambiri). Dothi la maluwa liyenera kulowetsedwa.
Mungathe kulimbana ndi tizirombo mothandizidwa ndi mankhwala monga: "Aktara", "Confidor" ndi "Malathion".
Matenda opatsirana a fungal ndi mabakiteriya amatha kuonekera ku Cumbria. Kuti muwachotse iwo, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito fungicides (mankhwala opatsirana ndi matenda a fungus). Patatha chithandizochi, timasintha duwa ndikuwaza dziko ndi makala. Mukawona maonekedwe oyera pa masamba ndi zimayambira za orchid, mwinamwake ndi salinization ya substrate. Kuchiza, kuthirira madzi ndi madzi owiritsa, kusiya kudya ndi kubwezeretsa nthaka. "Cumbria" - zodabwitsa maluwa wosakanizidwa, okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izi zimafuna kuchepetsa madzi osakaniza ndi osaphatikizapo, omwe samasokoneza wokhala mumzinda, okonda maluwa ndi wamaluwa.
