Enotera - Ili ndi maluwa osatha, omwe amadziwika ndi dzina lake lachiwiri, monga: "usiku primrose" kapena "kandulo yamadzulo". Chomera chikuyenerera mayina otere chifukwa cha mtundu wake wa golide wa masamba ndi kuphulika kwambiri madzulo.
Mukudziwa? Nthenda yotereyi imaphatikizapo kuchuluka kwa zomera zapachaka, zabwino komanso zosatha zitsamba.
Kusamalira chozizwitsa chagolide sikovuta, ndipo tidzatsimikizira izi m'nkhaniyi.
Mitundu yayikulu ya osotere
Pali mitundu pafupifupi 150 ya madzulo omwe amafunidwa ndi florists. Olima amaluwa amakonda makamaka mitundu yambiri ya zomera: Kokometsera, Krupnotsvetkovuyu, Bush, Missouri ndi Tetragonal.
Zosangalatsa
Enotera iyi imakonda mthunzi kwambiri. Choncho malo oti mubzala azikhala mumthunzi, kapena pangakhale kanyumba kakang'ono kamene kali pafupi ndi chomeracho. Enotera Yamoto imakula mpaka mamita 1 mu msinkhu ndipo imagwirizana bwino ndi maluwa ena chifukwa cha kukula kwake. Maluwa a madzulo a primrose ndi achikasu ndi aakulu. Makamaka mtundu uwu weniweni womwe ukhoza kusiya masamba ake kutseguka tsiku lonse.
Zimakhala zazikulu
Enotera grandiflora amatchedwanso zaka ziwiri. Ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri mu chikhalidwe cha abulu ndipo imakula mpaka mamita awiri. Maluwa ali ndi chikasu chowala bwino ndi fungo losangalatsa, lomwe limakhala makamaka madzulo kapena usiku.
Mukudziwa? Zikuoneka kuti zimatchedwa mbulu chifukwa masamba a primrose amaoneka ngati makutu a bulu.
Shrub
Chomerachi chimasiyana ndi mitundu ina yazinyalala chifukwa imakula mpaka masentimita 90 mu msinkhu ndipo imakhala ndi mphamvu, nthambi zambiri zimayambira ndi nthambi zachikasu. Maluwa amapanga maluwa kukongola kwa zitsamba za enoteru, makamaka mu kugwa, pamene masamba a chomera amakhala ofiira magazi.
Missouri
Mayiko osiyanasiyana - kum'mwera kwa North America. Ichi ndi chitsamba chosatha chomwe chimakwera mpaka masentimita 40 mu msinkhu. Mitundu yotereyi yomwe ikukula kwambiri imakhala ndi maluwa akuluakulu omwe amatha kufika masentimita 10. Maonekedwe a maluwa amafanana ndi makapu. Missouri yotchukayi ndi yachilendo chifukwa imatulutsa nthawi yonse ya chilimwe mpaka chisanu. Fungo labwino ndi losavuta ndipo limapereka ndondomeko ya citrus.
Zachiwiri
Mitundu ya zomera izi ndikummawa kwa North America. Enotera quadrangular imakula mpaka masentimita 70 m'litali ndipo imakhala ndi masentimita makumi asanu ndi awiri (45 cm) a chithokomiro chachikasu. Maluwa usiku amachititsa kuti tetrahedral isadutse kuyambira June mpaka August.
Mbali za kukwera ndi kubalana kwa enotri
Kuyala madzulo primrose sikudzakhala kovuta kwa florists, komanso kusamalira zomera. Zimachokera ku mbewu zomwe zomera zimayambira. Chinthu chachikulu ndikusankha malo abwino odzala mbeu za anotera. Tidzakambirana izi m'magulu otsatirawa.
Kufesa mbewu poyera
Enotera amakonda malo a dzuwa, choncho ngati malo anu ali kumwera, mbewu zimabzalidwa mwachindunji pansi. Kukula enoteru kuchokera ku mbewu sikuli kosavuta, monga chomera chimakhala ndi zinthu zina.
Mbewu za madzulo madzulo zimasonkhanitsidwa mpaka kumapeto kwa September, koma ngati mlimiyo alibe chifukwa chochita izi, ndiye kuti nyerere zimangozifalitsa pa tsamba.
Ndikofunikira! Enotera silingalole chinyezi chambiri, choncho malo abwino oti mubzala adzakhale ndi nthaka ndi mchenga.
Nthawi yomweyo musanabzala mbewu, nthaka iyenera kumera ndi potash-phosphorus pamwamba pa kuvala ndi humus. Chiwembu chobzala chimakumba fosholo imodzi pansi ndipo imamwetsa mochuluka. Mbewu imafesedwa mozama masentimita atatu ndipo ili ndi nthaka.
Kubzala mbande zazikulu
Nyerere ikhoza kubzalidwa nthawi yomweyo, koma alimi amamera mbewu zoyamba. Izi ndizowonjezereka, chifukwa maluwawo amapezeka chaka choyamba mutabzala.
Pachifukwa ichi, florists amafesa mbewu mu miphika ndi peat mu February. Phimbani mphika ndi filimu musanayambe mphukira. Kenaka filimuyo iyenera kuchotsedwa ndi kuthiridwa moyenera mpaka mbewuyo ili ndi masamba 5-6. Mbande zoterezi zimathamangira kumalo osatseguka osati kale kuposa May. Kuzama kwa mabowo okubzala ayenera kukhala osachepera 50 masentimita. Mtunda wa pakati pa mbande zowonjezera uyenera kukhala masentimita 60. Mutabzala, dothi lothira.
Mukudziwa? Enotera ndi imodzi mwa zomera zomwe zimatha kukhala madzulo a chilimwe kukhala madyerero.
Kugawa chitsamba
Kukula mbewuyi sikumangokhala mbewu. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi, monga kugawidwa kwazinyalala. Mu Meyi kapena kumayambiriro kwa September, tchire timagawidwa kukhala delenki ndikuikidwa pamalo atsopano. Kwenikweni amasankha mizu yokwawa ndi kukula.
Mukhoza kubwezera nthawi yonse, ngakhale maluwa. Zomera zimakhala zamphamvu ndipo zimatha kusunga mawonekedwe popanda madzi ndi nthaka kwa masiku angapo. Pambuyo pake, mizu imakula bwino ndikukula mofulumira.
Ndikofunikira! Musayambe kubzala mbewu nthawi yotentha, monga mtengo wamadzulo ungaume.
Kuphatikizidwa kwa usiku primrose ndi zomera zina
Popeza madzulo madzulo ali ndi mizu yamphamvu kwambiri yomwe imakula mofulumira, maluwa angayambitse zomera zina ngati atabzalidwa pamtunda wosakwanira.
Enotera bwino ndikuwonana mogwirizana ndi magulu a magulu. Mitundu yapamwamba imawoneka bwino kumbuyo, ndipo pansi mukhoza kukonza mabelu kapena mapulaneti.
Ngati muli ndi malonda ochepa, mukhoza kuwabzala m'mapiri a Alps ndi lobelia.
Mmene mungasamalirire zovuta pa webusaitiyi
Mutabzala, madzulo primrose amafunikira chomera kuti chisamalire bwino.
Enotera sakonda kusamba kwa madzi nthawi zonse pamidzi, zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka ndi imfa ya duwa. Maluwawo amathiriridwa m'nyengo yotentha ndi youma ya chilimwe, monga pa nthawi ino dziko lapansi limalira. Achinyamata amafunika kumwa madzi ambiri komanso kawirikawiri.
M'chaka choyamba, nyemba sizitanthauza feteleza, chifukwa gawo la zakudya zowonjezera zowonjezera zidakonzedwa kale kunthaka musanadzalemo. M'zaka zotsatirazi, zomera zimayenera kukhala composted. Pa yogwira maluwa ndi kukula, potaziyamu sulphate ndi matabwa phulusa amawonjezeredwa pamwamba kuvala.
Komanso, nthaka pansi pa chomera iyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse. Amadyetsa dziko lapansi ndi mpweya. Ndikofunika kuchotsa namsongole, chifukwa angathe kuchepetsa kukula kwa zomera.
Mukudziwa? Madzulo oyambilira mafuta amachititsa kuti amayi azikhala bwino pa masiku ovuta, amathandizira kukhala ndi thupi, kuchepetsa kutaya mafuta m'thupi.
Njira yophukira ndi yozizira madzulo
The primrose kudulira ikuchitika kamodzi, mu kugwa, chifukwa zonse pamwamba-pansi gawo la maluwa kudula pa nthaka mlingo.
Chomeracho ndi chopanda chisanu ndipo sichifuna malo olimba m'nyengo yozizira. Mutatha kudula madzulo madzulo, kudzakhala kokwanira kuti muzitha kulemera mpaka masentimita asanu. Peat kapena kompositi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitetezo. M'chaka choyamba, achinyamata achinyamata amanyamula lapniknik. Zotentha za Enotera popanda mavuto ndipo sizikusowa chisamaliro panthawiyi.
Kukana kwa madzulo primrose matenda
Kukula ndi kusamalira enothero sikumayambitsa vuto lililonse. Koma izi sizowonjezera zokha za duwa. Ikugwiritsanso chidwi pakukaniza kwake matenda ndi tizilombo toononga. Popanda kusamalira, simudzakumana ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, koma pali matenda amodzi omwe angakhudze chomera chanu.
Mame a Mealy - Ndi matenda a fungal omwe amadziwonetsera mu zomera zazing'ono. White powdery scurf ikuwonekera pa masamba, akuwombera ndi masamba. Patapita nthawi, chipikacho chimawombera mdima, ndipo matendawa amawoneka ofiira. Masamba ali opunduka ndi owuma. Mafinya amauma, ndipo samawululidwa.
Pamaso maluwa a madzulo primrose, onetsetsani kuti muteteze colloidal sulfure. Pa zizindikiro zoyamba za matenda, tsambulani masamba ndi yankho la soda phulusa ndi sopo. Ngati mumadalira mankhwala ambiri, mungagwiritse ntchito mankhwala monga Scor ndi Horus.
Mukudziwa? Mizu ya madzulo primrose ili ndi shuga wochuluka, wowonjezera ndi inulini, masamba ali ndi vitamini C wambiri, amakhalanso ndi vitamin A ochepa pa P.
Enotera ndi chomera chokongola chomwe chimakhalanso chodzichepetsa kuti chisamalire. Ngati mwasankha kukongoletsa udzu wanu ndi maluwa okongola achikasu, chomerachi ndi choyenera kupanga zinthu zosangalatsa.
