Mlendo wokoma kuchokera ku Holland - mbatata ya Innovator: zosiyanasiyana zofotokozera, makhalidwe

Dutch mbatata kuswana Innovator ndi imodzi mwa mitundu khumi padziko kupanga kuphika French ndi kuyaka mu zojambulazo.

Kukhala ndi kukoma kokoma, kugulitsa katundu, kusunga khalidwe, kuthamanga kwa matenda, Innovator imapangidwa bwino mu agrofirms ndi minda.

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za zosiyanasiyana, makhalidwe ake, zenizeni za kulima ndi chizoloŵezi cha matenda.

Yotsatira

Innovator (Innovator) anagwidwa ndi obereketsa kampani ya Dutch H ZPPC Holland B.V. (Holland B.V. HZPC), yemwe ali woyambitsa, mwiniwake wa chiphatso ndi malo opereka mbewu ndi mbewu za mbeu zosiyanasiyana zamsika.

HZPC Holland B.V. amatenga malo otsogolera ku msika wa mdziko wa mbatata. Zogulitsa kunja kwa mayiko ku Ulaya, Asia, North ndi South America, Africa.

Amapanga mitundu yokolola yokonzekera kuti igulidwe mu masitolo akuluakulu, zopangira zokolola m'maketanga apamwamba, kupanga zipsu, mafungo a French.

Ku Russia anagwiritsa ntchito mbewu zamtendere anapanga pamaziko a nthambi yaikulu ya mbewu yomwe ili m'dera la Leningrad. Pofuna kupewa kuberekeranso, kuwonjezeka kwa matenda opatsirana omwe amatha, mbewu zonse zimapangidwa ndi magulu E (elite), A (woyamba kubereka).

Mu 2002, mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata Innovator inalembedwa mu Register Register ya Russian Federation mu 3.4, 5 madera (Central, Central Chernozemny, Volgo-Vyatsky). Wadutsa malamulo ku Moldova, Ukraine.

Kufotokozera zosiyanasiyana Innovator

• wamtali wamtali kapena wamtali wa shrub wa ochepa-wowongoka, wowongoka, wozembera pang'ono;
• kuchulukitsitsa kwachuluka ndipakati;
• tsamba la mtundu wobiriwira;
• Kuwopsya kwa masamba kulikonse;
• pepala lotseguka;
• nsonga zikukula mofulumira;
• maluwa ambiri;
• mapangidwe a mabulosi ndi ofooka;
• mawonekedwe a tuber kuchokera ku-oval-oval mpaka yaitali;
• maso ang'onoang'ono, opunduka;
• mbatata peel Innovator kuwala kofiira, kabokosi, kirimu. Zovuta kukhudza;
• thupi ndi lowala. Samasintha mtundu pamene utentha ndi kuphika.

Zizindikiro

Icho chiri cha pakati-gulu loyambirira. Akufika kukhwima la masiku 70-90 mutabzala.

Mitengo yosiyanasiyana ya mbatata (gulu B). Zinayendetsedwa kwa mafakitale processing, chifukwa mwachangu mumafuta kwambiri. Kukumana ndivotere kuchokera kokwanilitsa kwa zabwino.

Udindo wa wopanga monga mkulu wogonjera zosiyanasiyana. Kawirikawiri zokolola zamakono zimadutsa muyezo wa Lugovskiy ndi 23-108 c / ha ndipo ndi 155-319 c / ha. Mtengo wapamwamba wa anthu 344 pa hekitala unasonkhanitsidwa ku dera la Kirov.

Timers zamalonda zimakhala zolemera kuchokera pa 83 mpaka 147 g. Zakudya zowonjezera ndi 12-15%. Ili ndi nkhani 21.3% youma. Zochepa zochepetsera shuga.

Yerekezerani khalidwe ili la mbatata, monga zomwe zimapezeka mu starch zingathe kufaniziridwa pogwiritsira ntchito tebulo ili pansipa:

Kugula ndi 82-96%. Mphamvu yosungirako mbatata - 95%. Nthawi yapuma yopuma. Mbatata amasamutsa kayendedwe palibe kuwonongeka.

Gome ili m'munsi likuwonetsa khalidwe la kusunga mitundu ina ya mbatata:

Maluso

• kukana chilala;
• mbatata ndi yopanda nthaka;
• pa kayendetsedwe ndi kusungirako mdima wandiweyani, zowonongeka, zipsu zimapangidwa;
• ali ndi mwayi waukulu wopanga makampani;
• imasonyeza zotsatira zabwino mukakula kuchokera ku mbewu.

Werengani zambiri za nthawi yosungiramo mbatata, kutentha, zotheka. Komanso momwe mungasungire mizu m'nyengo yozizira, pa khonde, muzitsulo, mufiriji, peeled.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Kusamalitsa kwa kansa ya kansa ya tuber. Chitetezo chamadzi ku mbatata wotumbululuka nematode. Ambiri chiwopsezo phytophthora wa nsonga ndi masamba, tubers, nkhanambo. Mbatata amawoneka ngati cyst-kupanga golide mbatata nematode, rizontoniozy.

Werenganinso za Alternaria, Fusarium, Verticillis, Kuwonongeka kwanthawi yayitali pa mbatata.

Chithunzi

Chithunzichi chikusonyeza Innovator ya mbatata:

Kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamagetsi

Anagwidwa ndi kulima mafakitale m'mitengo yambiri ya mbatata kumafuna kukhazikitsa njira zoyenera zaulimi. Kuyala zinthu kumera, kumera zomera, kuzungulira, kuchiritsidwa ndi zolimbikitsa, bactericidal ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo.

Kuti apange mbatata yoyambirira, kumera kumayamba masiku 40-50 asanadzalemo.
Kwa izi:

1. Masentimita 2-3 masentimita aziika mbewu za tubers mabokosi.
2. Kutayidwa ndi madzi 1-2 pa tsiku.
3. Sungani kutentha: sabata yoyamba + 18-20 ° C, kenako - + 15-17 ° C.
4. Pambuyo masabata atatu, chitani kukanidwa.
5. Mitundu ya tubers yomwe imapangidwa bwino, imamera.
6. Ikani kuphuka mumabokosi ndi kutsanulira mu 3-4 masentimita a humus, kuwaza ndi humus kapena peat, pangani mzere wotsatira, bwerezani ufa.
7. Chiwerengero cha mizera sayenera kupitirira 3-4. Sungani mbatata ndi yankho la mchere feteleza.

Sungani Wopanga Choyambitsa Limbikitsani kuika m'mapiri okwera. Mu Russian nyengo nyengo, kufesa mbatata ikuchitika May. Amakhala mtunda wa pakati pa 70-75 cm, pakati pa tubers ndi gawo la 28/35 mm - 25 masentimita, 35/59 mm - 32 masentimita, 50-55 mm - masentimita 40.

Maluwa ozungulira pambuyo pa sideratov (lupine, tirigu, nyemba, zitsamba zapachaka komanso zosatha), mbewu za m'munda (tomato, anyezi, nkhaka, kabichi, adyo, tsabola).

Mitundu ya mbatata Innovator imakonda malo ochepa, osalowerera ndale. Zokolola zabwino zimapezeka mchenga ndi mchenga.

Ngati ndi kotheka, pindulani, kukulitsa, kuyanjanitsa mavitamini a nthaka. Musanabzala, zovuta mchere feteleza ndi nkhuni phulusa. Zosiyanasiyana zimakhudza kuyambira kwa chakudya chamtendere, zowonongeka kompositi, manyowa.

Werengani zambiri za momwe mungapangidwire nthawi ndi nthawi yanji, momwe mungachitire mukamabzala, ndiyani makamaka zomwe muyenera kudyetsa zomera.

Kupalira, hilling amathera katatu kwa nyengo. Pofuna kuteteza namsongole, fulani dera lanu ndi metribuzin ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo, gwiritsani ntchito mulching.

Pofuna kuthana ndi matenda a fungal omwe ali wamba, muyenera kusamala mosamala. Iyenera kukhala yathanzi komanso yochiritsidwa ndi fungicides.

Pa webusaiti yathu mudzapeza zipangizo zowonjezera pa mbatata yopopera mbewu komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mankhwala, kuphatikizapo herbicides.

Yoyamba kuthirira mbatata ikuchitika pa mapangidwe masamba, yachiwiri - pambuyo maluwa. Kenaka, madzi moyenera, malingana ndi nyengo. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi cha nthaka kungayambitse matenda a mbatata tubers ndi zowola.

Ngakhale kukana kwa Innovator kwa matenda ambiri kangapo kuyendera nsonga za mbatata. Mukamazindikira zizindikiro za matendawa, mumakhala ndi njira zamakono kapena zamakampani.

Mitengo ya mbatata Innovator siinayambe yafalikira pakati pa alimi a mbatata. Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwapa, makampani akuluakulu ndi mabungwe akuluakulu azaulimi omwe amalima mbatata kuti agulitse malonda, perekani zosangalatsa.

Pali njira zambiri zowonjezera mbatata. Werengani zambiri za teknoloji ya Dutch, kulima mitundu yoyambirira, potsata mbewu popanda hilling ndi weeding. Ndiponso za njira zomwe zikukula pansi pa udzu, m'matumba, mu mbiya, mabokosi.

Timaperekanso kudzidziwitsira ndi mitundu ina ya mbatata yomwe ili ndi mawu osiyana: