Mitengo ya mphesa "Valentine" chaka chilichonse imakondweretsa wamaluwa ndi zokolola zochuluka za zipatso zonunkhira ndi zonunkhira. Masamba ake opanga maulendo nthawi zambiri amakhala aakulu kwambiri.
Poyesa kuti ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya msika, imakula bwino osati m'minda yamaluwa, komanso m'minda yamaluwa.
"Valentine" siimapereka zofuna zapadera kuti azisamalidwa ndipo amayenera kukhala osiyana siyana a ogulitsa vinyo.
Mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana a Valentine
Mphesa "Valentine" imatanthauzira mitundu ya mphesa yomwe ili ndi nthawi yokolola. Mawu omwewo ali ndi mphatso ya Zaporozhye, Valentine ndi Woyamba Kuitanidwa.
Zosiyanasiyana zimakhala ndi kukoma kokometsa, maonekedwe okongola, kupirira kwa matenda ena ndi zina zambiri zabwino. Mphesa ndi chokoma kwambiri, komanso, monga Ubwenzi, Krasin kapena Tempranillo ndizoyenera kupanga vinyo ndi timadziti.
Osadziwa zambiri wamaluwa nthawi zina kusokoneza "Valentina" ndi zosiyanasiyana "Valentin" ("Androkos"). Izi ndi zosiyana kwambiri, zomwe zipatso zake zili zobiriwira.
Kuwonekera kwa mphesa
Mphesa "Valentine" imatchuka chifukwa cha zitsamba zopanda mphamvu ndi mipesa ikukula kwambiri. Maonekedwe a mphesa ndi osasunthika, osungunuka, omwe amagawanika m'munsi.
Mndandanda umasiyana ndi masango akuluakulu. Zitsanzo zina zimatha kufika masentimita 40 m'litali ndi 1.5 makilogalamu. Masango akulu amakhalanso ndi maonekedwe a mitundu Yoyamba, Yokondweretsa ndi Merlot.
"Valentina" zipatso ndi zokongola komanso zazikulu kwambiri, zolemera kufika 16 g, mpaka 26 mm kupitirira mpaka 44 mm kutalika. Mmene chipatsocho chimapangidwira ndi kupindika pang'ono.
Mitundu ya zipatsozo ndi golide wachikasu kapena chikasu chachikasu padzuwa. Pa khungu pali "zabwino", zomwe zimatengedwa kuti ndi "Valentina". Pamphepete mwa zipatso zamtundu wowala kwambiri dzuwa liri ndi tani yofiirira. Mitundu ya zipatso zimapsa nthawi yomweyo. Makuluwa sakhala pansi pa mtola.
Zipatso za chipatsocho ndi zovuta kwambiri ndipo zimawoneka kuti zasungunuka pakamwa. Khungu ndi lochepa thupi, limadya mosavuta. Mwala mu chipatso - kuyambira 1 mpaka 2 zidutswa. Kukoma kwa zipatso zimagwirizana ndi kukoma pang'ono kwa maluwa. Mabulosi okoma bwino ali ndi zonunkhira zosakaniza. Acidity ya chipatso - kuchokera 5 mpaka 6 g / l, shuga wokhutira - kuyambira 16 mpaka 19%. Ndi katswiri wodziwa, zosiyanasiyana zinapatsidwa chiwerengero cha 8.6 mfundo.
Galahad, Kuban ndi Strasensky amakhalanso ndi zolaula zabwino.
Mbiri yobereketsa ndi dera loswana
Mphesa "Valentine" - ndi zotsatira za ntchito ya obereketsa VNIIVIV iwo. Ya.I. Potapenko Novocherkassk mumzinda.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imalumikizidwa ndi kuyenda kovuta kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nyengo ya Muscat ndi yosakanizidwa yomwe imapezeka kuchokera ku Arcadia ndi Chisangalalo. "Valentine" amatanthawuza kuphimba kapena kumapeto kwa mitundu ya mphesa. Amakula m'madera ambiri a ku Russia, kuyambira ku Moscow mpaka ku Astrakhan, koma ndi malo ogona oti azikhala m'nyengo yozizira.
Zizindikiro
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imapanga zokolola zapamwamba ndi zolimba chaka chilichonse.Amayamba kubala chipatso m'chaka chachiwiri cha moyo. Zipatso zowonjezereka mu masiku 140 kuyambira pachiyambi cha mphukira kapena pang'ono. Fruiting yoyamba si yambiri, koma chaka chamawa mutha kuyembekezera kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola za 1.5, kapena 2 nthawi. Zipatso za mphesa zabwino - kuyambira 60 mpaka 75%. Mphukira zitatu zowonjezera. Pamene kudulira pa mpesa kumachoka pa masamba 8 mpaka 12.
Maluwa a "Valentina" ndi amuna kapena akazi okhaokha, kotero kuti mphesa yabwinoyi sizimafuna mitundu yolima.
Amethyst Novocherkassky, Angelica ndi Aladdin amakhalanso ndi duwa lakuya.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imatha kupirira kutentha kwa mpweya osati kuchepa kuposa -22 ° ะก. Ndi mazira ozizira kwambiri, mbali ya impso ikhoza kufota, yomwe ingayambe kuchepetsa kwambiri kukolola mtsogolo. Choncho, tikulimbikitsidwa kutentha mphesa m'nyengo yozizira.
Kuchita izi, mu kugwa ndi kudwala nthambi zowopsya, ndiyeno madzi okwanira ndi kuzungulira chitsamba. Asanayambe chisanu, chitsamba chimakulungidwa mu chophimba, chogwedezeka pansi ndi chophimba ndi dziko lapansi.
Mitundu ngati Isabella, Crystal ndi Marcelo amafuna malo ogona.
Zosiyanasiyana sizikonda chinyezi chochuluka.
Kuthira madzi kumafunika kasupe komanso nthawi yomwe zipatso zimayamba kutsanulira madzi. Khungu la zipatso za "Valentina" ndi lochepa kwambiri, kotero pamene kuthirira kapena pakagwa mvula yamkuntho, imayamba kuphulika. Zotsatira zake, ubwino, kutengerako ndi alumali moyo wa mbeu ukuchepetsedwa.
Popeza tchire la mphesa "Valentine" likukula mwamphamvu, amafunika malo akuluakulu kuti apite patsogolo. Njira yabwino kwambiri yobzala baka - mamita 4 mpaka 6. Kuchuluka kwa madzi pansi pano kumakhala pafupifupi mamita atatu kuchokera pamwamba pa dziko lapansi, monga mizu ya mphesa imalowa mkati.
Zomera zosiyanasiyana "Valentine" zimalimbikitsidwa m'chaka. Kusamalira mphesa ndi chimodzimodzi ndi mitundu ina: kuthirira, kudulira, feteleza ndi kumangiriza. Kuchokera ku feteleza, mphesa zimakonda mineral (superphosphate, potashi mchere) ndi organic (phulusa, manyowa).
Chithunzi
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Valentines mphesa samaopa imvi zowola, ali ndi sing'anga kukana oidium ndi bwino kukana mildew. Pogonjetsedwa ndi chitsamba chokhala ndi oidium, pachimake choyera chimapezeka pamasamba, omwe pamapeto pake amapita ku inflorescences ndi masango. Kuphwanyidwa kwakukulu kumaphimbidwa ndi nkhungu komanso kuphulika kwachitsamba ngati nsomba yovunda. Oidium akhoza kuwononga mbewu zambiri.
Mungathe kulimbana ndi matendawa mothandizidwa ndi njira zosavuta za agrotechnical ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi zokonzekera. Pamene mukusamalira mphesa, nkofunika kuti musalole kukulitsa kwakukulu kwa tchire ndikuwapatsa mpweya wabwino.
Kuti muchite izi, muyenera kumawonda pang'onopang'ono, kuchotsa ana opeza ndi kumangiriza mpesa. Nthaka yozungulira mbewuyo iyenera kumasulidwa nthawi zonse komanso popanda namsongole.
Kupewa ndi kuchiza mankhwala oidium monga sulfur colloidal, "Strobe", "Thanos", "Skor", "Bayleton", "Topaz", "Horus". Kupanga zomera kumathera katatu pa nyengo: kumapeto kwa regrowth wa achinyamata amawombera 15 masentimita, maluwa asanafike ndipo nthawi ya zipatso imakhala pa peyala siteji. Pofuna kuchepetsa nthendayi ya oidium, zimalimbikitsanso kugwa kwa mphesa - mutatha kukolola.
Zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi oidium, masamba ndi masango a zomera ayenera kuchotsedwa ndi kuwotchedwa kuti athetse kufalikira kwa matendawa.
Zotsutsa motsutsana wamba mphesa matenda - anthracnose, chlorosis, bacteriosis ndi rubella sadzavulaza zomera.
Mitundu iliyonse ya mphesa ikhoza kuyambidwa ndi tizirombo, ndipo Valentine ndi chimodzimodzi.
Phylloxera, mphesa pruritus, kangaude wamagazi, masamba a masamba - izi siziri mndandanda wonse wa tizilombo towononga zomwe ziri zoopsa ku chomera. Zotsatira izi ndizothandiza kutetezera tizirombo:
- Kupalira, kuyeretsa masamba otsala, kuchotsa zowonongeka za mbeu;
- kupatulira tchire kwa mpweya wabwino;
- kuyeretsa ndi kuwononga makungwa akale a exfoliated, momwe tizirombo tingathe kukhala m'nyengo yozizira;
- kudula mbozi ndi tizirombo;
- kugwiritsa ntchito tizilombo topindulitsa zomwe zimadyetsa tizirombo.
Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa tchire pogwiritsiridwa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo:
- Phylloxera. Mu mawonekedwe a phylloxera, Confidor, Actellic, Zolon amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Kugonjetsedwa kwa mizu kumathandiza kusefukira kwadongosolo kwa mizu ya mpesa ndi madzi kwa masabata asanu ndi atatu. Njira yowopsya kwambiri ndiyo kuchotseratu kwathunthu tchire mukulingalira kwachilonda. Njira yabwino kwambiri yotetezera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda ikukula mphesa pa chitsa cha phylloxero.
- Kangaude mite Kupewa mite ndi kuchotsa namsongole msanga pansi pa tchire la mphesa, kumene tizilombo timakula. Kuwononga tizilombo timayambitsa zomera "Fufanon" kapena "Iskra-M". Chithandizo choyamba chikuchitika mu Meyi. M'chilimwe, kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa ndi sulfa yophikira kumaphatikizidwa, komwe kumathandiza kwambiri pa kutentha kwa 22 ° C ndi pamwambapa.
- Mpesa pruritus Kuteteza motsutsana ndi kuyabwa, acaricides amagwiritsa ntchito "Neoron", "Sunmite", "Omite", "Talstar", "Aktellik" ndi ma sulfure. Processing ikuchitika m'chaka ndi kugwa.
- Listovertka. Kukonzekera Kutentha-D, Konfidor, Fury, Kinmiks, Sherpa, Komandor kuthandiza kuthana ndi tizilombo. Kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa kwa zomera zikuchitika m'chaka ndi m'chilimwe. Kuyeretsa tchire mu kugwa ndi kasupe ku khungwa wakale ndi kutentha kumeneku kumakhala kovuta kwambiri polimbana ndi masambawa - mpaka 70 peresenti ya wintering pupae ya tizilombo awonongeke.
Pamtunda wolemera mumchenga, phylloxera sichikhala ndi moyo.
Mpesa wokoma "Valentine" wokhala ndi khungu lofewa kwambiri amafanana ndi kudya misozi. Kuwombera mwachangu zipatso zokoma ndi kudyetsa yowutsa mudyo, amatha kuwononga mbewu zambiri.
Njira zothandizira kulimbana ndi misozi ndi misampha ndi madzi, madzi kapena mowa, amaikidwa pamtengowu, magulu apadera pa masango ndi kuwonongeka kwa zisa.
Mbalame zimakonda kudya mphesa zakupsa. Mbalame zowononga zimakonda kudya madzi atsopano okha, choncho nthawi iliyonse akamadya zipatso zatsopano, zipatso zowonongeka zimayambitsa mvula. Tetezani mbewu kuchokera ku mbalame pogwiritsira ntchito zingwe, zinthu zowonekera pagalasi ndi zoopseza. Koma miyeso imeneyi imapereka mpata wautali, monga momwe mbalame zimayendera mofulumira. Monga momwe chiwonetsero chimasonyezera, mphesa zimatetezedwa bwino kwambiri ndi ukonde wapadera wa mbalame, womwe umaphatikiza munda wamphesa.
Posankha mphesa pa chiwembu chanu, samverani zosiyanasiyana za Valentine. Ndibwino kuti, zosiyanasiyanazi zikhoza kubweretsa zipatso zobiriwira zamtengo wapatali chaka chilichonse.
