Periwinkle ndi masamba osatha kapena shrub wokhala ndi maluwa osalala a buluu kapena abuluu. Ndi banja la Kutra ndipo lafalikira kuchokera ku Asia ndi North America mpaka pafupifupi dziko lonse lapansi. Periwinkle amamva bwino nyengo yotentha ndipo amasunga masamba obiriwira ngakhale pansi pa chipale chofewa. Chomera chosasamala, chopirira nthawi zambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mundawo. Itha kupezekanso pansi pa mayina "vinka", "udzu wakufa", "ufiti wa violet." Chomera chiri chobisika pamalo achinsinsi ndi chinsinsi. M'malo mwake, palibe cholakwika chilichonse chonyamula periwinkle. Komanso, ili ndi machiritso omwe amadziwika ngakhale ndi mankhwala azikhalidwe.
Makhalidwe a botanical
Periwinkle - osatha ndi pogona kapena zokwawa pansi, nthambi mphukira. Imapanga tchire lokhazikika mpaka 35cm kapena kutalika kolimba. Mizu yake ndi yopingasa, osati patali kwenikweni ndi dziko lapansi. Kutalika kwake, amakula mpaka 70 cm.
Pa timitengo tating'ono tophimbidwa ndi masamba obiriwira kapena makungwa ofiira, timapepala totsalira tating'onoting'ono kapena timabowo timamera. Khungu lawo lobiriwira lakuda limayatsidwa ndi dzuwa, ndipo mitsempha yopepuka imawonekera pakati. Timapepala ta kutalika kwa masentimita 3-5 ndi mainchesi pafupifupi 2.5. Mitundu ina imasunga masamba pachaka chonsecho kapena kuwataya munthawi yabwino.
Maluwa amapezeka mu Meyi-June. Maluwa akulu akulu amatulutsa timizere tamasamba. Corolla yokhala ndi chubu chachitali komanso asanu opindika, logawidwa m'mphepete mwa petals m'mimba mwake pafupifupi 3 cm. Kuchokera pakatikati pomwe pali stamens ndi mzere wammimba timadutsa pang'ono. Ziphuphu zojambulidwa zamtambo, zofiirira kapena zapinki. Nthawi zina machulukitsidwe am'munsi m'munsi ndi m'mphepete mwa miyala ndiyosiyana.
Pambuyo pang'onopang'ono, zipatso zimakhwima - masamba obiriwira amasira kutalika kwa 7-8 masentimita. Mbewu zofiirira zokhala ndi mawonekedwe osalala zimakhala mkati mwake.
Mitundu ndi mitundu yazomera
Mtundu wa periwinkle ndi wocheperako. Mulinso mitundu yayikulu 5 yokha. Mwa mitundu ikuluikulu, obereketsa amapanga mitundu ya maluwa okongoletsa m'minda yomwe imasiyana pakapangidwe kake ndi utoto wa maluwa kapena masamba.
Periwinkle ndi yayikulu. Mitundu yokonda kutentha ndiyofala ku Mediterranean, Crimea ndi Caucasus. Denga lophimba losasunthika limafalikira pansi ndikupanga kapeti okhazikika kowoneka bwino kwam masamba owoneka ngati mazira. Cilia wachidule amawoneka m'mphepete mwa masamba. Kutalika kwa masamba ndi 4-8 masentimita. Kuyambira mkati mwa Meyi, maluwa amodzi a axillary amatuluka pamizere yayitali, yopyapyala. Dawo lam'mphepete lotseguka limafikira masentimita 5. Mitundu ya Bluish imakhala ndi mthunzi wopepuka pakati ndikuchita mdima mpaka m'mphepete. Chomera chimatha kuzizira nyengo yotentha, koma pokhapokha ngati chipale chofewa. Mitundu yotchuka ya Variegata imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu wa masamba. M'mphepete mwake mumakhala gawo limodzi ndi siliva kapena golide. Zosiyanasiyana zimakonda kuzizira.
Periwinkle ndi yaying'ono. Zomera zidafalikira ku Asia Minor ndi ku Mediterranean. Kuwona kumeneku kumasinthidwa bwino m'malo okhala mthunzi. Kutalika kwa tsinde lophuka kumafika masentimita 60. Amakutidwa ndi masamba owoneka ndi chikopa pamtunda wautali. Kukula kwa pepalalo ndi masentimita 3-5. Imapakidwa utoto wakuda. Maluwa amodzi a mchenga wokhazikika wa buluu amakula pafupifupi masentimita 2-2.5. Amaphukira kumapeto kwa Meyi. Zosiyanasiyana:
- loyera;
- ofiira
- siyanagated - masamba ophimbidwa ndi mawanga achikasu ndi mikwingwirima;
- variegate - wokhala ndi madontho agolide pa masamba;
- miyala yabuluu;
- terry ofiira;
- kuwala kwa periwinkle - masamba achikasu okhala ndi mawonekedwe obiriwira amdima obiriwira owoneka bwino kwambiri kumapeto kwa Epulo.
Periwinkle pinki. Chitsamba chobiriwira nthawi zonse chokhala ndi nthambi, zowoneka bwino zimakula mpaka 60 cm.Masamba obiriwira amtundu wakuda pafupifupi masentimita 7 amakhala ndi mawonekedwe owundana ndi msempha wopyapyala, wopepuka pakati. Maluwa amayamba kumapeto kwa Meyi ndipo kumatha pafupifupi chilimwe chonse. Maluwa okhazikika amodzi okhala ndi maluwa apinki amatulutsa pachimake panjira. Zosiyanasiyana:
- kupsompsona koyamba - chachitali (40 cm wamtali) chitsamba chofimbidwa ndi maluwa ang'onoang'ono a pinki;
- kukonzanso kuzizira - malo ofiira amakhala pakatikati pa duwa loyera kapena kirimu.
Njira zolerera
Nthawi zambiri, periwinkle imafalitsidwa kudzera munjira za masamba. Chosatha champhamvu chitha kuzika mizu polumikizana ndi dothi pamalo aliwonse. Kuyambira Meyi mpaka Ogasiti, zikumera zolimba zimakumbidwa pansi, ndikusiya nsonga pamwamba. Zigawo zikazika mizu, amazidula ndikubzalira payokha.
Chapakatikati, chitsamba chachikulu chimatha kudulidwa m'magawo angapo. Amachita izi mu Marichi-Epulo, asanafike mphukira zazing'ono. Nthambwe yayitali imakhala ndi malo angapo okukula, pomwe mphukira zatsopano zimayamba kukhala mitolo. Mukakumba pansi pafupi ndi periwinkle, mbewu zatsopano zimawoneka kuchokera ku mizu.
Kwa odulidwa kumapeto kwa masika kapena chilimwe, njira zomwe zimakhala ndi 2-3 sizidulidwa. Amazika mizu m'mundamo, osankha malo mthunzi. Mtunda wake ndi 20-30 cm. Pakupita mwezi umodzi, mmera ukhoza kusamutsidwira ku malo okhazikika.
Kukula periwinkle kuchokera ku mbewu, zinthu zatsopano za mbewu zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mbewu zofesedwa chisanachitike dzinja kapena masika nthawi yomweyo. Kuti muchite izi, konzekerani miyala yamtengo wapatali yotalika masentimita 1-1.5. Chapakatikati, mphukira zazing'ono zimawoneka zomwe zimayamba msanga. Pakufunika, masamba amachepetsedwa ndikuchepetsa. M'mwezi wa June, mutha kupititsira mbande kumalo osatha.
Kusamalira Kunja
Periwinkle amabzala m'malo otseguka kapena dzuwa kapena pamtunda wamitengo yopendekera. Zomera zimakonda kuthiridwa bwino, dothi losavomerezeka osalowerera kapena pang'ono acidic. Mchenga kapena miyala yamtundu imalowetsedwa dothi lolemera asanalore. Ntchito yodzikongoletsa idakonzedwa bwino patsiku louma komanso lamitambo. M'tsogolomu, kusamalira chomera ndikosavuta.
Kuthirira. Periwinkle amatha kupirira chilala pang'ono. Pakalibe mvula yachilengedwe, kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata ndikokwanira. Chinyontho chowonjezereka chimafunikira nthawi ya maluwa, ndiye kuti kapeti wobiriwira adzakutidwa kwambiri ndi maluwa amtambo wobiriwira. Kangapo pamwezi, nthaka pafupi ndi nkhokwe imamasulidwa. Chitsamba chophukira chimatha kuthana ndi namsongole payokha. Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa, chifukwa m'munda wamaluwa, periwinkle imatha kukhala yankhanza, kuthamangitsa anzawo. Kwa chaka popanda kudulira, imatha kudzaza gawo 7 m².
Feteleza. Kawiri kapena katatu pa nyengo, ma periwinkles amadyetsedwa. Pa dothi lachonde, kufunika kwa umuna ndizochepa. Zokonda ziyenera kuperekedwa pazinthu zachilengedwe, koma maumboni apadziko lonse lapansi angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Amayambitsa dothi kumayambiriro kwa Epulo, Meyi komanso Julayi.
Kudulira. Woyamba maluwa atamaliza, kudulira kumalimbikitsidwa. Ndi iyo, maluwa osokonekera ndi gawo lalitali kwambiri lidzachotsedwa. Koma posachedwa mphukira zatsopano ziwoneka.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. M'minda yokhazikika kwambiri, ma periwinkles amatha kudwala fungal matenda (tsamba dzimbiri, nyemba za powdery). Kumeta ubweya wokhazikika komanso kulima dothi ndi fungicides kumathandiza. Nyengo yotentha, nsabwe za m'masamba zimatha kukhazikika pamasamba, pomwe Karbofos, Biotlin, kapena tizilombo tina tomwe timatha kuthana mwachangu.
Periwinkle pakuwunika
Madyera akuthwa a periwinkle amakula ngati msipu wobiriwira kapena mapilo obiriwira. Imatha kuphimba pansi popanda mitengo kapena malo pakati pa zomangamanga. Zomera zimagwiritsidwanso ntchito m'mwala, m'malire ndi m'minda yamwala. M'munda wamaluwa wovuta, periwinkle wamasamba wobzala kutsogolo.
Zomera zimayendayenda bwino ndimayiwala, mapepala, primrose kapena medunits. Nthawi zina zimabzalidwa m'mbale zopangira makonde ndi ma verandas. Mphukira zazitali zimangodzikongoletsera kuchokera pamaluwa omwe amakhala ndi masamba obiriwira osasinthika, pomwe maluwa akuluakulu amtambo wabalalika.
Mphamvu zakuchiritsa za mbewu
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya vinca imakhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya zinthu. Mankhwala, periwinkle yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi yaying'ono, imakhalanso yamankhwala. Mphukira zake, masamba ndi maluwa zimakhala ndi ma alkaloids oposa 20, kuwawa, mavitamini, flavonoids, dzuwa, mchere ndi ma tannins. Zimasokoneza magawano osagwirizana, motero ndi gawo la mankhwala a antitumor.
Kukonzekera ndi vinca kumatha kukhala ndi zinthu zowalimbikitsa ndipo zimapangitsa chidwi pamaganizidwe. A decoction amagwiritsidwa ntchito kutsuka pamlomo wamkati ngati mankhwala osokoneza bongo komanso odana ndi kutupa chifukwa chotupa m'mimba kapena zilonda zapakhosi. Zimathandizanso ndi kutsegula m'mimba, m'mimba kapena kutulutsa magazi m'mimba. Tincture wa mowa umatengedwa wa fibroids ndi ma polyps mu chiberekero, prostatitis, endometriosis ndi kusabereka kwa akazi.
Pazabwino zake zonse, periwinkle ndi chomera chakupha. Ngakhale kumwa mopitirira muyeso kungachedwetse kugunda kwa mtima komanso kulephera kwa mtima, motero ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oyang'aniridwa ndi adokotala, m'malo mongodzipangira nokha.
