Kufalitsa zosiyanasiyana ndi kukoma kwabwino ndi zokolola - Ulemerero kwa opambana

Maapulo Ulemerero kwa Ogonjetsa ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maapulo okongoletsedwa.

M'nkhani ino tikambirana mwachidule mbiri ya zosiyanasiyana, kulima kwake, ndi kupereka malangizo othandiza pa chisamaliro.

Ndi mtundu wanji?

Anthu Olemekezeka Ambiri amatha kutchulidwa ndi dzinja kapena ngakhale m'nyengo ya chilimwe maapulo osankhidwa kunyumba. Otsatira osiyana siyana - Papirovka ndi MackintoshChoncho, zotsatira zake zimakhala zofanana kwambiri ndizo.

Zipatso za zosiyanasiyanazi zikhoza kusungidwa mu ndowa ndi mabokosi a matabwa - Ulemerero kwa Ogonjetsa ndizo mitundu yapamwamba. Malo osungirako ayenera kukhala oyera, owuma ndi amdima, kutentha kosungidwa komwe kumalimbikitsa ndi pakati pa 5 ndi 10 madigiri Celsius. Kwa izi kwathunthu chipinda chapansi panthaka chidzachita.

Nthawi yosungiramo maapulo imadalira kwambiri dera lokula. Mwachitsanzo kum'mwera kwa Russia, zipatso zingasungidwe kwa milungu iwiri, komanso kumpoto kwa kulima - mpaka miyezi itatu (kotero, mu dera la Oryol, zokolola zimasonkhanitsidwa mu September, ndipo zikhoza kusungidwa kufikira December).

Ponena za pollination, Ulemerero kwa opambana - samobesplodny kalasi. Pachifukwa ichi, zofufumitsa zimabzalidwa pafupi ndi izo. Ambiri mitundu yabwino monga Melba, Vadimovka, Priam, James Grieve, Delichiya, Antonovka wamba, Borovinka.

Kulemba kwa Gulu Ulemerero kwa opambana

M'gawo lino, mukhoza kuwerenga ndondomeko yowonjezera Ulemerero kwa wopambana ndikuwona zithunzi zambiri za apulo.

1. Mtengo wa Slava wa Ulemelero Ogonjetsa akhoza kutchedwa kuti amphamvu, ndipo amadziwika ndi korona wamkulu wa pyramidal, womwe umakhala ndi zaka zambiri umawoneka bwino kwambiri.
   

   Nthambi zazikuluzikulu zimakhala ndi makungwa a bulauni ndipo zimasiyanitsidwa ndi thunthu pang'onopang'ono, mofulumira kukwera mmwamba.
   

   Kwa zaka zambiri, nthambizi zimayendetsedwa kumbali, zodzala ndi zipatso.
   

   Masambawo ndi osakanikirana, kukula kwake kumayimira chinachake pakati pa ovundala ndi bwalolo, mapeto ake amaloledwa pang'ono.
   

   Mtundu wa masambawo ndi wopepuka, nthawi zina ndi chikasu chachikasu. Maluwawo ndi pinki, owoneka ngati saucer, masambawo ndi ofiira. Ulemerero kwa opambana umamasula kwambiripamene akutulutsa fungo lokoma, lokoma.

2. Zipatso ndi zazikulu, kawirikawiri zowonjezera kukula, kuzungulira ndi oblong, nthawi zina ndi zochepa zazing'ono kumtunda. Komanso pa apulo mungathe kuona chimodzi chosaoneka chobiriwira.
   

   Khungu la chipatsocho ndi losalala, lobiriwira mobiriwira ndi mtundu wonyezimira wophimba pamwamba pa chipatso chonsecho. Mnofu ndi wosakhwima, woyera, wamadzi wambiri, kukoma kwake ndi kokoma, kokoma, ndi pang'ono.

Chithunzi

Mbiri yobereka

Ulemerero wa Ophunzira kwa Ogonjetsa unalandiridwa kuyambira kudutsa mitundu ya Mackintosh ndi Papirovka mu 1929 ku Mlievsky. L.P. Simirenko. Wolemba Chiyukireniya wotchuka Lev Mihajlovich Ro, limodzi ndi wothandizira wake - Pavel Yurevich Tsekhmistrenko, anagwiritsa ntchito popanga zosiyanasiyana.

Dera logawa

Ulemerero kwa Ogonjetsa umakhala bwino pafupifupi gawo lonse la kale lomwe la USSR kotero, gawo la kukula kwa chilengedwe siliripo.

Komabe, chiberekero cha mtengo chimasiyana mosiyana ndi malo a kulima.

Kotero ku Central Russia, mitundu yosiyanasiyana kuyambira kumapeto kwa chilimwe imakhala yophukira. Kwa Ulemerero wonsewo, opambana angakhale wamkulu kumadera akum'mwera ndi kumpoto, m'malo ozizira - mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yotchuka chifukwa cha hardiness yake yozizira.

Pereka

Mitengo ya mitunduyi imabereka zipatso m'madera akum'mwera pazitsamba zochepa zowonjezera pambuyo pa zaka zisanu.

Seva imapita ngakhale patapita nthawi mtengo usanabale chipatso.

Kum'mwera chakumwera, ndi zabwino agrofone, fruiting ndi kotheka pa mitengo biennial.

Zaka zingapo zoyambirira zokolola zimakhala zozolowereka, ndiye periodicity imapangidwira, motsimikizika kwambiri ndi msinkhu wa ulimi womwewo. Zimapereka kuchuluka kwapafupi - malingana ndi dera komanso zinthu zina zingathe kusonkhanitsidwa kuchokera ku 110 mpaka 200 magulu a maapulo pa hekitala ya munda.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Malingaliro onse omwe abzala ndi kusamalira mtengo ndi ofanana ndi mitundu ina iliyonse, ngakhale pali zina zapadera.

Mlungu umodzi musanadzale ndikofunika kukonzekera maenje 70 masentimita 70 lonse ndi lalitali.

Kuzama kuyenera kukhala mpaka mamita 1.

Pansi pa dzenje muyenera kutsanulira dothi lakuda kapena nthaka yowonjezera, onjezerani feteleza, mupange phulusa, humus kapena fupa.

Mosamala tengani sapling ndi tsinde ndipo mosamala muike izo pakati pa dzenje ndi kuwongolera mizu ndi manja anu. Kenaka mudzaze dzenje ndi nthaka, osalola kuti mizu ikhale yokhazikika ndikusawalola kuonongeka. Kenaka mtengo uyenera kutsanulidwa mochulukira - pakuti izi ndi nkhokwe zokwanira za madzi. Mukhoza kukumba nkhono pamodzi ndi kumangiriza mmera.

Olemekezeka a Ulemerero akhoza kubzalidwa panthawi ya kugwa komanso kumayambiriro kwa masika. Ngati mwaganiza kuti mubzala mitengo nthawi zonse kugwa, musanayambe kudula masamba onse mmera.

Zaka 2-3 zoyambirira zachisamaliro cha mtengo wa apulo wachinyamata zimakhala ndi kuthirira nthawi zonse ndi kuchotsa namsongole.. Kenaka mitengo ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, monga ndi ena onse - kuwaza nthawi, madzi, chakudya, ndi kumapeto kwa nthambi zakale. Pa nthawi yomweyi, simuyenera kuopa kuthetsa zochuluka.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Ulemerero wa Mtengo wa Apple Ogonjetsa amakhudzidwa ndi matenda omwewo monga mitundu ina.

Tidzakambirana mavuto aakulu omwe alimi angakumane nawo pamene akukula ku ulemerero kwa opambana:

1. Mame a Mealy. Zikuwonekera ngati maluwa oyera pamphuno ndi mphukira, zomwe zimangowamba ndi zala poyamba, kenako zimakhala zokhazikika ndipo zimakhala ndi zofiirira. Masamba amatembenukira chikasu ndi owuma, mtengo suleka kukula ndi kubala chipatso.
   

   Pofuna kuthana ndi matendawa, mitengo ya apulo imatayidwa ndi mkuwa oxychloride nthawi yomweyo maluwa. N'zotheka kuchiza mtengo ngakhale mutatha kukolola - chifukwa izi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kukonkha ndi njira ya mkuwa sulphate kapena boric asidi.

2. Scab - monga powdery mildew, ndi matenda a fungal. Mu matendawa, masamba azipiringa, owuma ndi kugwa, mawanga wakuda awoneke pa chipatso.
   

   Pochotseratu nkhanambo, nkofunika kuchitira mitengo ndi mbande ndi Topaz.



3. Cystoporosis - komanso chifukwa cha bowa. Zikuwoneka ngati zilonda zamdima pa makungwa a chomera. Ngati cystoporosis sichichiritsidwe, makungwawo adzayamba kuuma ndi kugwa. Achiperekeni ndi kupopera mbewu mankhwala omwe amatchedwa Hom.
4. Zipatso Zokongola - maapulo awonongeke ndi okutidwa ndi mabala a bulauni. Mutengeni iye ndi mankhwala omwewo Hom.
5. Kutentha kwamadzi. Matendawa amatha kusokoneza, kenako nthendayi imalowerera m'nkhalango, kenako zimakhala zovuta kusiya. Kulimbana ndi chilakolako choyipa ndi chovuta komanso chovuta - kuphatikizapo kukonzekera kangapo, ndikofunikira kuchiza zilonda zam'madzi ndi khungu lapadera.

Kuphatikizana, ziyenera kunenedwa kuti Ulemerero kwa Wopambana - maapulo osiyanasiyana ndi ofala. Nthawi yozizira yozizira, yabwino kwambiri kukoma kwake komanso zokolola zambiri zimamulola kuti asamangoganizira za malo ake.