Oxalis ndi chomera cha herbaceous kuchokera ku banja la Acidic. Dzinali la sayansi ndi oxalis, koma limadziwikanso ndi mayina abodza clover, kabichi kalulu ndi wowawasa. Zowonadi, timapepala tofanana mu mawonekedwe a clover ndikukhala wowawasa kukoma. Dziko lokhala ndi mchere wowawasa ndi Mexico, South America ndi kumwera kwa Africa. Mtengowu umakongoletsa kwambiri, motero wamaluwa adaukonda. Amabzala m'minda ngati malire kapena amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera. Mpweya wa okosijeni uli ndi katundu wochiritsa, ndi choleretic yabwino komanso okodzetsa, komanso umathandizanso ndi chimfine.
Kutanthauzira kwa Botanical
Kislitsa ndi mtundu wa zitsamba zamaluwa zazaka kapena zosatha maluwa. Ali ndi kachilomboka kowiririka ndi zophukira kapena zophuka zambiri. Kutalika kwa chomera ndi masentimita 15-30. Masamba opanga masamba opendekera mpaka 20cm ali ndi mawonekedwe a kanjedza kapena katatu. Kutalika kwa pepalali ndi masentimita 5 mpaka 15. Mitundu ya masamba ndi yobiriwira komanso burgundy, yodziwika bwino kapena yokhala ndi toni ziwiri.
Maluwa amapezeka kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe ndipo kumatenga pafupifupi mwezi. Mzere wautali wamtunda umakula kuchokera ku axils masamba, omwe amanyamula masamba amodzi kapena angapo. Corolla ya mawonekedwe olondola imakhala ndi miyala isanu yomwe yasungidwa mu chubu lalifupi. Ali ndi mbali yozungulira, yolunjika kunja. Mwa kufananizira ndi masamba, maluwa amatseka usiku. Mitundu ya ma petals imayang'aniridwa ndi lilac, oyera, apinki, mithunzi yachikasu. Maluwa onse amakhala amitundu iwiri, amakonda kupukusa mungu kapena kupukusa mungu. Pakatikati pa duwa pali zokongoletsa zazitali 5 mpaka 5 ndi ovary imodzi. Mzere wake ukhoza kukhala wautali, wafupikitsidwe, kapena wotuluka ndi stamens.
Zipatso - makapu abwinobwino ambewu yopanga ndi masamba obiriwira. M'mbuyo mwawo muli njere zazing'ono zooneka ngati khungu. Denga lapamwamba la peel limakhala ndi shuga wambiri kuti akope nyerere. Amanyamula nthangala mtunda wautali. Pambuyo kusasitsa, masamba a zipatso wowawasa amatsegula kwambiri, ndikuwombera zomwe zili patali.
Mitundu yotchuka ya wowawasa
Oxalis ndi osiyanasiyana. Mu mtundu, pali mitundu yopitilira 800. Russia ndi malo achilengedwe a 5-6 a iwo.
Asidi wamba. Nthawi zambiri imapezeka munkhalango yamtundu wamchere. Udzu osatha kumera kokha 5,5 cm. Mpweya woonda woonda umalowa m'ndende ndi bowa, chifukwa cha zomwe mafupawo amapezeka pansi panjira zake. Masamba a petioles osasunthika osinthika amakhala ndi mawonekedwe apatatu ndi ma loboti owoneka ndi mtima. Amakhala obiriwira achikuda, ndipo chifukwa cha zomwe zili zambiri za oxalic acid amakhala ndi wowawasa. Pa peduncle 5-10 masentimita mu Meyi-June, maluwa amodzi okhwima amatulutsa. Mitundu yawo ya petals imakutidwa ndi mitsempha yofiirira kapena yapinki ndipo imakhala yozungulira.
Asidi wambiri. Mitunduyi imakhala ku Central ndi South America, komwe imalimidwa limodzi ndi mbatata. Zomera chimodzimodzi zimakula kwambiri masentimita amtundu wobiriwira ndipo zimakhala ndi wowuma kwambiri pamizu. Masamba amtunduwu ali ndi mawonekedwe atatu komanso mtundu wobiriwira. Maluwa amodzi amakhala ndi mitundu isanu yapinki.
Masamba anayi wowawasa. Wochulukitsa osabereka ku Mexico ndi Panama. Nthawi zambiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chomera. Kutalika kwa tchire ndi masentimita 15. Babu yakuda yofiirira imadyetsa tsinde ndi duwa la masamba 6-6 okhala ndi mizere yayitali. Masamba amakhala obiriwira amtundu wokhala ndi bulauni kapena malo ofiirira pakati. Mu June-Seputembala, ambulera yotulutsa maluwa imaphukira masamba ake pazitali zazitali. Maluwa okongola ngati utoto pinki kapena ofiira ofiira ngati chikasu. Dawo lawo ndi pafupifupi 2 cm.
Triangular acid (wofiirira). Zomera zomwe zimakonda kutentha kuti zizilimidwa panyumba zimasiyanitsidwa ndi masamba akuluakulu ofiirira amtundu wokhala ndi malo opepuka. Pa petiole iliyonse pali mbale zitatu. Maluwa ofiira apinki amasonkhanitsidwa pamayendedwe ataliitali osinthika ma inflorescence.
Ferruginous acid. Chomera chodziwika bwino cham'munda chimapanga chitsamba chowongola kwambiri cha 8 cm zokha ndipo pafupifupi 15 cm. Masamba obiriwira obiriwira obiriwira bwino kwambiri. Petiole iliyonse imakhala ndi zigawo zooneka ngati 9-22. Mu June-Julayi, maluwa oyera oyera ngati siliva amatulutsa maluwa okhala ndi mitsempha yamkati mkati.
Carob O oxygen. Udzu wobiriwira wotsika pang'ono umakhala wolimba, chifukwa olima m'minda ambiri amaonedwa ngati udzu. Petiole iliyonse imakhala ndi timitanda tating'ono tokhala ngati chitumbuwa, pafupifupi chofiirira. Maluwa ang'onoang'ono apinki amatulutsa bwino kapena m'magulu atatu.
Oxalis imakhazikika. Mitundu yoyambirira yamkati imakula masamba obiriwira owoneka bwino okhala ndi tating'ono, pafupifupi okhala m'mbali. Maluwa a maluwa ake amapindika kukhala chubu chopapatiza usiku. Mkati mwake, ali ndi utoto woyera, ndipo kunja pamphepete akuzunguliridwa ndi burgundy kapena malire ofiira. Kutalika kwa chomera kumafika masentimita 15. South Africa ndi kwawo.
Zambiri Zofalitsa
Mpweya wabwino umafalitsidwa pofesa mbewu, tubers ndi kudula. Mbewu zofesedwa mkatikati mwa masika nthawi yomweyo panja. Pambuyo pa masabata 1.5-2, mbande zimatuluka. M'chaka choyamba, mbande zimapanga masamba opangira masamba ndikukula. Tchire tambiri ndi maluwa titha kuwona kuchokera chaka chamawa.
Mu nthawi yophukira, nthaka ikafa, mutha kukumba mabatani kuchokera m'nthaka. Amasungidwa pamalo abwino. Kuyambira koyambirira kwa Marichi, miphika yokhala ndi dothi lotayirira yophatikizidwa ndi mchenga zakonzedwa. Chidebe chilichonse chimatha kuphatikiza mpaka 10 ma nodule. Zabzalidwa mozama pafupifupi masentimita 1. Kwa milungu ingapo, miphika yokhala ndi tubers imasungidwa pamalo abwino (+ 5 ... + 10 ° C) ndikunyowetsa nthaka mosamala kwambiri. Pakutha kwa Marichi, matenthedwe akukwera. Mukukula nyumba, mutha kudzala tubers nthawi iliyonse pachaka. Ngati mungathe zaka khumi zapitazi za Okutobala, ndiye kuti pofika Chaka Chatsopano, chitsamba chobiriwira chidzapangidwa kale.
Oxalis imafalitsidwa kwathunthu ndi odulidwa. Komanso, gawo lililonse la chomera ndiloyenera kuzika mizu: tsamba limodzi ndi petiole, magawo amtundu uliwonse, peduncle yokhala ndi maluwa. Mizu imatha kuchitika m'madzi kapena m'nthaka. Kuti muchite izi, gwiritsani ntchito chisakanizo cha mchenga wam'mphepete, decusuous humus, tsamba ndi nthaka ya sod. Petioles zimabzalidwa m'magulu ndipo zimakhala ndi kuwala kozungulira ndi kutentha pafupifupi + 25 ° C. Kusintha kosinthira kumatenga milungu iwiri.
Kusamalira Panyumba
Indoor acid amabzalidwa mumphika wapakatikati. Dothi limapangidwa ndi magawo ofanana mwa zinthu zotsatirazi:
- mchenga;
- dziko la humus;
- peat;
- pepala lapansi;
- malo owombera.
Pansi pake, zosanja zadothi, miyala kapena miyala yowonjezera imayikidwa. Mutabzala, mbewu zimamwe madzi ambiri.
Kuwala Mpweya wa okosijeni umakula bwino ndi kuwala kowala ndi kuwala kwa maola 12-14. M'nyengo yotentha masana, kutetezedwa ku dzuwa mwachindunji ndikofunikira. M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, mbewu zimakonzedwanso pawindo lakumwera ndikugwiritsa ntchito kuwala kwakumbuyo.
Kutentha Panyengo ya chilimwe ndi chilimwe, asidi wowawasa amakhala bwino pa kutentha kwa + 20 ... + 25 ° C. M'masiku otentha, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mulowetse chipindacho pafupipafupi, koma mutchinjirize maluwa. Ndikwabwino kutengera mphikawo kuti ukhale ndi mpweya wabwino. M'nyengo yozizira, ndikofunikira kukonzanso chomera mu chipinda chozizira (+ 12 ... + 18 ° C). M'mwezi wa December-Januware, ma acid acid ambiri amapuma. Amasiya masamba, motero safunanso kuyatsa. Mu February, miphika yokhala ndi tubers imasinthidwa kupita kumalo otentha.
Chinyezi. Duwa limayankha moyenerera kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, koma limatha kusintha chizolowezi cham'nyumba chambiri. M'nyengo yozizira, tikulimbikitsidwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito chinyontho kapena maloboti okhala ndi miyala yonyowa pafupi ndi zida zotenthetsera.
Kuthirira. Panthawi yamasamba yogwira, asidi wowawasa ayenera kuthiriridwa madzi pafupipafupi. Gawo louma limatha kuuma mpaka 1-1.5 cm. Komabe, kusayenda kwamadzi sikuyenera kuloledwa. Kuyambira nthawi yophukira, kuthirira kumachepetsedwa pang'onopang'ono ndikuchepetsedwa. Panthawi yopuma kwa milungu 6, amatha kusiyidwa kwathunthu.
Feteleza M'mwezi wa Epulo-Ogasiti, tchire limathirira madzi ndi yankho la mchere wophatikiza ndi maluwa. Kuvala kwapamwamba kumayikidwa pakatha masiku 14 mpaka 20 kuthilira pang'ono.
Matenda ndi tizirombo. Chitetezo cha acidity ndicholimba kwambiri. Iye samadwala matenda azomera. Pangokhala chisamaliro chambiri pokhapokha posachedwa (chinyezi, kutentha pang'ono, kulumikizana ndi matenda omwe ali ndi matenda) kumatha kupangika pa iwo (imvi zowola, powdery mildew). Komanso, mwa apo ndi apo pa mphukira pomwe pamatha kuwona nthata za akangaude, scute kapena mealybugs.
Oxalis m'munda
Oxalis amakula bwino bwino mopewa pang'ono komanso pamtunda wowala. Dothi liyenera kukhala lopatsa thanzi, lotayirira komanso lopumira. Acidity tikulimbikitsidwa kulowerera kapena pang'ono acidic. Ngati ndi kotheka, amakumba pansi asanabzale ndi kuwonjezera kompositi ndi peat. Zomera zazing'ono zimabzalidwa ndi mtunda wa 10-12 masentimita mpaka akuya masentimita 3-4. Kubzala bwino kumachitika mu theka lachiwiri la masika nyengo yotentha, yamitambo.
Nthawi zambiri mbewu zimakhala ndi mvula yachilengedwe yokwanira. Ngati chilala chimatenga nthawi yayitali, tchire limathirira m'mawa kapena pafupi ndi dzuwa kulowa ndi madzi pang'ono.
Nthawi zambiri, pakapita miyezi iwiri iliyonse, wowawasa amakhala ndi mchere wambiri kapena "Mullein" wambiri.
M'dzinja, chomera cha thermophilic chimayenera kukonzekera nyengo yachisanu. Kuti tichite izi, ndibwino kuti mulch dothi lozika mizu. Simuyenera kuchita mantha ndi gawo la gawo, mulimonse lingathe, ndipo mulche wosanjikiza lithandiza ma tubers ndi mizu kukhalabe mpaka nyengo yotsatira.
Zizindikiro ndi zikhulupiriro
Kislitsa ndi mlendo wolandiridwa m'nyumba. Imalonjeza mtendere m'banjamo, moyo wabwino, chitetezo pamakangano ndi kusiyanitsidwa, misonkhano pafupipafupi ndi abwenzi. Nyumbayo imasandulika kukhala mbale yodzaza, malo osungiramo misonkhano osangalatsa ndi misonkhano ndi abwenzi ndi abale. Amakhulupirira kuti duwa lithandiza anthu osungulumwa kuthetsa mavuto awo ndikupeza munthu womanga naye banja, komanso kuti athetse mdima ndi nkhawa. M'mayiko ena, oxalis ndi mphatso yabwino kwambiri ya Khrisimasi kapena Chaka Chatsopano, monga chisangalalo komanso thanzi labwino.
