Misewu yomwe ili panyumba ya chilimwe sizowonjezera zokhazokha polemba gawolo ndi kusuntha malowa. Chimakhalanso chinthu chokongoletsera chomwe chimanyamula katundu. Ntchito yopanga zachilengedwe za chilimwe imakhala yosavuta chifukwa cha kupezeka kwa zipangizo zofunika ndi zipangizo m'masitolo. Maonekedwe ndi zinthu zopangidwa zimangodalira zokhazokha.
Mtsogoleredwe, momwe mungapangire njira ya kudula nkhuni
Pochita ntchito muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zothandizira ndikukonzekera nkhuni zakufa, Zokonzekera ndi kupangira zipangizo zazitali zapamwamba ndi zipangizo zomangira: zowonongeka, mchenga, miyala, mitengo yozungulira, simenti ndi ena.
Mndandanda wa zida zofunika ndi zipangizo
Zida zofunikira kwambiri sizikusintha, zilizonse zomwe mumasankha. Mudzafunika:
- zokhala ndi fosholo sovkovaya kulenga ngalande, kuchotsa dothi ndi zipangizo zomangidwira;
- chogwedeza pambali (Chibulgaria) chifukwa cha kudula chida chophimba ndi disks kwa icho. Kudula ma disks kwa chopukusira kumasankhidwa malingana ndi zinthu zomwe mudula: matabwa, matalala kapena miyala;
- tepi yoyeza pa 5 kapena 10 mamita;
- mlingo wokhala ndi zolembera;
- kumanga chingwe cholemba;
- munda wake kuti muzitha kusinthana ndi zinthu zambirimbiri pamsewu. Mchenga ukhoza kupangidwira pamtunda (osati toothed) kapena kugwiritsa ntchito mtolo wapadera;
- galimoto yamaluwa zoyendera katundu;
- nyumba yomanga chifukwa cha sanding ndi concreting;
- mphira wa raba chifukwa chogona ndi kukonza zobvala;
- akasinja amadzi;
- kudumpha mbale chifukwa chophwanya mphukira, mchenga, kuphimba njirayo. Ngati zigawozo sizingagwirizane, ayamba kugwedezeka pochita chinyezi. Pofuna kuteteza subsidence, gwiritsani ntchito mbale yogwedeza. Zida zimatha kubwereka kumabitolo ogulitsa;
- pakuti njira ya nkhuni imadula zosowa makina oyenga kukonza mitengo.
Ndikofunikira!Momwemonso minda ya m'mundayi siidzuke ndi udzu m'chilimwe ndipo sumazizira m'nyengo yozizira, pakukonzekera, nkofunika kulingalira zofuna kumbali imodzi kapena mbali zonse ziwiri. Pachifukwa chachiwiri, pakatikati pa msewu udzakhala pamwamba pa mbali zake.
Zida zothandizira:
- Chophimba chokongoletsa chimayikidwa pa "pillow". Cholinga chake ndicho kusunga mawonekedwe a njanji ndikulepheretsa dothi kufooka. Mchenga ndi miyala zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa pedi yapamwamba yosanjikiza;
- zowonongeka zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zikhazikitse dothi - chingwe chokhala ndi mamita awiri mpaka 6 kuchoka pazitsulo zosiyana siyana za nthaka kuti chitetezeko ku zolephereka;
- mapulani adzafuna matabwa;
- mudzafunikanso zinthu zofunika. Pankhaniyi - ndi mitengo yozungulira. Mitengo yozungulirayo imadulidwa muzowona mabala okongoletsera zokongoletsera.
Mukhozanso kupanga pergola ndi manja anu, bedi la magudumu kapena miyala, thamtanda wa wattle, gabion, miyala yamphepete mwa nyanja, ladybug, velanda, m'chipinda chapansi pa nyumba, mpanda wa mabedi, kukonza sera sera, brazier, arbor ndi garden swing.
Kukonzekera kwa mabala
Kuti mupange njira yocheka nkhuni, sankhani matabwa ozungulira kapena mitengo yosiyanasiyana ya diameter. Kukonzekera kuli ndi mfundo ziwiri: kukonzekera chophimba chachikulu - nkhuni imamwalira ndikukonzekera malo amtsogolo.
Kukonzekera nkhuni:
- Timatsuka matabwa kuchokera ku mazenera ndikuyesa makina opera. Timayendetsa makungwa pamtanda. Ngati khungwa liri lalikulu ndipo limapereka kumalo odulidwa, ndiye akhoza kusiya;
- tinawona nkhuni zozungulira zikufa. Ukulu wa mbaleyo ukhale wochokera ku masentimita 10 ndi ochulukirapo, chifukwa maziko ake adzakhala panjira, ndipo mbali yokongoletsera idzawonekera pamwamba pa pamwamba;
- amafa amachizidwa ndi antiseptic motsutsana ndi tizirombo ndi varnish kuchokera ku chinyezi. Gawo la pansi likulandira phula lamatume kapena phula. Gawo lakumtunda limatengedwa ndi ma varnish;
- monga nthawi yambiri nkhuni imadetsedwa mothandizidwa ndi ultraviolet, ndiye kumtunda Mungagwiritse ntchito matabwa a matabwa ndi mdima wakuda lacquer.
Mukudziwa?Mitengo yoyamba ya matabwa imadziwika kuchokera ku mbiri yakale ya ku China. Kukhala ndi moyo kwa nthawi yaitali kumadalira mtundu wa zinthuzo. Mitengo yolimba ndi yolimba imakhala yokhazikika. Mitengo ya Apple, mtedza, birch, beech, phiri phulusa ndi phulusa ndizofala m'madera otentha a steppe ndi nkhalango. Ndipo nyimbo yabwino kwambiri imachokera ku mthethe - ndi ya mtengo wolimba kwambiri.
Tsatani njira
Mtsinje wa chingwe. Pogwiritsa ntchito phokoso lam'mbali, gwiritsani ntchito zikhomo zina pamapope. Onetsetsani ntchito yomwe yachitika ndipo, ngati n'koyenera, yongolani mizere yomwe inakonzedwa.
Magulu ozungulira amalamulidwa ndi triangle ya Pythagorean yomwe ili ndi chiwerengero cha 3: 4: 5. Mizere ikulingalira chingwe chakumanga cha kutalika kwake. Ngati matabwa afa, amaikidwa ngati mawonekedwe, ndipo zizindikiro za malo ndi malire a zochitikazo zidzafunikiratu nkhaniyi isanayambe. Chigawo chokongoletsera ndi masentimita 35, chomwe chikufanana ndi kukula kwa munthu wamba.
Werengani momwe mungamangire kasupe ndi mathithi m'dzikoli ndi manja awo.
Kukonzekera kwa maziko
Gawo lotsatira ndi kukonzekera ngalande ya tsogolo. M'lifupi mwake amadziwika ndi chingwe cha zomangamanga. Kuya kwake kudzakhala 25-50 masentimita, malingana ndi makulidwe ndi mapangidwe a pilo. Zotsatira zochitika:
- Bayonet fosholo imatchula malire a kufukula;
- nthaka yokolola yachonde imachotsedwa ndikusamutsira kumalo ena pa tsamba. Angagwiritsidwe ntchito pokonzekera mabedi a maluwa kapena kutsanulira mabedi;
- pakuti ngalande yomwe ikuphwanyika nthaka pamphepete imapangika. Zotsatira za mizu ya zomera zimachotsedwa. Nthaka yochokera mumtsinje imachotsedwa pa webusaiti ndi ngolo yamunda;
- mlingo fufuzani kuya kwa dzenje ndi yopingasa.
Madzi odzaza
Malingana ndi kutsogolo kwa dzenje, pali mapulani a matabwa. Thirani mpangidwe wa miyala mu ngalande ngati maziko ndi ngalande yosanjikizira ndi kuigwirizanitsa iyo ndi mbale yothamanga. Pofuna kuwonjezera compaction, miyala ndi wothira madzi.
Cholinga cha chingwe chotere ndicho kuchotsa madzi a mvula kuchokera ku alley.
Mukudziwa?Kugwiritsa ntchito nsalu zokometsetsa pamsewu kunayamba mu theka lazaka zapitazo. Tsopano geotextile imapangitsanso malo otsetsereka ndi mabomba kuchokera kugwa, yogwiritsidwa ntchito mu kayendedwe ka ngalande ndi kumanga misewu. M'nyumba ya chilimwe mothandizidwa ndi malo otsetsereka otchedwa terraces ndi alpine slides, pangani zida zopangira.
Phokoso kudzazidwa
Kuphimba pansi pa makoma ndi ngalande kumbali ndi magetsi. Zimalepheretsa kuyanjana kwa dothi losiyana siyana ndipo zimateteza leaching kumalo ake akumwamba, kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa mfundo yachiwiri yamatsenga. Zinthu zakuthupi zimasiyanasiyana. Pakuti njira yamunda imagwiritsira ntchito unyinji wa 200-250 g / sq. m) Kukhadula mitengo kumagwiritsa ntchito miyendo iwiri. Mbali yapansi ya pilo imapangidwa ndi mchenga, ndi pamwamba - ndi miyala kapena miyala. Gravel sichisungunula chinyezi, chomwe chingalepheretse nkhuni kuswa.
Kutalika kwa mchenga ndi masentimita 10. Kuwona molondola kwa kuika, mungathe kugwiritsa ntchito chilemba cha kutalika kwake pa geotextile ndi chizindikiro. Mpanda uliwonse uli wozungulira ndi mbale yozembera. Mchenga kapena miyala yozungulira yothira madzi kuti agwirizane. Mlingo wa mchenga wowerengedwera uyenera kukhala wotero kuti pamene mukuyenda pambaliyi sipadzakhala zochitika. Mtundu wa geotextile uli pakati pa mchenga ndi miyala.
Kukonzekera kwa munda wanu, mumatha kupanga mazenera, chifukwa nthawi zambiri amagwiritsiridwa ntchito deren, barberry Turnn, thuja, spirea, lilac, irgu, rosehip, mtengo wa blister, black chokeberry, boxwood, forsythia, privet, hawthorn.
Kudula
Pazitali zam'mphepete mwa dzenje munali njira yothetsera konkire ya B7.5. Pa konkire yakhazikika pambali. Zikhoza kuthekera pazitali za miyala kapena miyala ya konkire.
Ndikofunikira!Konkire yowongoka ili ndi simenti yochepa ya simenti yamchere. Konkire yotereyi imatha kusokonekera. Pofuna kupewa izi, m'pofunika kuwonjezera chisakanizo.
Kuyika kumawona kudula
Pamene zitsulozo zimangokhala ndi simenti (pambuyo pa masiku 4-5), yambani kuyika gawo lalikulu la chophimbacho. Mtsamiro ukutsanulidwa ndi simenti yamadzi madzi osagwirizana. Mukamapanga simenti, timadzi timene timakhala timene timapanga timenti timene timakhala ndi timenti timene timapanga timenti timene timapanga timenti timene timapanga timenti timene timayimika. Imfa ya nkhuni imayikidwa pazomwezi ndikudzaza danga pakati pawo ndi miyala kapena miyala.
Popeza kuti mawonekedwe ake ndi ofanana ndi osiyana, zimalimbikitsidwa kubwera ndi ndondomeko kapena ndondomeko yokhala ndi nkhuni zocheka. Kudulidwa kungakhalebe mu dongosolo la mtundu wawo, koma kungakhalenso utoto ndi utoto.
Mafomu a kuika macheka akudutsa pamsewu akhoza kukhala osiyana:
- mawonekedwe ophweka - Mzere wozungulira umafa kumbali yonse ya mtunda. Pa nthawi yomweyi, ngakhale mizere imasinthira zogwirizana ndi zosavomerezeka;
- Mzere wa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamatabwa imapanga gulu lapamwamba la zithunzi;
- atayikidwa mwa mawonekedwe a magulu ang'onoang'ono pakati pa miyala ya miyala kapena miyala yamtengo wapatali, kuwona kudula kumayambitsa chisokonezo cha zisumbu za m'nyanja, zomwe zimathandiza kwambiri masewera a ana;
- alleyki yambiri yakale imapeza madontho ozungulira. Amafa mofanana ndi maimilikiti akhoza kuikidwa ndi herringbone kapena mawonekedwe a maluwa kumbali imodzi.
Kusamalira njira
Kamodzi pachaka matabwa mbali (kusinja) ayenera kuyeretsedwa ndi chitsulo scraper, Chitani ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ndikuphimba ndi utoto woteteza (utoto kapena mafuta otsekemera). Namsongole amachotsedwa kuti asungire umphumphu wa alley. Komanso m'dzinja ndi kofunikira kuchotsa masamba osagwa. M'nyengo yozizira, muyenera kuyeretsa chipale chofewa. Zing'onozing'ono zimachotsedwa ndi whisk, ndipo chosanjikiza chachikulu chimachotsedwa ndi fosholo. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kuti tigwiritse ntchito zizindikiro zamagetsi kuti zisungidwe kwa chisanu - izi zingasokoneze kuyang'ana kwa njirayo.
Phunzirani momwe mungasankhire mcheza wachitsulo, malo osungira madzi, chipinda chouma, mafuta oyendetsa mafuta ndi tekitala.
Ubwino wa kudula nkhuni
Njira yochokera kumtengo wa mtengo imakhala yosangalatsa, choyamba, kwa omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo yakale kuchokera kumunda wamunda. Kuwonjezera apo, ndi zophweka kudzipanga nokha.
Ubwino wa njira ya kumunda kuchokera ku mtengo:
- zosavuta kupanga ndi zosavuta kusunga;
- zosakwera mtengo;
- ali ndi mawonekedwe achilengedwe okongola.
Zoipa za misewu kuchokera kudula
Pali mavuto awiri akulu:
- mtengo;
- Kufunika kumafuna kusamalira nthawi zonse.
