Yabwino pakati pa maapulo obiriwira - kalasi Renet Simirenko

Posankha mtengo wa apulo, nthawi zambiri wamaluwa amasankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Ambiri amavomereza maapulo a Rennet Simirenko amasangalala kutchuka kosatha.

Zipatso zabwino, vinyo wonyekemera-kukoma kwa zipatso ndi dongosolo la mtengo wosamalira ndizothandiza kwambiri pa izi.

Ndi mtundu wanji?

Mitundu yambiri "Simirenko" imachokera ku apulole wam'mimba (Malus domestica) ndi limatanthawuza ku gulu losiyanasiyana "Renet". Kupezeka mwachibadwa, kalasi iyi imachedwa m'nyengo yozizira. Akatswiri moyenerera aganizire "Renet Simirenko" yabwino zosiyanasiyana chakudya ndi agrotechnical katundu pakati apulo mitengo ndi wobiriwira khungu la zipatso.

Maapulo "Simirenko" amatanthauza nyengo yozizira yosungidwa mpaka June kapena ngakhale September atakula m'minda ndi zaluzheniem (udzu wobiriwira).

Ndi nyengo yozizira imakhalanso ndi Youth, Orlovskoe Polesie, Berkutovsky, Bratchud ndi Vityaz.

Kuwongolera

"Renet Simirenko" amadzikonda kwambiri ndi mapuloteni a apulo a mitundu "Aydared", "Memory Sergeyev", "Korey", "Kuban spur" kapena "Golden Delicious".

Mtengo wa Apple "Simirenko" wokhala ndi mungu wochepa, womwe umagwirizanitsa nthawi imodzimodzi pa zipatso 11 peresenti.

Description zosiyanasiyana Renet Simirenko

Mitengo ya Mitengo "Simirenko" imakula kwambiri, wamtali, pamwamba pa kukula kwakukulu ndi zosiyana zamphamvu korona.

Chisangalalo chakumapeto, Shtriel, April, Bogatyr ndi Aromatny amadziwikanso ndi kutalika kwawo.

Pa masamba a mdima wandiweyani ndi brownish kapena wofiirira tinge pamenepo amadzipangira masamba obiriwira a kuwala kobiriwira ndi mzere wonyezimira, kupanga korona wozungulira.

Maluwa a maluwa oyera a sing'anga zazikulu mu apuloyi mmalo mochedwa, ndipo zokolola zimapezeka m'mawa. Kuphatikizana, kutanthauza zipatso zosiyanasiyana, monga mpikisano, kolchatki ndi zipatso.

Pamene mukudulira, samalani kuti musachotse nthambizo ndi zipatso zobala zipatso. Popanda kutero, buku la zokolola zam'tsogolo lidzachepetsedwa kwambiri.

Maapulo "Renet Simirenko" amaonekera bwino kapena amawonekera bwino kwambiri komanso amakhala ndi mawanga obiriwira pamtunda wa dzuwa, omwe amawoneka bwino. Ndiponso Kwachilendo, ndi zachilendo kukhala ndi mapiritsi ang'onoang'ono pakhungu la 7 mm kukula ndipo nthawi zambiri 2-3 zidutswa za zipatso - ichi ndi chizindikiro chapadera cha zosiyanasiyana.

Zipatso za apulo zimamatira kwa nthambi kwa nthawi yaitali, kuyembekezera zokolola.

Ukulu wa maapulo ndi wamkati kapena wamkulu, wolemera mpaka 200 gndipo mawonekedwewo amasiyanasiyana kuchokera kumtundu wozungulira mpaka wozungulira. Pamwamba pa chipatsocho ndi zosalala, ngakhale, komanso zosakanikirana. Maapulo onunkhira kwambiri "Simirenko" ali ndi kukoma kokoma kwambiri ndi zokometsera tinge.

Madokotala amalimbikitsa makamaka izi, zomwe ziribe anthocyanins, kwa anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a kagayidwe kachakudya komanso zakudya zopatsa thanzi.

Mbiri yobereka

"Renet Simirenko" anali kufalikira, poyamba anawonekera pa Farm Platonic ku Cherkasy dera ku Ukraine. Mwini mundayo, L. P. Simirenko, anapeza izi molakwika ndipo anadabwa kwambiri.

Sitikudziwikanso ngati mtengo unakula kuchokera ku mbewu yosadziwika kapena unali wa mitundu yakale yaiwalika. M'tsogolomu, "Simirenko" amalima ndikukula padziko lonse lapansi.

Dera logawa

Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maapulo Chidziwitso Simirenko chilimbikitsidwa kulima kumwera kwa Russia, ku Central Black Earth, ku Kuban ndi ku Ukraine. Apple Renet Simirenko akukula bwino ndipo amabala zipatso m'madera otentha a nkhalango kapena kumapiri, komwe nyengo yotentha ndi zakudya zambiri zimapanga zinthu zonsezi.

M'katikati mwa Russia, wolima munda angakumane ndi mavuto - izi zosiyanasiyana sizisiyana m'nyengo yozizira hardiness ndipo nthawi zina zimamasula ngakhale kumwera. Pogona komanso chisamaliro chapadera zingathandize kuthetsa vutoli.

Ngati mukufuna nyengo yozizira-yovuta, tcherani khutu kwa Wachiwiri, Zima Kukongola, Moscow Patapita Nthawi, Orlovskoye Polesye

Pereka

"Simirenko" amatanthauza mitundu yambiri yamtengo wapatali. Mtengo woyamba wokolola umapereka chaka cha 6 cha moyo wokha. Ngati mugwiritsa ntchito kanthawi kochepa kuti mugwirizanitse, mukhoza kuyembekezera kukolola kwa chaka chachinayi. Mitengo yaing'ono imabereka zipatso chaka ndi chaka, komanso anthu akuluakulu - mpaka pang'onopang'ono kapena zaka ziwiri.

Choyamba, mtengo uliwonse wa apulo umabweretsa 12-15 makilogalamu a zipatso, ndipo ali ndi zaka 10 - pafupifupi makilogalamu zana pachaka. Monga lamulo, mbewu imachotsedwa kumapeto kwa September kapena kumayambiriro kwa October.

Zokolola zabwino zikuwonetsedwa ndi mitundu yotsatira: Bryansk, Orlov, Marina, Antonovka ndi Aport.

Kubzala ndi kusamalira

Kubzala mtengo wa apulo kumalimbikitsidwa m'dzinja pamene kuli mwezi wonse chisanachitike chisanu. (mu nthawi ya September 20 mpaka October 15), kapena kumayambiriro kwa masika (mu khumi khumi zapitazi).

Ngati mlimiyo atachedwa mofulumira ndi kubzala mpaka pa October 20, ndibwino kuti prikopat apulo mtengo pansi, ndipo m'chaka chodzala. M'munda pa chiwembu, chitsanzo chabwino kwambiri cholowera pansi ndi ichi: 0.8-1 mamita ndi 2.5 mamita.

Pofuna kulima bwino Renet Simirenko apulo mtengo, ndikofunikira kutsatira ndondomeko zotsatirazi:

1. Timakumba dzenje (makamaka masiku asanu ndi awiri musanabzala), omwe ndi masentimita 60 ndi mamita 1 m'lifupi. Mbali yapamwamba ya nthaka ikuthandizira kudzaza dzenje - timaliyika mbali imodzi kumbali imodzi.
2. Posachedwapa Konzekerani nkhwangwa kuti mugwirizane ndi mtengo. Timayatsa mapeto ake kuti msomali usagwe.
3. Timakonza nthaka. Dothi la nthaka ndi kuwonjezera kwa mchenga wa mtsinje ndi peat ndi njira yabwino. Koma ngati nthaka ya mchenga imagwiritsidwa ntchito, timayambitsa humus kapena peat mu izo.
4. Tsemasani pansi pa dzenje ndi fosholo ndikuzidzaza ndi nthaka yomwe idaperekedwa kale ndi kudzazidwa ndi humus - wosanjikiza pafupifupi 20 masentimita wandiweyani.
5. Ngati mukufuna feteleza - 1 kapena 2 zidebe za phulusa ndi manyowa.
6. Amagona Malo otsala a dzenje ndi nthaka yachonde kapena nthaka yokonzedwa bwino. Payenera kukhala kondomeko pafupifupi masentimita 20.

Chenjerani - ngati tinyalanyaza kukwanira kumene kwa dzenje, tidzasintha mmera wosasunthika ndikuyika chitetezo chake.

1. Timayendetsa gombe pakati pa knoll.
2. Wothandizira akugwira mmera pa dzenje, mizu ya mtengo imayendetsedwa mofanana ndi phiri.
3. Timagona mizu pamwamba pa nthaka yachonde ndipo timapepuka kwambiri. Msuzi wa mizu (malo pamene thunthu imalowa muzu) ayenera kukhala pamwamba pa nthaka. Ngati izo zizama, sapling idzafa.
4. Imwani mtengo - zidebe 3 kapena 4 za lita imodzi iliyonse.
5. Timagwedeza nthaka kuzungulira thunthu ndi utuchi.
6. Timamangiriza nyemba pamphepete ndi ndondomeko eyiti.
7. M'tsogolomu, muyenera kutsatira mosamala malamulo onse oyang'anira ma apulo.

1. Kuthirira. Ndikofunika kuti nthawi zonse muzimwa madzi osapsa zipatso za apulo, kuti zisawononge nthaka - pafupifupi 3 nthawi pa nyengo, 3-5 ndowa pamtengo. Kulephera kwa chinyezi kumakhudza kukula kwa mphukira, ndipo, kotero, kukolola.
   

   Kuyambira kumapeto kwa July, kuthirira kumasiya kuti mtengo wa apulo ukonzekere nyengo yozizira. Malangizo a chiwerengero cha zidebe za mitengo yobala zipatso ndi zofanana, komabe kuthirira kumachitika pazigawo zotsatirazi: Panthawi ya maluwa, asanakhazikitsidwe mazira ambiri m'mwezi wa June, masabata awiri kapena atatu asanathe maapulo. Pomwe mavitamini a madzi akumwa amatha kusinthidwa.

2. Kupaka pamwamba. Kumapeto kwa nyengo yokula, mtengo wa apulo umadyetsedwa ndi nitrogen feteleza. M'dzinja ndi kofunikira kuti manyowa mitengo ndi manyowa ndi mchere zikhale zovuta.
   

   Kudyetsa apulo mtengo ndi ammonium nitrate ayenera kukhala mwangwiro njira. Manyowa a phosphate amadziwika mu dothi lakuda pafupifupi 30 cm kuzungulira tsinde.

3. Kudulira. Mu mitengo ya apulo yaing'ono, imangokhalira kuphulika osachepera 60 cm kutalika. Izi zidzasunga kusunga kukula kwa chaka chimodzi, pomwe zipatso zambiri zimangirizidwa.

Korona wochuluka kwambiri ndi nthambi zowuma m'nyengo yozizira zimafuna kupatulira nthawi zonse komanso nthawi yake.

4. Zima. Apple "Simirenko" kawirikawiri imapirira chilala ndi kutentha, sizimadwala ndi mphepo yamkuntho ndipo sichitha zipatso. Komabe, sakonda kuzizira kwa nyengo yozizira, samalola chisanu, chomwe chimawononga shtamb ndi nthambi ngakhale kumwera.
   

   Choncho, mtengo uyenera kusunga mizu ndi mulching pristvolnogo dongo mu kugwa. Mulch amatumikira peat, kompositi kapena humus. Chifukwa cha kukula kwa mphukira, mpando wachifumu umene umakhudzidwa ndi chimfine umabwerera msanga.
   

   Komanso, mitengo ikuluikulu imasowa kuika mitengo ikuluikulu.. Ndili ndi zaka, kutumphuka kumakula ndipo hares sadzawopa. Njira ina yabwino yotetezera bole ndiyo kutsuka laimu kapena choko.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

Mwatsoka, mtengo wa apulo "Simirenko" wodwala powdery mildew ndi nkhanambo.

Kupewa zowonongekazi ndi kupopera kwa korona nthawi zonse.

Kawirikawiri nkhanambo wamtengo wa apulo womwe umachokera ku masamba a chaka chatha. Komanso, ngati masambawa akudwala, zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri kupulumutsa mtengo.

Pofuna kupeŵa mavuto, nkofunika kuwotcha masamba onse akale, zipatso zamtundu ndi nthambi zomwe zidagwa chaka chatha.

Ngati Simirenko apula mtengo akadali odwala, musagwiritse ntchito Bordeaux madzi. Amagwira bwino matendawa, koma amaletsa kukula kwa masamba atsopano. Ndibwino kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala awa: Polycarbacin (40 g), Acrobat M (25 g), Euparine (10-15 g) kapena Didan M (25 g).

Chomeracho chimachepetsedwa mu 10 malita a madzi ndikugwiritsa ntchito milungu iwiri iliyonse. Kuti mupeze zotsatira zabwino, mankhwalawa amasiyana. Euparen amavutikanso ndi powdery mildew - ndikuchitanso chimodzimodzi.

Ngati chilimwe chili kutentha ndi kouma, akatswiri amalangiza kuti apange mtengo ndi chimodzi mwa zida zomwe zatchulidwa pamwamba pa masabata awiri asanatenge maapulo. Apo ayi, ndizotheka kuti chipatsocho chidzatengedwa ndi nkhanambo ndi kuvunda panthawi yosungirako. Processing ikuchitika mosamala, ndipo chidwi chapadera chimaperekedwa kwa underside masamba ndi pamwamba pa maapulo.

Alendo obwera kawirikawiri m'minda yamaluwa ndi tizilombo towononga monga chipatso chopangidwa ndi mitengo, silika, njenjete, njenjete, ndi ntchentche.

Pofuna kuteteza mtengo kuchokera ku tizirombo, m'chaka chiri kofunikira kuti tiwupaka mankhwala ndi mankhwala ndi mkuwa, komanso musanayambe maluwa - osakaniza "Zolona" ndi "Skor".

Ndikofunika kuti musaiwale kuchotsa namsongole. Ndiponso Tikulimbikitsidwa kupaka msampha wa papepala pamtengo wa mtengo. Izi zidzasiya tizirombo ndikuziteteza kuti asalowe mu korona..

Kumayambiriro kasupe, pamaso pa maonekedwe a maluwa ndi kuyamba kwa kuyamwa kutaya, Mukhoza kutsanulira mtengo wa apulo ndi njira ya 700 g ya urea mu 10 malita a madzi.

Njirayi idzawononga tizilombo tosungidwa kuchokera m'dzinja pa mtengo ndi pansi pake. Kenaka kamodzi pamwezi, mukhoza kufalitsa "Simirenko" pokonzekera zamoyo monga "Fitoverm", "Healthy Garden" kapena "Agravertin". Musasokoneze kukonza kwa munda "Zircon", kumathandizira kuwonjezera chipiriro cha apulo komanso kukana matenda.

Zosiyanasiyana "Renet Simirenko" - izi ndi zabwino ambiri wamaluwa. Kukolola kwakukulu, kukana chilala ndi mphepo, kuteteza kwa nthawi yaitali zipatso zabwino - zonsezi sizingalephere kukopa. Mmodzi amangofunikira kusintha kuti asamalire mtengo wa apulo - ndipo wolima munda sadzasangalala nazo.

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