Favus, nkhanambo (Favus) - matenda a fungal. Wothandizira matendawa ndi bowa la Favus, lomwe lili ndi nthambi yopapatiza ya mycelium.
Matendawa ndi aakulu, omwe amadziwika ndi zilonda za khungu komanso zowonjezera. Zosintha zowopsya zomwe zimawoneka pa malo a zilonda zimapezeka pa malo okhudzidwa a khungu. Kawirikawiri matendawa amakhudza khungu, nthenga, ziboda ndi ziwalo.
Wothandizira causative wotchedwa Trichophyton. T. gallinae Megnin amachititsa matenda ku nyama zakutchire ndi zakutchire, komanso nyama ndi mbalame zomwe zimakula mu ulimi. Kuchokera ku nkhuku, nkhuku, nkhuku ndi abakha akudwala ndi zida.
Kodi mbalame ndi chiyani?
Nkhumbazo zinayamba kudziwika ndi kuziphunzira mu 1839 ndi dokotala wa ku Germany Johann Lucas Schönlein.
Biology ndi morpholoji ya bowayi yafufuzidwa mosamalitsa, kafukufuku wasindikizidwa kuzinja ndi ku zolemba zachipatala.
Ntchito zomaliza kwambiri pa mutu uwu ndizo ntchito za Peak, Viruzhsky, Unna ndi Krall. Mu ntchito yawo, maphunziro anachitidwa pa zotsatira za nkhanambo pa anthu ndi nyama ndi mbalame.
Mafangayi omwe amakonda kwambiri ku Asia ndi America, koma kumadera aakulu kapena ochepa, amapezeka m'mayiko onse komwe kulima mafakitale ogulitsa nkhuku. Gwero la matendawa lingathe kukhala ndi kachilombo koyambitsa matenda, ndi kotheka kutengeka kwachindunji (kudzera mwachindunji zinthu zomwe zili ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda).
Zizindikiro zachuma za kuwonongeka komwe zimayambitsidwa ndi nkhanambo sizikhala zabwino kwambiri.
Zowonongeka zilipo chifukwa cha kutayika kwa nkhuku, kuchepa kwachangu, matenda akuluakulu, ndipo potsirizira pake, kufa kuchokera ku chivomerezo (ndi chithandizo chokwanira, chiwerengero cha anthu akufa ndi chaching'ono). Mbali yaikulu ya kuwonongeka ndi mtengo wofunikira kuti muchite zoletsa.
Amayambitsa matendawa
Trichophiton Gallinae (Trichophyton T. gallinae Megnin) ndi amene amachititsa kuti nkhuku zisawonongeke.
Nthendayi ikamasonkhanitsidwa, zambiri zimagululidwa kapena zimayambira, zomwe zimapezeka ngati masango kapena mndandanda.
Pomwe mukuwerenga tsitsi la tsitsili, zitha kuoneka kuti zinthu za bowa zili pambali pake. Mafupa aang'ono ndi mpweya wa mpweya amapezeka m'madera okhudzidwa.
Izi ndizimene zimasiyanitsa bowa la Achoreon ku dermatophytes yofanana. Mbali yodziwika ndi yakuti tsitsi silinadzaze kwathunthu ndi bowa..
Zotsatira zake, tsitsi limasunga kutalika kwake, silimathyoka, koma nthawi yomweyo limasintha mtundu - imakhala imvi. Ulusi ndi spores za fungus favus zili kunja kwa tsitsi, zimapha nthenga za nkhuku.
Kuyamba kwa matendawa kumathandizira nkhuku zambiri. Zimayambitsa kuvulazidwa kochuluka kwa ziwalo za thupi la mbalame. Pomwe zimakhala zolimba, nkhanambo imakula pang'onopang'ono, koma nambala ya mbalame zomwe zakhudzidwa zingakhale zofunikira.
Zizindikiro ndi zoona
Chithunzi cha kachipatala cha matendawa chimasiyana malinga ndi momwe matendawa amakhalira.
Ndi matenda a chilengedwe, nthawi yotsekemera imatha miyezi ingapo. Ndi matenda opangira, nthawi imeneyi ndi masabata atatu okha.
Nkhuku zitha kukhala ndi kachilombo ka nkhuku. Komabe, zizindikiro zachipatala zimawoneka kale akakalamba. Kawirikawiri, ndondomekoyi imayambira pamtunda, nkhope ya periorbital, khutu lobes. Mu ntchentche, ndondomekoyi ikuyamba, monga lamulo, mmalo mwa mlomo ndi pa iyo, ndiyeno imafalikira ku khungu ndi makorale.
Ngati mutafufuza bwinobwino malo okhudzidwa pogwiritsa ntchito galasi lokulitsa, mudzawona zing'onozing'ono zazing'onoting'ono zoyera pakati pawo. Kachilonda koopsa kamakhala ndi maonekedwe otukuka. Kenaka mabala oyerawo amayamba kukhala ndi chikasu chachikasu, ndipo ziphuphuzo zimakhala ndi maonekedwe a concave komanso osasinthasintha.
Kukhalapo kwa maphunziro amenewa kumasonyeza gawo lotsiriza la matenda, momwe mbalame imataya mafuta ake, imatha, kuchepa kwa magazi, ndi kutsekula m'mimba. Ngati matendawa amafalitsidwa ndi matupi awo, mavuto aakulu amapezeka - pochitika mafupa ndi minofu zimakhudzidwa, nthawi zambiri - ubongo.
Zosokoneza
Ngati matenda ali ndi chifuwa, monga lamulo, pali chithunzi chovomerezeka chachipatala, zomwe zimakhala bwino kwambiri zimapezeka mosavuta.
Choncho, kusiyana kwa matenda ndi matenda osadziwika sikumapangitsa akatswiri kuti akhale ovuta. Kuwasiyanitsa ndi trichophytia ndi microsporia kumapangitsa kuti tsitsi la tsitsi liwonongeke komanso likhale losalala, limakhala louma ndi losavuta.
Pambuyo pa kafukufuku wambiri, kufufuza kochepa kwambiri kwa matendawa kumapangidwira, kutsimikizira kuti matendawa ndi otani. Choyamba, chidziwitso chimapezeka ndi Chikhalidwe chimasintha nkhuku zomwe zimapezeka ndevu ndi mchere.
Kuchokera kumatendawa kuti musankhe fungasi kupatsa mosavuta. Makoloni a bowa amadziwika ndi kukula mofulumira, kuwala kwa mealy, malo okwezeka komanso malo ozungulira omwe ali pafupi.
Kuyezetsa magazi kwa nkhuku amene adamwalira chifukwa cha nkhuku amasonyeza chithunzichi.:
- kutaya;
- magazi;
- kukhalapo kwa malo osalandilidwa;
- chithunzi;
- mitsempha ndi zilonda zimapezeka pa goiter, m'matumbo, ndi m'mwamba;
- mitembo imakhala yododometsedwa.
Chithandizo
Pa minda yaikulu ya nkhuku, choyamba, muwerengere ndalama zomwe mungachite.
Malingana ndi zotsatira, mbalameyi imatha kuwonongedwa kapena kuchiritsidwa.
Njira zotsatirazi zikuchitidwa pofuna kuchiza matendawa.:
- chithandizo ndi mafuta odzola fungicidal;
- griseofulvin mkati;
- mankhwala obwezeretsa.
Mankhwalawa amachitidwa ndi mafuta odzola 3% kapena 5%, tar ndi sulfure zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchokera ku fungicides.
Akatswiri amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala othandizira kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zosiyanasiyana. Mwachitsanzo, sulfure imagwiritsidwa ntchito poonjezera 10% zamkuwa sulphate ndi 5% salicylic acid.
Kuletsa ndi njira zothandizira
Pakalipano, ndizochitika zowonongeka zokhazokha, popeza palibe njira yeniyeni yothetsera matenda a nkhanambo.
Ngati matendawa amapezeka m'minda yayikulu ya nkhuku mu gulu lonse la mbalame, gululi liwonongeke.
Pofuna kuteteza matendawa, zotsatirazi zikutsatiridwa.:
- malondawa akunenedwa kuti ndi osavuta;
- kudzipatula kwa mbalame zodwala ndi zokayikira;
- amaletsa kugulitsa ndi kutumiza kunja kwa mbalame zodwala;
- Malo osungirako amachotsedwa bwino;
- mankhwala ophera tizilombo toyambitsa matenda amapezeka ndi zotentha za alkali, mwatsopano wowawasa mandimu komanso yankho la carbolic asidi;
- Kuwopsya kwa mbalame zokhudzidwa ndi nyali za ultraviolet;
- Tengani njira zowononga tizirombo ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Mitundu ya nkhuku Bielefelder - mbalame zokongola zomwe zimatha kukongoletsa bwalo lililonse.Ngati mukufuna kukamera tirigu, ndi momwe mungamerekere, ndiye muyenera kuwerenga izi.
Kuchotsa malire kumachitika patatha masiku 21 kuchokera pamene mbalame yotsiriza yatha. Asanachotsere zoletsedwa, zochitika zizichitika kamodzi pa masiku khumi.
