Mu nkhalango zowonongeka, mungapeze bowa, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakula pafupi ndi moss, motero dzina - flyworm. Mukhoza kumakomana naye kuyambira pachilimwe mpaka kumapeto kwa autumn. Mitundu yake yonse imatengedwa ngati edible, koma ikhoza kusokonezeka ndi ntchentche yonyenga - parasitic.
Izi zidzakhala nkhani yathu, yomwe ndiyi, momwe tingasiyanitsire nkhwangwa yeniyeni yochokera ku nkhanza komanso kaya idya kapena ayi.
Mukudziwa? Thupi la bowa ndi mycelium yomwe ili pansi. Zitha kufalikira kutalika, pamene bowa palokha ndi chipatso chokhazikitsidwa kuti pakhale pulogalamu ya kuswana.
Bowa wa Boletus: Kufotokozera Kwambiri
Mokhovik ndi wa banja la Boletov ndipo ndi wachibale weniweni. Mtundu wambiri wa mokhovik ndi motley, wofiira, wa Polish ndi wobiriwira. 
Mitundu iliyonse ya mushroom wa mchere imakhala ndi malingaliro osiyana, koma makamaka kapu yake imakhala youma, kutuluka pang'ono, ndi ming'alu imaonekera pakhungu ndi msinkhu. Miyeso yake imasintha pamene ikukula, koma imatha kukhala masentimita 9 m'mimba mwake.
Nkhumba zam'mimba - zoyera, zachikasu, zofiira, kapena, monga mitundu yambiri, buluu. Mukhoza kupeza mtundu pa odulidwawo. Zonse za bowa, monga flywheel, zili ndi mbali chiwonongeko (pamwamba pomwe maselo opanga spore amayamba ndikumenyedwa). Mu flyworm ndi tubular, ndipo pores ya tubes ndi mokwanira mokwanira. Iwo akhoza kukhala mitundu yosiyana: chikasu, chobiriwira chachikasu kapena chofiira.
Mbali yapadera ya ntchentche kuchokera ku mitundu ina ya bowa ndi imeneyo kuti panthawi ya kukwera kwa hymopopeni, buluu limakhala pamalo olankhulana. Mphepete yonyenga ikhoza kupezeka mwa kufotokoza kwina, koma ndi ofanana kwambiri, omwe tidzakambiranapo pang'ono.
Mguwa wa chimanga makwinya kapena osalala, malingana ndi mitundu. Amakula mpaka masentimita 8. Spore powder amabwera mosiyanasiyana (mwachitsanzo, bulauni).
Mukudziwa? Bowa lililonse liri ndi madzi pafupifupi 90%.
Mitundu yambiri ya mbalamezi ndi ndondomeko
Pali mitundu yokwana 18 ya fungus. Choncho, mu zigawo zotsatirazi, mudzaphunzira zomwe ali ndi bowa komanso zomwe mitundu yawo ilipo.
Mukudziwa? Bowa umatulutsa vitamini D, ngati, ali ndi mtundu wokwanira wa dzuwa. Mtundu wa kapu wa bowa umadalira izi.
Mokhovik wobiriwira
Mokhovik wobiriwira ndi woimira kwambiri komanso wotchuka wa mtundu wake. Zitha kuzindikiridwa ndi kapu ya golide, yomwe ili ndi masentimita 10. Msowa wawotchi wobiriwira ndi wozungulira ndipo umadutsa kumunsi. Amatha kutalika kwa masentimita 9, ndipo mamita atatu masentimita m'kati mwake amatha kupindika. Icho chimakhala chowala kuposa chipewa cha bowa, pambali pake pali mthunzi wofiira wa njerwa. Mapira a bowa wobiriwira ndi wandiweyani ndi oyera, koma akadulidwa, amasanduka buluu. 
Mungathe kukumana ndi bowa m'mphepete mwa msewu, pafupi ndi misewu ndi m'nkhalango, kumene imakula kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa May mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October.
Mitunduyi ndi yokazinga, yophika, yofiira ndi yozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Mokhovik wobiriwira sumauma, monga momwe amasunga nthawi yaitali amasanduka wakuda.
Ntchentche yofiira
Akatswiri asayansi amanena kuti njoka yamtundu wachikasu ndi ya Maslyat, koma malinga ndi zizindikiro zakunja sizimakhala ngati batala.
Kapu ya bowa ili ndi nsalu ya chikasu ya brownish ndi mzere wambiri. Cap kapu - 140 mm m'mimba mwake. Pamwamba pake pang'onopang'ono, ndipo ukalamba, kapu imasintha mtundu: mwachitsanzo, nkhungu zazing'ono zimakhala ndi utoto wofiira, kenako zimakhala zofiira, ndipo zimakula kwambiri.
Chipewacho sichinafanane kwambiri ndi zamkati, ndipo zikagwedezedwa buluu. Msowa wa bowawo umapangidwa ngati silinda ndipo umatha kufika mamita 90mm, wokhala ndi mamita 35 mm. Ali ndi mandimu yachikasu. Mapira a bowa ndi olimba komanso owala. 
Mungathe kukumana ndi bowa mu nkhalango zakuda kuyambira July mpaka October.
Mokhovik wofiira wofiira akhoza kudyedwa mu fried, mchere kapena fotayi. Ikhozanso kuuma.
Mukudziwa? Ku Switzerland, anapeza bowa ali ndi zaka pafupifupi 1000. Ndi nkhono, mamita 800x500 kukula, ndipo mycelium yake ili ndi mahekitala 35 a dera la Swiss National Park la ofenpass.
Mokhovik wofiira
Mokhovik wofiira amadziwika bwino kwambiri chifukwa cha mtundu wake, ndipo pafupifupi aliyense amadziwa kumene kumakula. Choncho, nthawi zambiri amapezeka m'nkhalango zamtundu uliwonse pakati pa msipu kapena udzu wochepa.
Kapu ya bowayi imakhala yozungulira ndipo imakhala yaikulu masentimita 8. Mtundu wa bowa ndi wofiira kwambiri, hymenophore ndi wachikasu, koma pang'onopang'ono umatembenuka mwa buluu. Tsinde la chomera ndilokhazikika ndipo limakula mpaka masentimita 10 mu msinkhu ndi kufika 1 masentimita mu makulidwe. Kunja, pansi pa kapu, kumakhala kofiira, ndipo pafupi ndi pamunsi pamakhala kapezi-pinki. Nkhumba za bowa ndi zowirira komanso zachikasu. 
Mungathe kukumana ndi bowa kuyambira August mpaka September. Mtundu wa flyworm uli ndi fungo lokoma, koma ndibwino kuti uwophike nthawi yomweyo, chifukwa mdima umakhala wouma ndipo suyenera kusungirako.
Bowa wa ku Poland (bulauni)
Bowa la ku Poland ndi mwendo wofiirira ndi chipewa chofiirira. Chipewa chake chimakhala pafupifupi masentimita 20 ndipo chimakhala ngati mdima wonyezimira. Pogwidwa ndi chikasu pamwamba pake, mawanga a buluu kapena a bulauni amaoneka. Tsinde ndi lachangu, lopangidwa ngati silinda ndipo limafikira mpaka masentimita 14 m'litali ndi masentimita 4 mu makulidwe. Mukakanikizidwa ndi buluu. Mapira a bowa ndi owopsa ndi fruity kapena bowa fungo. 
Nkhukuyi ndi imodzi mwa bowa wotchuka kwambiri, ndipo imagwiritsidwa ntchito mwatsopano, zouma, mchere, zofiira ndi mazira.
Mukudziwa? Bowa zambiri zili ndi zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anthu azikhala okondwa komanso kuti azichita zinthu zina. Izi zimadziwika ndi azimayi achikale komanso a Viking, omwe amagwiritsa ntchito malowa kuti achite miyambo (makamaka kuti apange kulimba mtima ndikuukira adani awo ndi mantha awo onse).Mungathe kukumana ndi bowa wotere m'nkhalango zosakanikirana ndi zamchere, koma ntchitoyo imakhala yovuta kwambiri, chifukwa muyenera kudziwa nthawi yomwe bowa la Polish likukula m'deralo. Mwachitsanzo, ku Western Europe, bowa amapezeka kuyambira July mpaka November, ku Belarus - kuyambira August mpaka November, kudera la Moscow - kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa July mpaka kumapeto kwa October, ndi ku Ukraine - kuyambira July mpaka October.
Moss Fissured
Amapezeka m'nkhalango zotchedwa coniferous and deciduous kuyambira July mpaka October. Kapu ya bowa ndi yowopsya, yamtundu, yosasunthika ndipo ili ndi ming'alu, yomwe idakhala ngati maziko a dzina. Pakati pawo mukhoza kuona thupi loyera ndi lofiira. Kapu imalowa pamtunda wa masentimita 10. Msowa wa bowa uli ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira komanso mtundu wachikasu. Pafupi ndi maziko, mtundu wa miyendo umasintha kufiira. Msoka umakafika masentimita 6 m'litali ndi 2 cm mu makulidwe. Nyama ya ntchentche imawomba ndi yoyera kapena yachikasu, yofiira pamunsi mwa mwendo, ndipo imatembenuza buluu pang'onopang'ono kenako imabwezeretsanso. 
Bowa wa bowa amatha kudyetsa achinyamata, chifukwa ali ndi mchere wambiri. Zitha kuuma, kuzizira, zokazinga ndi mchere.
Mossy Parasitic: Mmene mungasiyanitsire Mohovik zakudya kuchokera m'mafa ake
Kawirikawiri pansi, kumene nkhumba zimakulira, mungapeze mkhalidwe wobiriwira bowa - Gudumu la moss parasitic. Nthawi zambiri zimakula pa tsamba la nsalu ya warty or rests. Bowa sali wa bowa woopsa, ngakhale kuti ali ndi kukoma kosangalatsa (palibe mankhwala owopsa pa mapira ake). 
Ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito flywheel yonyenga, musadandaule. Mitundu yonse ya agalu onyenga wonyenga ali ndi kulawa kowawa kokha. Bowawa ndi laling'ono kwambiri, kapu yake imakhala ndi masentimita asanu okha basi. Alibe fungo lapadera, ndipo palibe buluu mudulidwe. Ambiri osankha bowa akuyesera kupeĊµa izo.
Pakati pa bodza la mokhovikov mumaphatikizapo ndi bilious, tsabola ndi bokositi bowa.
Bowa wa kabokosi ali ndi mawonekedwe a mtundu wofiira wofiira. Mbali ya kapu imakhala ya masentimita 8. Thupi ndi loyera ndipo silinasinthe padulidwe. Mlendo wolimba, wooneka ngati silinda, ndipo mtundu wake umakhala wofanana ndi mtundu wa kapu. Kukula kwa mwendo ndi 3.5 ndi 3 masentimita. 
Ndi bowa wa mabokosi omwe nthawi zambiri amasokonezeka ndi bowa la Polish, koma si poizoni. Komabe, nthawi zambiri zimasokonezeka ndi bowa la satana lomwe liri loopsa kwambiri. 
Gall mushroom amapezeka kuyambira June mpaka October. Ikuwoneka ngati yoyera, chifukwa ili ndi mwendo wamphamvu kwambiri. Mimbayi imadutsa masentimita 7. Mthunzi wa bowa ndi mapangidwe a spongy omwe ali ndi mankhwala obiriwira omwe ali ndi kulawa kowawa: ngakhale mutakhudza chinthu ichi ndi chinenero chanu, mumamva kuti mukuyaka kwambiri. 
Komanso, bowa ichi chimadziwika ndi chinthu chimodzi: ndulu ya bowa (yofalitsa mbalame) siidapweteka ndi tizilombo.
Bowa wa Tsabola ili ndi kapu yachitsulo, yomwe ndi yotalika masentimita 7. Thupi la kapu ndi lotayirira komanso lachikasu, koma limawombera pang'onopang'ono. Kukoma kwake ndizokometsera komanso kansalu.
Msowa wa bowa umafikira masentimita 8 mu msinkhu ndi 2 cm mu makulidwe. Mu mawonekedwe ake, amafanana ndi khola lakuzungulira, ndipo mtundu wakewo ndi wofanana ndi wa kapu, koma pamunsi pamakhala wachikasu. Nthawi zambiri amamuona ngati ntchentche yonyenga. Iye ndi woopsa. 
Nkhumba za moss ndizokoma kwambiri, ndipo kufotokozera kwathu ndi chithunzichi zidzakuthandizani kuti muzitha kuzipeza mu nkhalango, popanda kuzisokoneza ndi mphulupulu yonyenga.
