Pamene mukufuna kupanga saladi yokoma ndi yathanzi, ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa udzu winawake Sikofunika kugula mankhwalawa nthawi iliyonse, chifukwa ikhoza kukulira pawekha. Choncho, lero tidzakambirana za momwe tingamere udzu winawake m'munda.
Zimaphatikizapo tsamba la celery
Mwinanso mukudziwa kuti pambali pa tsamba la udzu winawake, palinso stalked ndi root. Choncho ndikofunikira kusiyanitsa zomera zofanana. Tiye tikambirane za ma tsamba a celery. Masamba a zomera awa amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga zokongoletsera za saladi. Nthambi zokoma ndi zonunkhira zimangowonjezera mbale, komanso zimapindula. Kuwonjezera pa saladi, udzu winawake umadulidwa ku supu, broths ndi pickles. Ichi ndi nyengo yokhazikika yomwe ili yoyenera kutentha ndi kuyaka. Kawirikawiri, masamba a celery amawonjezedwa ku marinades osiyanasiyana, ndipo nthawi zonse mumatha kupeza masamba owuma omwe amawopsya.
Ndikofunikira! Udzu winawake wamatope umatchedwanso "udzu winawake wosungunuka". Choncho, pamene mukugula mbewu simuyenera kuopa dzina lina.
Kodi malo abwino kwambiri oyika tsamba la celery ndi kuti?
Yambani kukula zomera zimayenera kusankha malo obzala. Pa izi sizidalira kokha phindu la mankhwala omalizidwa, komanso kuchuluka kwake.
Kutentha kwa mpweya, kuyatsa ndi kutentha kwa udzu winawake
Mukadzala udzu winawake, muyenera kuganizira zinthu zina zomwe zimakhudza kwambiri kukula kwake ndi kukoma kwa masamba.. Tiyeni tiyambe ndi kutentha. Selari imafuna nyengo yozizira (pakati pa 18 ° C ndi 20 ° C) kuti ikule mofulumira. Pakati pa kutentha kochepa, kukula kumachepetsanso, ndipo chomeracho sichikhala ndi nthawi yowonjezera kuchuluka kwa zobiriwira.
Ndikofunikira! Selari tsamba limagonjetsedwa ndi chisanu.
Masamba a chomera amadyedwa, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti ubwino wa mankhwalawa molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa dzuwa ndi kutentha. Choncho, kudzala udzu winawake mumthunzi kapena pamthunzi simungathe. Komanso, zomera zimakonda kwambiri chinyezi. Choncho, ngati m'chaka kapena chilimwe nthawi imakhala youma, muyenera kuwonjezera kuthirira ndi mfuti. Musaiwale kuti malo amphepo ndi osayenera chifukwa chodzala udzu winawake. Kuphatikizapo kuti mphepo imachotsa chinyezi kuchokera pansi ndikuwotcha mizu, imatha kuswa chomera chosalimba, pambuyo pake udzu winawake umalira.
Mukudziwa? Pa maziko a udzu winawake wa ku Greece, iwo adakonzeratu chikondi cha abambo ndi abambo.
Kodi nthaka imakonda tsamba lotentha lotani?
Tsopano tiyeni tiyankhule za mtundu wa nthaka ngati tsamba la udzu winawake. Ambiri amaluwa amadziwa kuti zokolola zamagetsi zimadalira mwachindunji akale awo. Pankhani ya udzu winawake wa udzu winawake, mbewu zonse zamaluwa zimakhala zowonongeka. Pa nthawi imodzimodziyo, zomera zimakonda nthaka yovuta kwambiri yomwe imakhala mu humus. Nthaka iyenera kukhala mchenga ndi kusalowerera ndale ndi kupezeka kwa peat. Pofuna kupeza chonde chofunikira, muyenera kuyika humus m'nthaka m'dzinja, zomwe zingathandize zomera kuti zikhale zobiriwira.
Zomwe zimabzala udzu winawake wa udzu
Selari ikhoza kukulirakulira kuchokera ku mbewu kupita ku mbande ndi kubzalidwa kugula zomera zazing'ono. Ngati mutha kupeza zokolola zokha ngati mbeu, musataye mtima, pamene tikuganizira mitundu iwiri yobzala: mbewu ndi mbande.
Ndikofunikira! Kuti chomera chikhale ndi chisanu, ndi kofunika kuti muzitha kuyesa mbewu za udzu winawake (kuikidwa mu firiji).
Momwe mungasankhire ndikukonzekera kubzala
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi mbeu yosankhira m'dziko. Pali mitundu yambiri ya masamba oyera udzu, koma otchuka kwambiri ndi awa: "Kartuli", "Wokondwa", "Wofatsa" ndi "Zakhar". Mutagula mbewu, ayenera kukhala okonzeka. Poyamba, yambani nyembazo ndi potassium permanganate ndikuyiyika mumtambo wothira kwa masiku angapo. Okonzeka kubzala mbewu ayenera kumera. Mpaka pano, kukwera sikungatheke.
Kukonzekera nthaka yobzala
Kukonzekera kwa malo kubzala udzu winawake wouma udzu kumayamba ndi autumn kukumba. Izi zimachitika kuti awononge namsongole ndi tizilombo towononga.
Ndikofunikira! Ngati muli ndi loamy dothi lolemera pamtengowu, ndiye kuti mmalo mwa kugwa kukumba, kutsegulidwa kwa nyengo kumaperekedwa.
M'chaka cha dothi lowala amamasula nthaka ndi dzanja kapena pogwiritsa ntchito teknoloji. Kuwonjezera pa nthaka yowonongeka, ndikofunika kudzaza nthaka ndi zakudya. Pachifukwachi, phosphorous-potaziyamu ndi feteleza feteleza zimayambanso kugwa. Komabe, ndi bwino kukumbukira kuti ngati chiwembucho chilowetsedwa m'chaka, ndiye kuti feteleza imachepetsedwa nthawi yophukira. Kuwonjezera pa kudyetsa kwa m'dzinja, feteleza amakhalanso pansi pamapeto. Mpaka makilogalamu asanu a humus kapena kompositi imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa mita iliyonse ya lalikulu. Ngati kugwa kwa mineral feteleza kwagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndiye m'chaka chawo kuchuluka kwake kumachepetsa 10-15 g wa phosphate ndi 5-10 g wa nayitrogeni ndi potashi feteleza (m'dzinja imayambitsidwa kawiri mofanana ndi masika). Pogwiritsira ntchito zovuta mchere feteleza, mlingo wake ndi 40 g pa 1 sq. Km. m
Nthawi komanso mmene mungabweretse tsamba la udzu winawake
Ngati mwatsimikiza kubzala tsamba la udzu m'munda mwanu, koma simukudziwa momwe mungamabzalitsire mbewu (ndi mbeu za mbande kapena kugula mbande zokonzedwa bwino), ndiye mvetserani kuntchito ndi kuipa kwa njira iliyonse. Mukamabzala mbewu zowonjezera udzu wa mbande, mumasunga ndalama, monga mbande zokonzeka bwino. Pa nthawi yomweyi mutha kukhala ndi chidaliro pa zomera zachinyamata. Komabe, kufesa mbewu ndi kusamalira iwo kumatenga nthawi yochuluka yokwanira, kuphatikizapo, nthawi zonse pamakhala mwayi kuti mbewu zisamere ndipo nthawi idzawonongedwa.
Mukudziwa? Kale ku Greece, manda adakongoletsa chomeracho ndipo anapanga nkhata za ogonjetsa maseŵera a Isthmian ndi Nemean.
Ngati mwasankha kulima tsamba la udzu winawake kuchokera ku nyemba, ndiye mutatha kukonzekera, muyenera kusakaniza kusamba ndi mchenga (ndi kosavuta kumayambira pamene mukufesa, chifukwa mbewuzo ndizochepa komanso zimagwirizana ndi nthaka). Mbewu imafesedwa mwapadera, kuphatikizapo tsamba la dothi, mchenga, peat ndi humus mofanana. Kusakanikirana kumeneku kuyenera kuikidwa m'mabokosi omwe udzu wambiri udzalowera kwa nthawi yoyamba.
Kufesa mbewu mu March. Mu mabokosi okonzedwa ndi dothi amapanga mizere ingapo, mtunda wa pakati pawo uyenera kukhala osachepera 6-7 masentimita. Mbewu sichiyenera kuikidwa m'manda kuti zomera zazing'ono zikhale ndi mphamvu zokwanira kuti zidutse. Pambuyo pofesa, peat kapena humus mu mawonekedwe oponderezedwa amathiridwa mumtsinje pa mbeu ndikudzaza ndi nthaka. Ngati mwachita zonse molondola, ndiye kuti mphukira zoyamba zikhoza kuyembekezera masiku 8-12. Panthawiyi m'pofunikira kusunga kutentha pa 18-20 ˚С.
Ndikofunikira! Mphukira ikhoza kuchepetsedwa ndipo imachitika kwa milungu itatu yokha. Pakuti mbewu ya udzu winawake ndi yachilendo, kotero musachimwe pa khalidwe lawo.
Mbeu ikadzera, kutentha kwa chipinda kumachepetsedwa kufika 14-15 ˚C. Komanso, musayiwale kuti zomera zachinyamata zimafuna dzuwa, osati zopangira. Kuonjezerapo, udzu winawake umayenera kuthirira pa nthawi (kugwiritsa ntchito botolo lachitsulo kapena sieve). Pamene 2-3 zoona (osati cotyledon) masamba amaoneka pa mbande, zomera zimasamutsidwa ku miphika kapena mabokosi. Ndikofunika kuchepetsa pang'ono muzu kuti mupeze mizu yamphamvu, nthambi. 
Ambiri amakonda chidwi chodzala mbande za udzu winawake pansi. Poyera nthaka zomera zingabzalidwe kumayambiriro kwa May. Mukamatera, gwiritsani ntchito ndondomeko 25 x 25, kuti udzu winawake usakanikizidwe ndipo tchire sizingathetsane. Ngati mwagula kale mbande, onetsetsani kuti palibe tizilombo toyambitsa matenda (kapena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda) ndipo tibzalani pang'onopang'ono mogwirizana ndi mbeu yobzala.
Ndikofunikira! Selari imayikidwa kuti pakhale kukula kwake pamwamba pa nthaka.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji udzu winawake m'dzikomo?
Pambuyo mukamera mbande pamalo otseguka, amafunika kusamalidwa bwino. Ngakhale panthawi yoyamba yomwe mbandezo zinali zamphamvu kwambiri, ndiye chifukwa cha kusowa madzi kapena kumveka pamwamba pa nthawi yokolola mungapeze masamba otupa omwe adzalawa ngati udzu.
Kuthirira udzu winawake
Selari ikufunira chinyezi cha nthaka ndipo sichilola chilala. Popeza mizu ya mbewu siitali yaitali kwambiri, imatha kusonkhanitsa chinyezi chomwe chili pafupi ndi nthaka. Mukamwetsa, muyenera kuthira nthaka kuti pasakhale mafinya pamwamba pake. Choyamba, amalepheretsa kupeza mpweya ku mizu, kachiwiri, amatsuka nthaka, kuwonetsa mizu, ndipo katatu, amatha kuwonongeka. M'pofunika kuthirira madzi osungiramo mvula pokhapokha mutakhala chete m'mawa kapena madzulo. Kuthirira masana kapena kutentha kwa dzuwa sikuletsedwa. Kwa ulimi wothirira ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito kupopera, kuthirira ulimi wothirira kapena owaza. Madzi okwanira pazitsulo si abwino.
Mitundu yambiri yodyetsa udzu winawake
Tsopano tembenuzirani zomwe mungathe kudyetsa mbande za udzu winawake panthawi ya kukula kwake. Musanadzale mbande pansi, ziyenera kudyetsedwa. Choncho, milungu iwiri musanapite kumalo otseguka, mbewu iliyonse imathiriridwa ndi yankho ndi mchere feteleza (10-15 g wa ammonium nitrate ndi 5-10 g wa superphosphate amatengedwa kuti 5 l madzi). Mukamwetsa njirayi, onetsetsani kuti madziwo sagwera pa masamba, mwinamwake padzakhala kutentha. Pambuyo posamutsa mbande kuti mutsegule pansi, ndi bwino kuyembekezera masiku khumi ndikupanga feteleza zovuta, zomwe zimaphatikizapo sodium, phosphorus ndi potaziyamu. Choncho, mbewuyo idzalandira nthawi zonse zofunika zowonjezera mchere zowonjezera ndikukula.
Kupalira ndi kusamalira nthaka
Kupaka pakati pa mizere iyenera kuchitika pa zifukwa ziwiri: kuchotsa namsongole ndi kutsegula kwa oxygen ku mizu ya zomera. Tiyenera kumvetsetsa kuti celery ndi yovuta kwambiri ndipo alibe mizu yayikulu komanso yamphamvu yopikisana ndi namsongole. Choncho, ngati simukuchotsa namsongole ku chiwembu, iwo adzathamanga mwamsanga chikhalidwe ndipo adzafota. Amaluwa ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito mulch kuti asamalire namsongole. Pankhani ya udzu winawake wambiri, dongosolo lino limagwiranso ntchito. Zamulchirovav nthaka utuchi, masamba kapena agrofibre, inu kuchotsa namsongole ndi kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa kuthirira. Komanso onetsetsani kuti deralo silikuvunda zotsalira za zomera ndipo palibe madzi ochepa.
Mukudziwa? Chomeracho chinkaganiziridwa kuti chimabweretsa chimwemwe, ndipo nthawi zambiri chimapachikidwa mu zipinda ndi anyezi ndi adyo.
Udzu winawake: kukolola ndi kusungirako
Tsopano tiyeni tiyankhule za momwe ndi nthawi yothetsera tsamba la udzu winawake. Udzu winawake umadulidwa pazinthu zingapo. Gawo loyamba limayamba miyezi iwiri mutatha kukweza mbande pamalo otseguka. Dulani masamba omwe atalika masentimita 30-40. Pakati pa kudula, muyenera kupuma masiku 2-3. Njirayi imakulolani kuti muzisunga kuchuluka kwa zakudya m'masamba. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo kudula msinkhu kumakhudza ubwino wa mankhwala m'tsogolomu. Choncho, masamba amadulidwa pa kutalika kwa 5-7 masentimita kuchokera pansi. Kutalikaku sikungasokoneze masamba apakati osapangika ndipo zimapangitsa kuti zomera zisagwedezeke m'nyengo yozizira.
Mutatha kudula, pali njira zingapo zosungira udzu winawake:
- m'firiji (popanda kuzizira);
- kuyanika;
- kuzizira;
- salting
Njira iliyonse ili yoyenera ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Ngati mukudziwa kuti zina mwazomwe mumafunikira masiku 10 otsatira, ndiye kuti mukhoza kuziyika mu furiji, atakulungidwa muzitsulo zamagetsi. Ngati udzu winawake wophimbidwa mufilimu ya chakudya, udzayamba kuwonongeka pa tsiku lachinayi. Kuyanika udzu winawake kumathandiza kuti muchepetse kukula kwa mbewu ndikuiika kunja kwa firiji. Kuti muumitse masamba, mukufunikira kusonkhanitsa kuti muwaike pansi pa denga kuti awombedwe, koma osati kuwonekera kwa dzuwa.
Kuika udzu winawake kumasowa kusanjikiza kokha ndipo nthawi ndi nthawi kutembenuza masamba kumbali ina. Kukonzekera kwa mankhwala kumatsimikiziridwa ndi masamba osweka ndi kusintha mtundu wawo. Ngati mankhwalawa sali ochuluka, ndiye kuti akhoza kuuma kunyumba. Papepala ili likufalikira, udzu winawake wasungidwa pamwamba pake ndipo mndandanda wa mapepala amapezedwa pamwamba. Kuyanika m'nyumba kumatenga pafupi mwezi. 
Ngati celery idzagwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa tebulo, ikhoza kuzizira. Ndikofunika kumvetsetsa kuti pambuyo pozizira kwambiri mbewu idzatayika mavitamini ndi mchere. Kuzizira kumasankha osakhala achikasu. Kusweka kwa kukula kofunika, kutsanulira madzi ndi kuzizira. Njira yosangalatsa yosungira udzu winawake ndi salting. Pochita izi, 500 g masamba amatenga 100 g mchere ndi mchere mitsuko. Pambuyo pake salting iyenera kuperekedwa kwa brew kwa milungu iwiri ndipo ikhoza kudyedwa. Zida sizikhoza kuikidwa mu firiji, chifukwa mchere sulola kuti masambawo avunda kapena nkhungu.
M'munda wanu mukhoza kukula zambiri zokoma ndi zamasamba, zipatso ndi zokometsera. Tsopano inu mukhoza kuwonjezera udzu winawake ku mndandanda uwu. Mdima umenewu sungakuthandizeni kukongoletsa tebulo kapena kuphika borscht zokoma, koma zimathandizanso pamene mukudya nyama kapena nsomba, kumalonda.
