Kusamalira bwino ndi kukwera kwamtengo wapatali kwa zipatso za pichesi pa kugwa ndichinsinsi cha tsogolo labwino la pichesi, ndipo chifukwa cha zomwe zakhala zikuchitika, zimadalira momwe pisakasa lidzasinthira nyengo yozizira ndi kutentha.
Tiyeni tiyambe ndi nthaka
Kukonzekera pichesi chifukwa cha nyengo yozizira imayamba ndi kukonzekera kwa nthaka. Peach munda ikuchepera mochedwa, ziphuphu sizinathyoledwe, izi zatsimikiziridwa kuti tizilombo timene timalowa mu nthaka, timafa.
Kukumba malo ndi fosholo yabwino. Kukumba pa full bayonet, yolimba kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwake kwa madzi ndi kutentha kumadalira izi. Frost, kumasula chipikacho, kumalola chinyezi popanda zopinga kuti zigwe pansi.
Mukufuna feteleza
Gawo lachiwiri pokonzekera munda wachisanu ndi umuna. Kudyetsa pichesi kumayamba ndi kugwiritsa ntchito feteleza feteleza. Amalimbikitsidwa kuti apange zitsime za pristvolny, zomwe zimakhala zakuya masentimita 25, ndi mtunda kuchokera pa tsinde mpaka masentimita 30. Pansi pa grooves mwadzaza ndi phosphorous feteleza, ndiye potashi feteleza akuwonjezeredwa. Msulidwe uliwonse wa feteleza umatsanulidwa ndi chigawo cha nthaka pafupifupi masentimita 4.
Mu kugwa amapanga nayitrogeni feteleza.. Zambiri zawo, komanso mineral, zimadalira zaka za mtengo wa pichesi.
Pansi pa mitengo yachinyamata, yomwe ili ndi zaka ziwiri, yanizani makilogalamu 10 a kompositi kapena manyowa, 80 magalamu a superphosphate, 30 magalamu a potaziyamu mchere.
Mtengo umene wafika zaka zoposa 3-4 ukusowa makilogalamu 15 a manyowa, 60 magalamu a ammonium nitrate, 120 magalamu a superphosphate ndi pafupifupi 50 magalamu a potashi mchere. Peach, ali ndi zaka zisanu ndi zisanu ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri, amafuna manyowa mpaka makilogalamu 30, superphosphate mpaka 180 magalamu, ndi potashi mchere mpaka 70 magalamu. Kuphatikiza kwa groove kuzungulira thunthu kuyenera kukhala wofanana ndi mamita atatu.
Mtengo wamkulu, womwe uli ndi zaka 7, umafuna makilogalamu 30 a manyowa, 120 magalamu a ammonium nitrate, 250 magalamu a superphosphate, 90 magalamu a potaziyamu mchere. Mtengo wa pichesi uli ndi zaka 9-10, mlingo wa fetereza umapitirira.
Kuwonjezera pa kugwiritsa ntchito mchere ndi organic feteleza mu kugwa, foliar pichesi subcortex ntchito. Mitengo imayambidwa ndi njira ya urea, kapena chisakanizo cha superphosphate, urea, mchere wa potaziyamu, boric acid, komanso potaziyamu permanganate ndi zitsulo sulfate, zomwe zimaphulutsidwa m'matita 10 a madzi.
Zing'onozing'ono zokhudza kumasulidwa
Njira yotere yothetsera kumasula ikhoza kupereka kulowa mlengalengandi kupereka nthaka ndi mpweya wokwanira. Pansi pa kumasula kumatanthauza kuwonongedwa kwa dziko lapansi. Komanso, kutsegula kumawathandiza kuthetsa udzu wonse, kuchokera pansi kusankha mizu yonse yaikulu.
Nthaka yotsegula bwino imatenga chinyezi chopatsa moyo ndi madzi kapena mvula.
Nthaka imamasulidwa ndi zipangizo monga khasu, chodula chophwanyika, mungagwiritse ntchito alimi opanga manja kapena aker. Ena wamaluwa M'malo momasula nthaka, gwiritsani ntchito njira ngati kubisa nthaka ndi mulch, pansi pake sitimapangidwe.
Tsopano ponena za kuthirira
Chimodzi mwa magawo ofunikira kwambiri pokonzekera pichesi m'nyengo yozizira amadziwika ngati chinyezi. Pambuyo kuthirira, nthaka iyenera kusakanizidwa mpaka masentimita 70. Dziko lapansi pansi pa korona la mtengo limamasulidwa kuti likhale ndi madzi okwanira bwino ndi kusungunula madzi.
Kuthirira mitengo isanafike chisanu. Kuthirira pichesi panthawi ina kungachititse kuti mtengowo uzizira.
Kumapeto ndi ofunda autumn, 600 cu. m / ha wa madzi. Popeza mizu yambiri ya pichesi imakhala yopanda pang'onopang'ono, mpaka masentimita 60 mozama, madzi pang'ono amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuthirira. Nkofunika kumwa madzi moyenera, chifukwa madzi okwanira ambiri angapangitse madzi a nthaka.
Kugwiritsa ntchito ulimi wothirira sikunagwiritsidwe ntchito m'minda ndi nthaka yolemerera dothi, komanso m'madera omwe ali pansi. Zidzakhala bwino m'madera okhala ndi mchenga kapena podzolic.
Podzimny ulimi wothirira ntchito kumapeto kwa October kapena kumayambiriro kwa November, ndi nthawi ino ya chaka kuti palibe chitsimikizo cha kukula kwa mtengo. Mtengo wa zipatso kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira umayamba kukula bwino.
Lamulo lofunika kwambiri lomwe liyenera kukumbukiridwa nthawi zonse ndiloti pichesi imakonda kuthirira madzi ambiri, koma samafuna kusewera kwa madzi.
Dulani pichesi molondola
Pofuna kupeza zolimba, zokolola zabwino za pichesi, akudulira mtengo m'dzinja, chifukwa izi ndi zofunika komanso zofunika pakukula.
Kudulira mitengo kumayamba ndi kufika kwa autumn, mwachitsanzo, kuyambira September mpaka pakati pa mwezi wa October.
Poyambira m'dzinja, kudulira kumadulidwa kuti mtengo uchiritse mabala ake.
Pali mitundu yambiri yodulira monga:
- Kudulira zowonongeka kumachitika pofuna kuchotsa nthambi za matenda ndi zomwe zatha. Zimachotsedwa kenako zimatenthedwa.
- Kupanga kudulira m'dzinja kumachitika kokha kum'mwera, ndipo pamtunda ndi nyengo yozizira - m'chaka. Chotsani nthambi zowonjezereka, zamphamvu kuti muteteze mpikisano ndi nthambi za chigoba.
- Kudula mitengo yokalamba kumachitidwa ku mitengo yakale. Ntchito yake ndi kukonzanso korona wa pichesi ndikuikamo.
- Kuti mtengo wa pichesi ubale chipatso kwa nthawi yayitali, m'pofunika kuti uchitepola kudulira, ndikofunika kuchotsa mbali ya nthambi ya nthambi.
- Kukonza kubwezeretsa kumawonjezera fruiting ya mtengo (nthambi zimachotsedwa).
Pitani ku chitetezo
Choyamba cha kutetezedwa kwa dzuwa
Kusinthasintha kwadzidzidzi kwa kutentha ndi nyengo yozizira kungakhudze maonekedwe a pichesi yotentha ndi dzuwa. Kuwonongeka kumapeza makungwa, nthambi, thunthu, ndipo nthawizina mizu. Kawirikawiri imakhalanso yozizira kwambiri.
Mphungu yowonongeka ikhoza kufa ngakhale pang'ono ndi frosting, kukula kwake kwafupika, masamba amakhala obiriwira mobiriwira. Kutentha kwa dzuwa kungapezeke mu autumn ndi nyengo, ndipo ngakhale kumayambiriro kwa masika.
Chifukwa cha kuyaka chikhoza kuganiziridwa bwino kuthirira mtengo ndi madzi osakwanira komanso osagwirizana. Pa dothi loonda, zotentha zimawoneka mobwerezabwereza komanso molimba kwambiri. Makamaka kuonongeka pichesi mbande.
Pofuna kuteteza mtengo wa pichesi kuti usamatenthe ndi dzuwa, mumayenera kuyera ma thomusi ndi nthambi za mitengo yachitsamba, ndi zomwe zimabereka zipatso. Pogwiritsa ntchito kuyera kwa mwayera pogwiritsa ntchito laimu. Amalimbikitsa kupopera pichesi ndi mkaka wa mandimu kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zake, zomwe zimathandiza kuteteza zipatso ndi makungwa.
M'munda wachinyamata wamapichesi, mitengo ikuluikulu ya mitengo imalangizidwa kuti ipite m'nyengo yozizira ndi mapesi a mpendadzuwa, chimanga, nthambi za spirce kapena pepala lakuda. Komanso, chitetezo cha mtengo kuchoka ku dzuwa chimakhudzidwanso ndi kulima kwadothi kwa nthawi yake, kuthirira moyenera, feteleza, muyeso yofunikira pamtengo.
Pangani pichesi kukazizira
Peach amafunikira chitetezo ku chisanu cha chisanu. Iye akuphimbidwa. Mlingo wa malo omwe umamera umadalira nyengo ya nyengo, pamtunda woteteza munda wa mphepo. Malo angakhale osatha komanso osakhalitsa. Pofuna kuteteza kutentha kwa mizu, muyenera kupanga mtunda wautali mpaka masentimita 30, uyenera kukhala pamwamba pa scion, kuzungulira thunthu la pichesi. Mtengowu umadzazidwa ndi thumba lachisanu, umakulungidwa mmera.
Nthawi zina mtengo wa pichesi umaphimbidwa m'njira yapachiyambi. Kabatoni kabukuka kamayikidwa, komwe udzu umakonzedweratu. Ndi zotsika mtengo komanso zosangalatsa. Mitengo yophimba imafuna zipangizo zopuma, kapena kupanga mabowo.
Kuteteza tizilombo ndi matenda
Peach ambiri amadwala matenda monga tsamba kupiringa, powdery mildew, moniliosis, ndi cluespora.
Koma, matenda aakulu ndi tsamba lopiringa. Pofuna kupewa kupezeka kwake, Mtengo umafunika kupopedwa ndi fungicides. Yankho la mkuwa sulphate ndilobwino, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito Bordeaux osakaniza. M'nyengo yophukira, mitengo imayambira kutsuka pambuyo pa masamba onse agwa.
Kuphika pichesi m'nyengo yozizira
Kukonzekera pichesi kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yozizira kumaphatikizapo njira zambiri zovuta. Izi sizikutanthauza kupopera nkhuni Bordeaux osakaniza, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pambuyo pa kugwa kwa masamba onse a mtengo, koma njira zina zambiri. Peach amathiridwa m'dzinja, ndipo thunthu la mtengo likulumikizidwa ndi utuchi.
Mtengo wa pichesi uyenera kukhala woyera, osati thunthu lokha, komanso nthambi za chigoba. Kutupa koyera kumatheka patsiku la autumn komanso m'nyengo yozizira. Sizimaperekanso mtengo kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yokula. Peach whiten yankhoomwe ali ndi laimu ndi vitriol wabuluu, omwe amadzipukutira mu chidebe cha madzi. Kuti kumangiriza bwino kwa kusakaniza uku kuwonjezere sopo yotsuka zovala.
Gawo lotsatira ndikutentha nkhuni. Iyi ndi nthawi yovuta kwambiri, chifukwa momwe nkhuni zimayendera bwino zimadalira m'mene zidzakhalire m'nyengo yozizira.
Mizu imaikidwa ndi manyowa pang'ono., koma mukhoza kupota. Koma, ngati palibe manyowa kapena phulusa, nthaka yamba idzachitanso. Kenaka thunthu la pichesi likulumikizidwa ndi bango, udzu, amafunika kumangirizidwa ndi chingwe ku mtengo.
Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mbande ya pichesi m'nyengo yozizira, chifukwa iwo adzakhala ndi mwayi wochepa wosavuta.
Masamba atagwa, mitengo yonse ya pichesi iyenera kufufuzidwa mosamala kwambiri, mitsetse kuchotsa matenda ndi zouma nthambi, kuphimba zigawo zonse ndi phula kapena mafuta. Masamba ndi zipatso zomwe zagwera, komanso nthambi zodulidwa zimachotsedwa, zimasonkhanitsidwa ndi kutenthedwa.
Kuwononga spores wa matenda fungal, mtengowo uyenera kutsukidwa bwino ndi mankhwala a mkuwa wa sulphate kapena mwamsanga. Koma, n'zotheka ndi zina zotchedwa fungicides.
