Cherry Kharitonovskaya
Cherry ndi chipatso chapadera ndi chamoyo chabwino. Pali mitundu yambiri ya yamatcheri, koma imodzi mwa otchuka kwambiri ndi Kharitonovskaya chitumbuwa. Anagwidwa ndi kudutsa mitundu iwiri ya Diamondi ndi Zhukovsky.
Cheryonovskaya Cherry, mwa mawu a zipatso kucha, amatanthauza pakati mitengo yakucha. Amalekerera chisanu. Makamaka a yamatcheri amaphatikizapo kukula kwakukulu, zokolola zolimba, kukana zozirombo zosiyanasiyana ndi matenda, kuphatikizapo matenda monga coccomycosis.
Kufotokozera:
Zipatso
Zipatso Zikatere zimakula zipatso zambiri, zimakhala zozungulira. Kutalika kwa chipatso kumakhala kofanana, ndi 18 mm, kutalika kwake kwafika kwa 16 mm, ndipo kulemera kwake kwa mabulosi amodzi kungakhale 5.0 g. Mabulosi a chitumbuwa amamanga pamwamba, ndi phokoso lakuya ndi sing'anga, pali vuto laling'ono m'munsi. Mwalawu umakhala wosiyana kwambiri ndi zamkati.
Mtundu wa Cherry - mdima wandiweyani, pali pang'ono pang'onopang'ono, koma ali pafupi osawonekera. Kuchokera ku mitundu yambiri ya yamatcheri, "Kharitonovskaya" imasiyana mosiyana ndi khungu lakuda. Manyowa osakanizika komanso ofewa, okhala ndi lalanje. Madzi otengedwa kuchokera kwawo ndi wofiira kwambiri. Zipatso za Cherry zimaphatikizapo shuga, zidulo (kuphatikizapo ascorbic acid).
Zakudya zamtengo wapatali zimakhala zowonongeka zipatso, chifukwa ngakhale ngakhale zitanyamula ngongole yaitali zimakhalabe ndi mawonekedwe ake.
Zosiyanasiyana za Kharitonovskaya zimadziwika ndi kutalika kwake ndi makulidwe a tsinde, zimakhala zosiyana ndi nthambi, koma zimagwirizanitsa ndi fupa. Cheryonovskaya Cherry ndi wodzikonda chonde zosiyanasiyana.
Mtengo
Kharitonovskaya mitengo yamtengo wa chitumbuwa ndi yausinkhu wa kukula, kutalika kwake ndi pafupi mamita 2.5. Maonekedwe a korona wa chitumbuwa amamangidwa, akuwongolera, ndi sing'anga leafiness. Tsamba la tsambali ndi lopanda kanthu, m'munsi mwake ndilopangidwa, ndipo pamwamba pang'onopang'ono pamakhala phokoso, palibe cholakwika, ndi lalikulu serrate m'mphepete mwa tsamba la chitumbuwa. Mtundu wa masambawo ndi wobiriwira, masamba ndi ofewa ndi aakulu mpaka kukhudza.
Cherry wanena za masamba, osowa, ofiira-ofiira ndi mtundu, amakula pafupi ndi mphukira. Mu Kharitonov wa cherry petiole ndi wandiweyani komanso wautali kutalika. Maluwa a Cherry ndi aakulu, oyera. Fruiting ikuyamba pa kukula kwa chaka chatha.
Zoipa, ubwino wa chitumbuwa:
Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana zimaphatikizapo kukula kwakukulu, zokolola zolimba, zipatso zamtengo wapatali komanso kusinthasintha kwa cholinga chawo, kuwonjezereka kwa cocomycosis. Zopweteka za Kharitonovskaya chitumbuwa chosiyanasiyana zimatengedwa ngati fupa lalikulu, koma izi sizothandiza kwambiri.
Zotsatira zofika
Cherry si mtengo wamtengo wapatali kwambiri, koma ndi kubzala bwino ndikukonzekera nthaka, ikhoza kubweretsa zipatso zabwino.
Kutetezedwa ku makoswe, m'nyengo yozizira, ndi chisanu, nthambi zafiritsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito, zomwe zimayikidwa pa korona wamtengo.
Zochepa mitundu ya chitumbuwa "Kharitonovskaya" anabzala kudzala m'dzinja, makamaka isanayambe chisanu. Izi ndizochitika bwino pakati pa mwezi wa October. Mbande zikhoza kubzalidwa kumayambiriro kwa masika, chisanu chimasungunuka, ndipo nthaka imayamba kuuma ndi kudula pang'ono. Koma, muyenera kukhala ndi nthawi yobzala yamatcheri musanayambe kuuluka masamba ena.
Ndi bwino kusiya mbande za chitumbuwa cha Kharitonova, zomwe zinagulidwa kumapeto kwa autumn, kufikira masika. Amalowetsedwa mu ngalande, momwe kuya kwake kuli kofanana ndi masentimita 30-35, iwo amakonzedwa korona kummwera pa ngodya ya 30-45 °. Mzu wa mtengowo umamangiriridwa mwamphamvu ndi kuthirira.
Tikufika Mbande imayamba ndi kusankha malo pomwe mtengo udzakula. Malo okongola kwambiri, ndi kuwala kwa dzuwa. Koma chitumbuwa chikhoza kubzalidwa pafupi ndi mpanda kapena nyumba zina zachuma, ndikofunikira kusankha gawo lakumwera kwa dzikolo.
Ndi bwino kudzala Kharitonovskaya chitumbuwa pa nthaka, komwe madzi a pansi pa nthaka amakhala osachepera 1.5 mamita kuchokera pamwamba pa nthaka. Kumadera omwe madzi ali pafupi kwambiri, pangani mapiri, omwe kutalika kwake kuli pafupi mita imodzi.
Ndibwino kuti mupite Mitengo yamakiti imatengedwa ngati nthaka yamchenga yopanda ndale. Malo pa chiwembu, musanabzala mbande, ayenera kukhala okonzeka, mwachitsanzo, khalidwe lake liyenera kukhala lokonzeka. Chinthu choyamba chimene mukuchita ndi kukumba chiwembu. Pamene kukumba, organic, potashi ndi feteleza phosphate zimagwiritsidwa ntchito (mu chiŵerengero cha 1 sq. M. 15 makilogalamu: 100 magalamu: 100 magalamu).
M'nthaka yokhala ndi acidity yambiri, m'pofunika kupanga liming.
Saplings a Kharitonovskaya chitumbuwa zosiyanasiyana ndi bwino kusankha 1-2 zaka zakubadwa Ankalumikizidwa ndi chogwirira. Musanabzala mtengo, m'pofunika kuyesa mizu yake, mizu yoonongeka imachotsedwa, ndipo imangokhala yathanzi. Mizu yowuma, musanafike pansi, ndibwino kuti muyiike m'madzi kwa maola 3-4.
Mabomba okwera ayambe kukumba pasadakhale, milungu iwiri isanakwane tsiku lokonzekera mbande. Kutalika kwa dzenje ndi 60-80 masentimita, kuya kwa dzenje ndi 50-60 masentimita. Pamene kukumba dzenje, chonde chomera cha nthaka chikuchotsedwa ndi kutayidwa panjira imodzi, ndi kumunsi-kumbali inayo. Pakatikatikati mwa gombe lakumtunda, pamtunda wa mamita 1.2.
Kuwonjezera pa dothi, nkofunika kuti manyowa ndi kukumba dzenje. Pofuna kuti nthaka ikhale yabwino, makamaka pa dothi losauka, mitsuko yambiri ya humus (manyowa kapena kompositi), superphosphate mu granules (300 magalamu), potassium sulphate (120 magalamu) ndi phulusa (1000 magalamu) zimatsanulidwa mu dzenje. Sizingatheke kuwonjezera feteleza ndi mchere kuti mubweretse maenje.
Ndipo tsopano inu mukhoza kuyamba kubzala chitumbuwa mbande.
Mu hillock yokha, kutalika kwake ndi pafupifupi 50 cm, amaika mtengo ndikuwongolera mizu. Gombe ndi mizu zili ndi dziko lapansi pakati pa mizere, ndikupondaponda kwambiri. Kenaka, muyenera kubisa dzenje loyamikako chitumbuwa ndi kuthirira mbewu. Mbewu yothirira ndi 2-3 ndowa zamtengo pamtengo. Kenako nthaka imamasulidwa.
Cherry mbande Kharitonovskaya ayenera kubzalidwa mozama kuti pambuyo kuthirira muzu kolala amakhala pansi.
Zosamalira
Titatha Kharitonovskaya cherries amafunika kumasula nthawi zonse nthaka, kuthirira mtengo, kudula mphukira zosafunikira, kuteteza ku tizirombo, kuchotsa namsongole.
Kulamulira kwakukulu kwa kukolola kwa yamatcheri ndiko kukhalapo kwa "abwino oyandikana nawo", ndiko kuti, zomera zabwino ziyenera kubzalidwa pozungulira. Jasmine, ananyamuka, sitiroberi, baka rasipiberi, gladioli, mphesa ndi barberries zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pa yamatcheri. Sitikulimbikitsidwa kubzala mtengo wa apulo, daffodils, coniferous mitengo, pansies, irises, kaloti, maluwa pafupi ndi mitengo ya cherry.
Chisamaliro chakumapeto Zimaphatikizapo kukumba nthaka, feteleza ndikukonzekera nyengo yozizira. Ndikofunika kupanga chitetezo chokwanira cha thunthu ndi thunthu la mtengo.
Zimakhalanso zosangalatsa kuwerenga za chisamaliro choyenera ndi chodzala yamatcheri.
Njira yowonongeka ndiyo kukhala pogona ndi chipale chofewa; mulch amatsanulira pa chipale chofewa chifukwa cha chisanu; chikhoza kukhala utuchi kapena udzu. Kuti chitetezeni chomera ku makoswe Pezani yankho lapadera - chisakanizo cha dongo, mullein, iron sulphate, kuposa momwe mungapangire ndi kupopera mitengo.
Nthaka, pakuyamba kwa autumn, yokhala ndi feteleza phosphate, ndi feteleza, zomwe zimaphatikizapo potaziyamu. Manyowa a feteleza amagwiritsidwanso ntchito, ndi utuchi, kompositi, zitosi za mbalame kapena manyowa.
Kusamalira kwachisanu Pakuti Kharitonovskaya chitumbuwa akhoza kupatulidwa muzigawo zingapo:
• Kudulira kumayamba ndi kuchotsa nthambi zonse zouma, ndi zomwe zawonongeka ndi tizirombo. Kuti apange korona wa mtengo, m'pofunika kudula nthambi zomwe zimakula kwambiri. Ndiponsotu, ndi kosavuta kutenga zipatso pa mtengo wochepa kusiyana ndi pamwamba. Kuwonjezera pa nthambi, amachotsa makungwa owuma a mtengo.
• Kuwombera mkanda wa chitumbuwa. Asanayambe kuyera, nthambi zimadulidwa ndi mkuwa sulphate, kenako zimakhala zojambula. Kutsekemera koyera kumathandiza mtengo kuti muteteze thunthu la chitumbuwa kuchokera ku tizilombo. Chabwino, ndithudi, mitengo yokongola ya m'munda, mitengo yoyeretsedwa imawoneka okongola. Mitengo yamtengo wapatali yokhala ndi laimu.
• Kuyeretsa udzu wouma ndi masamba kumbali ya mtengo, komanso kukumba pansi, muyenera kusamala kuti musawononge mizu ya chitumbuwa, yomwe ili pafupi ndi pamwamba. Kukumba kumeneku kumathandiza kuti dziko lapansi lisasunthike, kuwonjezera kupeza mpweya wabwino. Amakumbanso nthaka mu kugwa.
• Kutulutsa feteleza kumakhudza zokolola za yamatcheri, zimapangitsa kuti mtengo ukhale wamphamvu ndipo zimathandiza kuti zikule mofulumira. Kupaka pamwamba kumachitika kangapo. Mwamsanga pamene chitumbuwa chimayamba pachimake, manyowa amayamba, omwe akusakanizidwa ndi phulusa, ndipo izi zimasakanizidwa ndi zidebe zisanu ndi chimodzi za madzi. Patadutsa milungu iwiri, ndondomekoyi imabwerezedwa. Olima munda amalangizidwa kupanga feteleza, kuphatikizapo nayitrogeni.
• Kutaya Kharitonovskaya tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Moniliosis ndi coccomycosis amaonedwa kuti ndi owopsa kwambiri tizirombo. Chifukwa chiwonongeko chawo chinayambika mitengo. Ndi bwino kupopera Bordeaux kusakaniza ndi azofos, chinthu chachikulu ndi kukhala ndi nthawi kutsitsi ya chitumbuwa pamaso yoyamba maluwa kuwoneka.
Kharitonovskaya chitumbuwa imathiridwa kangapo pachaka. Kumwa koyamba kumachitika pakati pa mwezi wa July. Nthawi yotsatira akamamwa mtengo wa zipatso pafupi mwezi umodzi. Nthawi yachitatu iyenera kukhala kuthirira mtengo kumayambiriro kwa nyundo, monga momwe mukufunikira kugwira musanayambe chisanu.
