Mphesa ya girlish ndi ya banja la mphesa.
Izi zowonjezereka shrub nthawi zambiri zimafanana ndi mtengo wa liana.
M'nyengo ya chilimwe, masamba a mphesa aang'ono amakhala obiriwira, ndipo mu kugwa, pafupi kusanayambika kwa chisanu, iwo amakhala ofiirira owala ndi zowala zobiriwira zomwe zimakula pa mapesi ofiira.
Koma sikuti aliyense akudziwa momwe angalalikire molondola.
Zipatso za mphesa zimakula mamita atatu pachaka. Kutalika kwa mpesa kungathe kufika mamita 30. Amatha kukwera, popanda mavuto, pamtunda uliwonse, kaya ndi thanthwe kapena nyumba.
Mphesa wamwaliyo amapereka masamba wandiweyani. Sakusowa chithandizo chowonjezera, monga chomeracho chimamangirizidwa ku khoma kuyamika kwa makapu ake omwe amawoneka bwino. Izi chisanu zosagwira shrub zimalola mosavuta chisanu mpaka madigiri -24.
Pali njira zingapo zomwe zimafalitsira mphesa za girlish, koma zosavuta ndi zosavuta ndi kubalana ndi cuttings. Pankhaniyi, mbande imayamba mizu nthawi zambiri.
Choyamba muyenera kukonzekera cuttings
Kwa kubzala kwadzukulu, cuttings imayamba kukolola ndikudulidwa masika kapena chilimwe kuchokera ku nthambi, zomwe masamba omwe amawoneka bwino. Komanso zipatso zimakololedwa kuchokera ku mphukira zomwe ziri zojambula mu mtundu womwewo, ziyenera kukhala zathanzi.
Olima munda amadziwa chinsinsi pang'ono, pamene akugwedezeka, zidutswa za cuttings ziyenera kusokoneza pang'ono. Mankhwala odulawo sali abwino. Dulani nthambi yomwe imatsukidwa kuchokera m'zipinda ndi ana opeza. Amadula 2 cm pansi pa tsamba.
Kutalika kwa cuttings cuttings ayenera kukhala 20-30 masentimita ndipo osachepera 4 kucha masamba.
Ndiye Nthambi zimayika mu kapu yamadzi pamaso pa mizu. Pakubwera kwa mizu ya mphesa akhoza kubzalidwa pamalo okonzeka.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za mankhwala ndi kupewa matenda a mpesa.
Kusankhidwa kwa cuttings kubzala
Cuttings kwa kubzala akhoza kukonzekera nokha, koma mukhoza kugula imodzi. Posankha mphesa, muyenera kusamala ndi kukhalapo kapena kusawonongeka kwa makina, sayenera kukhala.
Mukamasankha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mphesa, muyenera kumvetsera kuti ena mitundu ndi mtundu wa mtundu wa maluwa ayenera kubzalidwa kokha pafupi ndi mungu wowonjezeramwinamwake palibe chifukwa chodikirira zokolola. Mbande ziyenera kukhala bwino bwino.
Gulani mphesa zosakaniza bwino. Simungagule mphesa ndi mphukira zofooka ndi zokopa za padziko pa mizu.
Kukonzekera nthaka yobzala
Mphesa ya girlish, makamaka, imayesedwa kuti si mbeu yovuta kwambiri kunthaka. Ndipo ikhoza kumera pafupifupi kulikonse, kumbali zonse za mpanda, ngati kumpoto, kum'mwera, kum'maŵa, kapena kumadzulo. Zoona, kuchokera kumadzulo ndi kumpoto kwa mbali ya m'munda masamba amakula kukula kwake ndipo samasintha mtundu mpaka kuwala koyamba kuonekera.
Koma, malo abwino kwambiri oti amere mphesa ndi mbali ya dzuwa.
Kukula kwa mphesa kumafuna kukonzekera bwino kwa nthaka. Ndikofunikira kuyamba pasadakhale, kuti dziko lapansi likhale lophatikizidwa pang'ono ndi kukhuta ndi chinyontho. Dziko lapansi limakumba mpaka akuya masentimita 60-80, pamene mukufunikira sungani zigawo za nthaka, mwachitsanzo, wosanjikiza wapamwamba amasinthasintha ndizomwe zili m'munsi.
Pambuyo kukumba kwakukulu kumayamba kukumba maenje oyenda.
Mphesa yamaluwa imakula pamtundu uliwonse wa nthaka. Pa heavy chernozems ndi dongo dothi, zabwino breathability, wosweka njerwa ndi ziphuphu kugwa pansi pa dzenje, ndi chapamwamba wosanjikiza ndi wosakaniza ndi mtsinje mchenga. Mtundu uwu umalimbikitsidwa. manyowa ndi phosphorous.
Dothi la sandy ndi losauka mu humus, ndipo amapatsidwa zakudya zochepa, kuphatikizapo nayitrogeni. Zida zamtengo wapatali sizimathandiza, chifukwa dothi labwinoli limapuma bwino.
Nthaka yabwino kwambiri yobzala ndi kukula mphesa za mphesa ndi dothi la mchenga, zimapuma bwino, motero, zimapatsidwa mphamvu.
Nthaka ya Sandy ili ndi humus pang'ono, ndipo musanadzale amafunikira zina zowonjezera za feteleza: peat, kompositi kapena humus. Kuwonjezera pa zamoyo, amapanganso feteleza zamchere, kuphatikizapo superphosphate.
Pitani kukafika
Kulima mphesa kwa msungwana kumalimbikitsidwa mu kugwa, pamene kubzala kwa masika kumapangitsa mphesa kuwonjezera kukula kwa nyengo, kotero kuti, kenaka, imayamba kukula kwa zomera, koma zimakhala ndi nyengo yabwino yotentha.
Kubzala mu kugwa ndibwino chifukwa simukusowa kuyang'ana malo osunga mphesa. Zowona mphesa mphesa Ndibwino kuti mukhale mu September kapena October, kenako sichiyenera, chifukwa chomera sichitha.
Mphesa yamphesa siimabzalidwa pafupi ndi sewers, monga masamba akugwa m'nyengo yam'mbuyo amatha kutseka zonsezi. Ikhoza kubzalidwa pa khonde, mu nyengo youma, mphesa ziyenera kuthiriridwa. Komanso, izi zosiyanasiyana zimayenera kutetezedwa ku chisanu.
Mitengo yamphesa yayitali kwambiri ingabzalidwe mosavuta, koma kuyala kwakukulu kuyenera kusungidwa.
Mphesa zamphesa sizinabzalidwe pamakoma a pulasitiki, monga pulasitiki ikhoza kugwa pansi pa kulemera kwa chomera. Malo abwino kwambiri okwera pansi adzakhala makoma a zomangamanga ndi njerwa, mipanda yamatabwa, magalasi, mapepala, gazebos. Pansi pa masamba matabwa a matabwa sangathe kuvunda.
Chisamaliro chiyenera kutengedwa kuti mpesa sumala pamwamba pa denga lamatabwa kapena matabwa. Chifukwa, denga lophimba pansi palemera kwake lingathe kudutsa.
Mphesa yamphesa yabwino imabzala kudera lamdima, chifukwa iye amakonda kuwala kochuluka, koma nthawi yomweyo, komanso mthunzi wolekerera, ukhoza kukula mthunzi. Zojambula ndi mphepo yozizira sizili zoyenera.
Mphesa yabwino kubzalidwa pa dothi lolima. Mukamabzala sikofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira iliyonse kapena njira zamakono za agrotechnical. Koma, dziko lapansi likukumba, ndipo masabata pang'ono musanabzala muyenera kukonzekera dzenje.
Miyezo yofanana ya dzenje lakutsetsereka ndi 50 cm m'lifupi ndi mozama, koma muyenera kumvetsetsa kukula kwa mizu.
Mitsuko imapangidwa pansi pa dzenje, yosweka njerwa, mchenga, mwala wophwanyika wagona. Mchenga umakhala pafupifupi 20 cm.
Chomera chobzalidwa m'dzenje chomwe chinakonzedwa motere kwa zaka ziwiri zoyambirira sizikusowa chakudya.
Kenaka nthaka yosakaniza, yomwe ili ndi masamba, nthaka ndi mchenga, imathiridwa mmenemo, ndipo dzenje lonse limatsanulira pamwamba. Msosi wa mphesa uyenera kukhala pansi.
Kuti mudziwe kwenikweni za kubzala mphesa gwiritsani ntchito ndodo yachizolowezi, yomwe muyenera kupanga chizindikiro cha masentimita 40, ndi kutsikira kudzenje. Mphesa amabzalidwa pa kamtengo kakang'ono kamene kanapangidwa pasadakhale.
Koma, muyenera kuganizira kamphindi kakang'ono. Pa mbande za mphesa zamphesazo zili kumanzere ndi kumanja, ziyenera kubzalidwa pansi kuti masambawo ayende pamtunda womwewo. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa kuti pakapita nthawi zikhale zovuta kumangiriza.
Anabzala zidutswa za mphesa zagwedezeka ndipo kuthirira ndi ndowa 4 za madzi. Pambuyo pake, kuti pakhale njira yofulumira yothana ndi nthaka, madzi okwanira ambiri amafunika, ndipo chomeracho chidzavomerezedwa mwamsanga.
Kulima mphesa, kuteteza mizu ku kuzizira, amaluwa ambiri amalimbikitsa kuti azidzala mozama kwambiri kuposa 50 masentimita, komanso pa dothi la mchenga - masentimita 60. Zoonadi, ambirimbiri a mizu ali pamtunda wa 40 onani
Nthaka imakhala yochuluka kwambiri pamwamba pake, imamera bwino, ndipo mizu ya mphesa imakula bwino kuno. Kusamba madzi kumatenga madzi pang'ono, pamene fetereza imachepetsa kuchuluka kwa feteleza mchere.
Zokongoletsa mphesa Zingabzalidwe osati mozama, masentimita 40 okha.
Mphesa zimabzalidwa patalika masentimita 30 kuchokera mzere wa mzerewu, kotero kuti chithandizocho sichimasokoneza malo ake okhala. Mapulogalamu opangira mapulogalamu. Amapereka mpata wokonza malo osungira nkhuni osatha, mungapewe mipata. Manja aatali amagwada pansi mosavuta. Zipatso za mphesa zolimba zimabzalidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 50 kuchokera kwa mzake.
Kutuluka mutatha
Kusamalira mphesa zabwino kumakhala kosavuta. Ndizo kuthirira mobwerezabwereza chilala ndi kudula nsalu zosafunika. Koma kuti mphesa zikhale zobiriwira ndi kukhala okongola bwino, ziyenera kusamalidwa mosamala kwambiri ndipo zimafuna kuti pakhale kukula kwabwino.
M'chilimwe, namsongole amachotsedwa, omwe amawoneka nthawi ndi nthawi, kumasula pansi ndipo, ngati akuwonekera, amavula mizu nawo. Pristvolny nsanamira yamatabwa peat, kompositi kapena humus. Mulch m'dzinja nthawi yomwe adaikidwa m'manda.
Pa nthawi ya kugona, kumapeto kwa mphesa, mphesa ziyenera kuchotsedwa nsonga zachitsulo za nthambi, kuchotsa mphukira zouma, zowonongeka, komanso zomwe zimakula kunja kwa malire.
Zinyama za mphesa zosungidwa mutabzala zikakula pang'onopang'ono, chifukwa chomeracho chimatha mphamvu zonse pakupanga mizu. Kuyambira ali ndi zaka zitatu, mphesa zimakula pafupifupi mamita 3 nthawi imodzi. Mphukira imakhala ndi zing'onoting'ono, chifukwa chifukwa cha izo zimagwira pamtunda uliwonse.
Pambuyo pofika, zaka zoyambirira, apange mafupa a chitsamba cha mphesakotero kuti ziwonekere zimapeza mawonekedwe omwe timafunikira. Mitsuko ya maluwa imadula mphukira yaikulu pamtunda wa mamita. Ndipo amawombera kuti amakula kuchokera kumbali, amapatsidwa njira yolondola mwa kumangiriza mpaka lignification.
Pambuyo popanga mafupa a mphesa za mtsikanayo, chaka chilichonse amapanga zowonongeka, mwachitsanzo, mphukira zofooka ndi zoonongeka zimadulidwa. Chotsani mphukira zomwe zimalepheretsa kukula kwa korona.
Popeza mpesa umakula mofulumira, simungathe kudumphadula. Popanda kutero, mungathe kuzimitsa mphukira, ndikuwatsogolera ku chiwonetsero chachilengedwe chokha chingagwiritse ntchito katatu.
Mphesa yamphesa yamadzi bwino, kokha katatu kapena kanayi. Pa chitsamba chilichonse gwiritsani ntchito chidebe cha madzi (malita 10). M'nyengo yozizira imamwe madzi ambiri. Mu June, mphesa zimafuna, kuwonjezera pa kutsirira, pamwamba pa kuvala. Iwo amapanga nitroammofoska, ndipo mu nthawi ya kukula kwachangu - amapanga feteleza ovuta.
