Kukongoletsa malo a kumatawuni ndi maluwa okongola omwe amakhala ndi nthawi yaitali maluwa ndipo akhoza kumangirizidwa, chisankho chikhoza kuimitsidwa pa clematis. Momwe tingakulire clematis, ife tafotokoza pansipa.
Kusankha malo okhala
Maluwa a Clematis akubzala poyera amafunika kusankha malo abwino, chifukwa nthawi zina zimakhala zovuta kukwaniritsa maluwa okongola. Ndikofunika kutsatira malamulo awa:
- Clematis imayambira ndipo maluwa amasangalala kwambiri ndi dzuwa, kotero simukuyenera kuwabzala kumpoto kwa nyumbayo. Komabe, mizu yawo sikonda kutentha.
Pachifukwa ichi, tikulimbikitsanso kuti tibzala maluwa ena pafupi ndi Clematis, omwe angapereke mthunzi ku mizu yawo ndi kuteteza nthaka kutenthetsa kwambiri pamasiku otentha.
Clematis ndi duwa lopukuta limene mipesa imamatira ku zinthu zomwe zingakhale zabwino kwa iwo panthawi ya kukula. Ngati chomeracho chibzalidwa pamalo otseguka, chikuwombedwa ndi mphepo, sichidzatha kugwira nawo chithandizo. Mphepo yowopsa ya maluwa yomwe imatha kuwuluka pang'onopang'ono.
Clematis mu malo osamalidwa ndi chisamaliro ndi kofunika kuti muteteze ku madzi, popeza kuti mizu yake yambiri imayamba kuvunda. Pachifukwa ichi, yesetsani kusunga madzi kuchokera ku chitoliro chokhazikika pa mizu yake, ndipo pangani duwa pafupifupi 50 cm kuchokera pamakoma a nyumbayo. Ngati webusaiti yanu ili pamtunda kwambiri, ndi kofunika kukumba mipando pafupi ndi bedi la maluwa ndi clematis yomwe chinyezi chidzatha.
Kudyetsa Clematis: nthawi komanso momwe mungamerekere duwa
Pali njira zingapo zopangira makina. Ngati kuli kofunikira kufalitsa mbande za maluwa ndi mizu yotsekedwa, ndiye kuti kubzala kwachitsulo kungatheke nthawi zonse m'chilimwe, komanso mu nthawi yachisanu, komanso m'dzinja. Ngati mutagula sapling, koma ozizira panja chifukwa chodzala mutseguka, chomeracho chikhoza kuikidwa pawindo pa nyumba kapena mu wowonjezera kutentha kumene kumakula.
Ndikofunikira!Mu autumn, clematis ndi mizu yotsekedwa ziyenera kubzalidwa kumapeto kwa mwezi wa October (ngati mwezi uli wozizira, ndiye pachiyambi). Izi zidzalola kuti mbeuyo ikhale yogwirizana kwambiri ndi zinthu zatsopano ndipo zimakhala zosavuta kusintha nthawi yozizira. Kuti muteteze ku chisanu, mbande ziyenera kuphimba ndi masamba omwe agwa kapena zina.
Koma ngati n'zotheka kudzala chumatisti ndi mizu yotseguka, ndiye kuti chomeracho chidzakhala chokonzekera kuyambira April mpaka May (ndibwino kuti musachedwe kumapeto kwa mweziwu). Ngati masamba a zomerawo atha kutuka - maluwawo sungathe kukhazikika atatha kuika. Ngakhale ngati chomeracho chizoloŵera, ndiye kuti moyo wake umatha kusintha, ndipo nthawi yachisanu mtengo wa mpesa sungakhale wamphamvu kuti upulumutse chisanu.Mutaganizira pa malo otsetsereka, mutha kukhazikitsa chithandizo chophimba liana, makamaka ngati mukugwira ntchito kumapeto kapena chilimwe. Pambuyo pake, muyenera kukonza dzenje la maluwa.
Ndikofunikira!Kumalo amodzi, masamu akhoza kukula kwa zaka pafupifupi 25, choncho ngakhale mutabzala ndibwino kusamalira feteleza okwanira pa flowerbed.
- Dulani dzenje kuti mubzala lalikulu - 60x60x60 masentimita. Ngati mutabzala zomera zingapo - zidzakhala zosavuta kukonzekera ngalande.
- Pofuna kukhetsa pansi pa dzenje, musakhale ndi masentimita 15 a miyala, dothi lochepetsedwa kapena njerwa zosweka.
- Samalani kukonzekera kwa nthaka, yomwe imafunika kugona mu dzenje. Clematis bwino imayambitsa mizu mu nthaka ndi mpweya wofewa, kotero muphatikize muyeso yofanana pansi kuchokera ku dzenje lakumba, mchenga, manyowa ndi peat. Kuwonjezera apo, kutsanulira pafupifupi lita imodzi ya nkhuni phulusa ndi 100 g ya zovuta fetereza kwa munda maluwa mu dzenje.
Kukula kwa kudula kumatithandiza kudziwa momwe mungayikidwire mu nthaka. Ngati kudula ndi kwakukulu kwambiri ndipo kwakula kwambiri, ndiye kuti iyenera kuchepetsedwa ndi 12-20 masentimita, pamene ang'onoang'ono cuttings ayenera kuchepetsedwa ndi 6-12 masentimita.
Izi zidzathandiza kukula kwa mizu yamphamvu ndi tsinde, komanso kuteteza mizu kuchokera kuzizira m'nyengo yozizira. Mukamabzala zomera mzere pakati pa tchire ndi kuchoka pa danga la mamita 1-1.5.
Kodi mungasamalire bwanji machulukiti?
Powasamalira, nthawi ya chomera imathandiza kwambiri. Kusamalira maluwa aang'ono, m'pofunika kuthetsa pafupifupi masamba ake onse. Izi zatsimikiziridwa kuti zamoyo zonse za zomera zimapita kuti zisapunde, koma kuti zikhazikitse mizu ndi tsinde. Komanso pa chomera chochepa, nkofunika kutsitsa mphukira zonse, zomwe zingathandize kupanga mapangidwe ambiri. Musaiwale kuti kumangiriza mipesa yonse kuti mudye msangamsanga inali yokongola kwambiri.
Kodi mungatani kuti musamafe?
Clematis sakonda kuchuluka kwa chinyezi, choncho ayenera kuthirira madzi moyenera. Zomera zazing'ono - kamodzi pa sabata, koma nyengo ikakhala youma, kuthirira ndi kofunika kamodzi pa masiku asanu ndi awiri. Mitengo ya anthu akuluakulu imayenera kumwa madzi osachepera nthawi imodzi mu masiku khumi.
Ngati mukukayikira ngati mungamwetse maluwa, onetsetsani kuti chinyezi cha nthaka chikuwoneka. Pakuuma, ngakhale pamtunda wa masentimita 30, pakufunika kuthamanga mwamsanga. Pothirira madzi, ndikofunika kuonetsetsa kuti chinyezi chimalowa mwachindunji ku mizu ya mbewu, yomwe ili ndi zaka 5 ikhoza kupita ku kuya kwa mita imodzi. Kuti tichite izi, tikulimbikitsidwa kukumba miphika 4 ya maluwa kuchokera kumbali zinayi za clematis momwe ziyenera kukhalira madzi. Patapita nthawi, idzamira kumizu.
Kutsegula ndi kukulumikiza nthaka
Kuwonjezera pa chinyezi, clematis imakhalanso ndi mpweya wambiri, womwe ndi kofunika kumasula nthawi zonse nthaka. Chitani izi ndi kuthirira madzi ndi mvula itatha. Koma kumasula nthaka pafupi ndi maluwa aang'ono ayenera kuchitidwa mosamalitsa, kukweza pamwamba pa 2 cm.
Zimasonyezedwa bwino kwambiri pa kukula kwa clematis mulching, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mmalo mwa kuthirira ndi kumasula nthaka. Monga nsonga za maluwa awa, ndibwino kuti tigwiritse ntchito manyowa omwe angaphimbidwe pamwamba ndi wosanjikiza wa peat. Ndikofunika kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito mulch m'nyengo yozizira, ndiye ikhozanso kuteteza mizu ku kuzizira.
Mukudziwa? Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mitundu ya clematis. Pakati pao mungapeze tchire ndi maluwa okongola, mabelu, miyendo komanso tulips. Koma chofala kwambiri ndi maluwa a nyenyezi.
Clematis fetereza
Nthaŵi zonse feteleza ya clematis imayenera, makamaka nthawi ya maluwa. Zowonjezereka maluwa a chomera, nthawi zambiri zidzakhala zofunikira kuwonjezerapo feteleza wowonjezera pansi - pafupi kamodzi pa miyezi iwiri. Ngati maluwawo ndi ochepa - zidzakhala zokwanira ndipo 2 - 3 kuvekedwa pa nyengo. Malingana ndi msinkhu ndi kukula kwa chitsamba, zidzasowa 10 malita a mchere wothetsera.
Kuperewera kwa zinthu zambiri m'nthaka kungadziwike ndi boma la clematis:
- pamene mphukira za mchengazo zifupika, ndipo masambawo ndi ochepa, amasanduka wachikasu kapena wofiira, maluwawo amakhala osaya ndipo amatha kutaya kuwala - chomera chimakhala ndi kusowa kwa nayitrogeni. Pochita zimenezi, mvula imayamba kumera. Chomera cha nayitrogeni chingapezeke kuchokera ku feteleza slurry (kuchepetsedwa ndi madzi 1:10), zitosi za mbalame (1:15), nitroammofoskoy (20 g pa 10 l), kusinthasintha nthawi zonse izi;
- Masamba ofiira omwe ali ndi chigoba chosonyeza kuti alibe phosphorous, yomwe imathandizanso kuti mizu ikhale yovuta; Ndibwino kuti phosphorous akukonzekeretsa nthaka, kubzala fupa (osapitirira 200 g pa 1 sq. m); Pa kukula kwa mbeu, mwezi wa September mungagwiritse ntchito phosphorous ngati mawonekedwe a superphosphate fertilizer (20 g pa 10 l madzi);
- pamene peduncles ndi masamba amatembenuka wakuda, ndiye kuti mwina malo omwe mchere umabzalidwa ndi kusowa kwa potaziyamu. Pofuna kupewa izi, idyani maluwa ndi potaziyamu nitrate masika onse ndi mwezi wa August ndi potaziyamu sulphate, pambali iliyonse kupanga yankho la 20-30 g wa mankhwala pa 10 malita a madzi.
Malamulo odyetsera zomera
Kusamalira chomera ndikofunika kwambiri kudyetsa nthawi yake. Ndiponsotu, kuchuluka kwa mchere m'nthaka kungawononge maluwawo. Choncho, Kupeza mipesa yaitali ndi maluwa okongola kutsatira malamulo awa:
- Popeza mudapanga feteleza ambiri mukadzala duwa, chakudya chotsatira chikhoza kuchitika zaka 2-3.
- Nthawi zonse alternate mchere feteleza ndi organic. Zomalizazi zikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ku nthaka kokha m'madera omwe amatsitsidwa ndi madzi.
- Chakudya cha Foliar sichingakhale chosasangalatsa. Gwiritsani ntchito urea (3 g pa lita imodzi ya madzi). M'nyengo yotentha, perekani masamba ndi njira yothetsera potaziyamu permanganate (boric acid ingaperekedwe). 10-15 malita okwanira madontho awiri a mankhwalawa.
- M'nyengo yozizira, tchire timamera ndi nkhuni phulusa.
Zomwe zimapangidwira clematis
Clematis amafunika kudulira nthawi zonse kuti akweze kukula kwa zomera ndi kuwoneka kwa chiwerengero cha maluwa pamipesa yake. Kuwonjezera pa kufupikitsa mphukira kumayambiriro kwa chitukuko, opaleshoniyi iyenera kuchitika chaka ndi chaka, koma kuganizira zosiyanasiyana zosiyanasiyana.
Maluwa pa mphukira zonse zakale komanso chaka chomwecho
Kudulira mitengo yotere kumachitika kawiri pachaka. Nthawi yoyamba imafunika pakati pa chilimwe, pamene chaka chatha chikuwombera, ndipo yachiwiri - isanamwali, pamene mphukira zatsopano zimatha. Patsiku lakuda kwambiri, mphukira za chaka chatha zikhoza kudula pansi.
Maluwa pa mphukira za chaka chomwecho
Ndondomekoyi imayambika musanaphimbe chitsamba m'nyengo yozizira, ndipo mphukira zonse zikhoza kudulidwa pansi.
Maluwa pa mphukira chaka chatha
Mitundu ina imatha kukula popanda kudula. Mukhoza kuchotsa mphukira, yomwe pambuyo pake maluwa amapangidwa. Ngati chitsamba chili ndi mphukira zochepa, zikhoza kufupikitsidwa kuti chaka chamawa chikhale cholimba.
Kodi mungaphimbe bwanji clematis m'nyengo yozizira?
Kawirikawiri, clematis safuna chivundikiro cholimba, komabe simungathe kuchita popanda icho. Monga malo ogona, mungagwiritsire ntchito mulch, komanso kutsanulira masamba otsala pa tchire.
Zitsamba, maluwa pa mphukira za chaka chatha, zimafuna malo okhala mosamala kwambiri. Kwa iwo, mungagwiritse ntchito nthambi zowonjezera. Koma mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya clematis yomwe imafalikira pa mphukira zowonongeka, ndikofunika kudula pamtunda wa masentimita 10, ndipo pamtunda womwewo ukhoza kugona ndi mchenga, komanso kuphatikiza ndi masentimita 20 a peat kapena utuchi. Mukhoza kujambula filimu pamwamba pa chitsamba, koma kasupe kamayenera kuchotsedwa nthawi kuti mbeu isadutse.
Momwe mungachulukire clematis
Njira zotsatilazi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito:
- Cuttings. Pangani izo kumapeto kwa May - kumayambiriro kwa June. Cuttings amakololedwa kuchokera pakati pa mphukira, ndikofunika kuti ikhale ndi internode ndipo awiri amapangidwa masamba. Kutalika kwa gawo lochepa la kudula liyenera kukhala 4 masentimita, chapamwamba - 2 masentimita. Mitengo yotereyi imachokera bwino ngakhale pansi poyera, chinthu chachikulu ndikuti kutentha sikukhala poyerekeza ndi + 25 ° С. Muzovuta kwambiri, iwo akhoza kukhazikika mu makapu.
- Kugwiritsidwa ntchito. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani kuthawa kutchire komwe kuli pansi pa chirichonse, ndikudzaza ndi dziko kumayambiriro kwa chilimwe. Kale ndi September chitsamba chatsopano chidzawoneka kuchokera kwa internode. Pofuna kudzala chomera, zidzakhala zofunikira kudula mphukira ndi fosholo ndi kukumba zitsamba zomwe zinamera.
- Kusiyana kwa chitsamba. Mukhoza kugawaniza basi akulu akulu omwe afika zaka 6-7. Kuti muchite izi, chitsamba chiyenera kukumba ndi kudula mzidutswa pogwiritsa ntchito secator. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa mwatcheru kuti zisawononge mizu.
- Gwiritsani ntchito mbewu. Njira yoberekerayi ndi yabwino kwa mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya clematis. Miyezi iwiri isanayambe kufesa (ziyenera kuperekedwa kumapeto kwa April) mbewu ziyenera kutsanulidwa ndi madzi kwa masiku angapo, kenako zimadzazidwa ndi mchenga ndi firiji. Mukhoza kufesa maluwa pomwepo.
