Mphesa wamphesa amadziwika kwa nthawi yaitali, mwinamwake ndi zotsatira za kusintha kwa chirengedwe, mothandizidwa ndi chubukov (kubereka mbeu).
Pambuyo pake mphesa iyi inasankhidwa, zomwe zinayambitsa kulengedwa kwa mitundu yambiri ndi mbewu zosagwedezeka.
Ogulitsa ndi otchuka mitundu ya zoumba zomwe shuga sizingachepera 20%.
Kuwonjezera pamenepo, n'kofunika kuzindikira, kachilendo kena ka mphesa za mitundu yopanda mbewu, mitundu yonseyi ndi yabwino kwambiri yopanga mungu. Choncho, ngati mukufuna kukhala wolemera, zipatso zampesa - chomera sushi. Iye sadzalephera.
Kalasi "Kishmish Radiant"
Zedi, ndi khalidwe lapamwamba ndi zosiyana-siyana. Akuwombera mphamvu ndi sredneroslye. Masamba ndi osakanikirana, kukula kwake, mtima wautali, tsamba la masamba ndi lobiriwira.
Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu kapena zosaphatikizana, shuga amakhala pakati pa 17 ndi 21%, ndi acidity kuyambira 6 mpaka 7g / l. Kukula kwake kumachokera ku 22x17mm kufika 25x22mm, kulemera kwa 2.5 mpaka 4 g. Magulu akhoza kukhala masentimita 40 m'litali.
Mitunduyi imakhala ndi zofunika zina zothandizira, kuteteza matenda (imvi zowola, oidium) pamlingo wa mfundo zitatu kapena zinayi. Mphesa zabwino imalola kulephera ndi kusungirako.
Kupereka - mphesa masango aakulu kwambiri, lalikulu, kulemera kwa gulu limodzi kungathe kufika pa kilogalamu, mawonekedwe ake ndi ofanana. Mitengoyi imakhala yambiri, yayikulu, mtundu wawo ndi wofiira pinki, fungo ndi muscat, mnofu ndi wandiweyani. Kugwirizana kosagwirizana ndi pang'ono zakudya za nutmeg.
Nthawi yakucha - masiku 125-130, oyambirira
Maluso - oyambirira kusasitsa, kuchuluka kwa zipatso, transportability.
Kulephera, mozizwitsa, ndi ofanana ndi ulemu - kukolola kwakukulu. Masango akuluakulu amadzaza kwambiri tchire, chifukwa nthawi zambiri nthambi zimatha.
Kalasi iyi osati chisanu chopinga.
Mitunduyi imakonda malo, omwe amafesedwa ndi oyendetsa vinyo pamtunda wa 2-2.5 m mzere, ndi 3m mu kanjira. Kubzala mungu kumapangidwira pakati pa mitundu ya "akazi" nthawi yomweyo.
The chitsamba amapangidwa pa maziko a 7-8 mphukira pa mita, nthawizina mpaka 8-10 mphukira. Pakati pa manja apansi pali malo okwanira mita imodzi. Ambiri kudulira mitengo m'maso 8-12. Pa kutuluka kwa 20-25 mphukira za 4-6 masentimita mamita. mamita Kwa tchire tating'ono, katundu wathunthu, ndithudi, ndi ochepa - 8-12 mphukira.
Zosiyanasiyana zimakonda kupanga ndi matabwa ambiri. Musamalimbikitse kuti musiye maso oposa 30-35 a katundu wathunthu. Pofuna kudulira, muyenera kuyang'ana mwapadera; malaya atsopano - trim yochepa, kwa 2-3; malaya akale - utali wautali, mabowo 10-14.
Pa kutuluka timakhala ndi zotsatira za 2-4 miyezo ya mipesa yaitali kapena kuposa. Pansi pa mpesa umaphatikizapo mapangidwe a manja, ndi maso otsala asanu ndi asanu ndi awiri - fruiting. Kudulira ndi kofunika kuti agwiritse ntchito maburashi okwanira masentimita awiri kuti apulumuke.
Kuda nkhawa kwambiri pamphesa kumayambitsa njala ya potassium, kukupera zipatso, kuchepetsa shuga, kukhuta, ndi madzi. Kuonjezera apo, kulemetsa kumawonjezera nthawi ya mphesa.
Mukhoza kubzala mphesa kumapeto kwa nyengo. Kumapeto kwa nyengo, pafupifupi (malinga ndi microclimate pansi) kuyambira sabata lachitatu la mwezi wa April mpaka sabata lachitatu la mwezi wa Meyi, mbande zapachaka zimabzalidwa, ndipo kenako, mpaka kumapeto kwa June, zomera zamasamba zobiriwira zimabzalidwa.
Kudyetsa kwanyundo kumayamba mu Oktoba ndipo kumapitirira mpaka chisanu. Zimasiyana ndi kasupe, kokha kutetezedwa mosamala kwa sapling, chifukwa nyengo yachisanu ikupita. Pamapeto pake, nyembazo zimayambidwa ndi botolo la pulasitiki, lomwe lili ndi mabowo atatu. Nthaka imathiriridwa ndi zidebe zitatu kapena zinayi zamadzi.
Asanafike, chisamaliro chimaphimbidwa ndi utuchi, peat, singano za pinini, zophimbidwa ndi dzenje. Mwina kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lachilendo. Pankhaniyi, dzenje ladzaza ndipo phiri laling'ono la 30 cm likuponyedwa pamwamba.
Pamene mukusamalira izi zosiyanasiyana, muyenera kukumbukira za ngozi yowonjezera tchire. Choncho, ndikofunika perekani nthambi zothandizira zinandi kukonza chiwerengero cha mphukira.
Ndikofunika kuthirira munda wamphesa nthawi ndi nthawi. Kuchuluka kwa madzi okwanira kumafunika mtundu wa nthaka. Kotero, kwa chernozem ndi mabotolo 5-6, nthaka ya mchenga - mpaka 9 zidebe.
Masabata awiri tisanakolole, timasiya kuthirira. Nthaka yozungulira landings ndi pakati pa mizera iyenera kuthirizidwa pang'onopang'ono, zomwe zingathandize kuti chinyezi chiwonjezere. Kishimishi imayankha bwino kuyamwa ulimi wothirira.
Pofuna kuwonjezera zobiriwira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe zimabereka feteleza ndi nitrogen yokonzekera. Pambuyo pake, malinga ndi malangizo ogwiritsidwa ntchito plantfol. Malingana ndi nyengo, ntchito imagwiritsa ntchito potassium monophosphate, sulphate, magnesium sulphate. Yambani kudyetsa musanayambe maluwa, mu yotchedwa gawo la masamba atatu. Zidzakhala zabwino panthawi yomweyo matenda opatsirana.
Musapitirire mphesa - izi zingachititse kuchedwa kwa maonekedwe a mtundu, osati mapangidwe okwanira a ovary.
Ayenera kunena mawu ochepa ponena za chitetezo cha mphesa kuchokera ku frostbite: mphukira zing'onozing'ono ziyenera kuphimbidwa, zomwe zikuluzikulu ziyenera kusungidwa ndi tsaya, udzu uyenera kutetezedwa ndi "nyumba". Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa tyrsa kwa kutsekemera sikuli koyenera, chifukwa kumachepetsa mofulumira, komanso kuwonjezera nthaka.
Pofuna kupewa mavuto omwe angakhale nawo ndi sashmishi ayenera nthawi zonse chotsani mipesa yofooka, izo zimakhudza kwambiri kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola.
"Kishmish №342 (Chihungari)"
Zosiyanasiyana za ku Hungary zomwe zakhala zikudziwika pakati pathu. Tchire lamitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yamphamvu, zipatsozo ndi zazikulu komanso zazikulu kukula. Shuga 19-21%, acidity mu 6-8 g / l.
Kukula kwake ndi 15x17mm, mwinamwake kwambiri. Kulemera kwa 2 mpaka 3.5 g. Mtundu wobiriwira-golidi, mawonekedwe - ovoid. Magulu - apakati kapena aakulu, kuchokera 300 mpaka 500g.
Ngakhale kuti zosiyana ndi zoyambirira, kukoma kwake sikungakhale kosiyana. Nyama ndi yowutsa mudyo, minofu, ndi mavitamini ovuta kwambiri. Popeza atakula, imatha kukhala pa tchire kwa nthawi yaitali (mpaka miyezi iwiri).
Kupanga - kukwera
Nthawi ya kucha ndi masiku 110-115, oyambirira.
Maluso - kuwonjezeka kukana matenda a fungal, wabwino chisanu kukana (mpaka -24-26 ° C), chifukwa cha nthawi yoyamba yakucha, amatha kukhala wamkulu m'madera omwe si achikhalidwe chokula mphesa, chifukwa cha khungu lake lofewa, mosavuta kulowetsedwa ndi ana, transportable.
Kuipa - mosavuta kutayika katundu wake pokhapokha atapititsa ku tchire, imatha kukhala, monga ziboliboli, mbewu, timango ting'onoting'ono.
Kudzalidwa kwa mphesa kumapangidwa, palibe zofunikira zapadera.
Kufika masiku, nawonso, popanda kusiyana kwakukulu.
Modzichepetsa, sapereka zofuna zina zowonjezera. Monga mphesa zambiri zimafuna malo okhala m'nyengo yozizira//agronomu.com/cpost/rastenievodstvo/vinogradorstvo/posadka-i-uhod/ukryvaem-vinograd-na-zimu-pravilno.
Ndizosangalatsa kuwerenga za mphesa zabwino za mphesa zakuda.
Mphesa zosiyanasiyana "Rusbol Wapamwamba"
Muzofalitsa zamtundu wina amatha kupeza dzina lotereli monga 13-3-6-2 Elf. Fomu yokhazikika ndi obereketsa ku Russia. Kuyenda kovuta, mitundu yoyamba І-15-3-1 (Villars Blanc x Kusangalala) ndi Rusbol.
Tsamba ndi lalikulu, maluwa ndi abambo, masango ndi aakulu, nthawi zina ngakhale makilogalamu 1.5,. Mitengo ya zipatso 2-2.5 g, kukula kwa 20x16mm, oval, yoyera, kupeza tani dzuwa. Khungu la khungu ndiloweta, thupi ndi lolimba, kukoma kumagwirizana. Shuga 20 mpaka 22%, acidity mu 5-6 g / l. Zipatso m'chaka chachiwiri.
Kupereka - mkulu
Nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 105-115, oyambirira kwambiri.
Maluso - kuwonjezeka kukana imvi yovunda ndi mildew, zabwino chisanu kukana (mpaka -25 ° C), chifukwa nyengo yakucha yakucha, imakula m'malo omwe kale sichidziwika ndi mphesa ndipo imatha kupirira kayendetsedwe ka kayendedwe kake.
Kuipa - Zomera zazikulu zimawononga tchire, zimafuna kuyanjana, zikhoza kukhala ndi zida.
Zofunikira za kukhazikika sizimapangitsa.
Masiku odzala mitengo.
Mitunduyi yambiriyi imayamikira kwambiri kugwiritsa ntchito phosphorous-potaziyamu feteleza. Kusamalira, kusamalitsa mosamala kumawonjezera kupanga mapangidwe pa masango kuposa 1.5 makilogalamu.
About zosiyanasiyana "Kukhulupirira pink Sidlis"
Mpesa uwu ndi mlendo kuchokera ku States. Masamba amphamvu, masamba a cylindro-conical mawonekedwe, kukula kwake, kukula kwa 100 mpaka 300 g. Zipatso zing'onozing'ono, 1.4 - 2 g, mtundu - pinki, kukoma kokoma, kakhala ndi fungo la labrusque. Mitengoyi imakhala yowutsa mudyo, yofewa, yamatope, ngati ipezeka, ndi yaing'ono kwambiri. Shuga mpaka 24%, acidity kuyambira 6 mpaka 7 g / l.
Kupanga - kukwera.
Nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 105-115, oyambirira kwambiri.
Maluso - kuwonjezereka kukana ndi mildew, kwambiri chisanu kukana (mpaka -27 ° C); iyo imapachikidwa pa tchire kwa nthawi yaitali, ngakhale pamene itapachikidwa iyo imakhalabe yogulitsa, chokoma ngati chipatso, chomwe chikufanizidwa ndi strawberries, strawberries, chinanazi, duchesse, barberry, zabwino transportability.
Kuipa - Kutentha kwambiri pa nthawi yakucha zipatso zimathamanga, zing'onozing'ono zipatso.
Monga chomera chilichonse chokonda kuwala, chiyenera kubzalidwa pamalo ophatikizidwa bwino. Zilibe zofunikira, zimakula bwino pamtunda uliwonse, kupatulapo humidified, ndi saline.
Nthawi zofika pamtunda.
Sifunikira malo okhala m'nyengo yozizira, modzichepetsa.
Kishmishi Jupiter - chozizwitsa cha ku America
Mphesa imeneyi ndi chifukwa cha kusankha kwa America. Mitengo ya masentimita aakulu, masango a masentimita 200 mpaka 500 g, mawonekedwe a cylindro-conical, osasunthika bwino, mwina pang'ono.
Zipatsozo ndi zazikulu, ngakhale zazikulu, kulemera kwake kumakhala kuchokera 4 mpaka 7g, mawonekedwe ake ndi ovundala, mtundu uli ndi pinki yodzaza, mwinamwake wofiira; Zipatso zonse zophika zimafika pamdima wobiriwira. Nyama ndi yowutsa, minofu.
Kukongola, kuwala kwa muscat kukoma. Tsamba losatha losakanikirana ndi kukomoka. Shuga 21%, acidity 5-7 g / l. Zipatso "Jupiter wa Kishmishi" m'chaka chachiwiri kapena chachitatu, mosagonjetsedwa ndi matenda a fungal
Kupereka ndipamwamba komanso mosasunthika
Nthawi yakucha ndi masiku 105-120, oyambirira kwambiri.
Maluso - kwambiri chisanu chotsutsa (mpaka -27 ° C), mavuvu sali kuonongeka. zipatso zimagonjetsedwa.
Kuipa - masango ang'onoang'ono.
Njira yachikhalidwe yobweretsera.
Nthawi zofika pamtunda.
Sifunikira malo osungirako nyengo yozizirawodzichepetsa. Koma, ngati simukukhala kumwera, sikupweteketsa kubisa mipesa m'nyengo yachisanu kuti mukolole. Ndikokwanira ngati, mutatha kudulira, mutachotsa mphesa kuchokera pamtunda, ponyani pansi, ndi kuphimba ndi agrofabric (imodzi yosanjikiza yokwanira).
