Chilengedwe chonse cha obereketsa - "Zarechnaya oyambirira" maula

Kuti tidziŵe zenizeni za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya plums yomwe ilipo tsopano ndi yosatheka. Zimadziwika kuti maulawo sanali mtengo wamtchire.

Izo zinkawoneka ngati zotsatira za kusakanizidwa kwachilengedwe kwa maluwa a chitumbuwa ndi minga ku Caucasus. Kuchokera apo, wakhala akugawanika kulikonse.

Mitundu yambiri imabzalidwa ndi abambo ozindikira. Chimodzi mwa zolengedwa zawo ndi "Zarechnaya oyambirira" maula.

Mbiri yobereka

Yonse-Russian Institute Institute of Genetics ndi Kubereka Zipatso Zomera. I.V. Michurin anapanga woyambitsa izi zosiyanasiyana. Wolemba G. A. Kursakov adagwira ntchito pachilengedwe chake. Gululo linapambana mayesero onse ndipo linalowetsedwa mu rejista ya boma mu 1988. Zomwe zidapitilira kudera lonse la Central Black Earth.

Fotokozani mitundu Zarechnaya oyambirira

Mtengo wodula. Korona siinakula kwambiri, ndi masamba ofooka, mu mawonekedwe ofanana ndi mpira.

Pa korona, imvi zitsulo zazing'ono zing'onozing'ono zimadziwika kwambiri. Masamu apakati, kugwedeza pang'ono pamapeto, kufooka kwa mphukira mpaka mphukira.

Kukula kwamasamba kuli pamwamba payesoNdikumapeto kwa matte, wobiriwira kwambiri.

Chophimba chophimba chophimba mu mawonekedwe okhala ndi nsonga yachitsulo, pafupifupi yopanda kanthu. Pamwamba pa pepala ndi nsalu, yosalala.

Matendawa ndi ofiira, ochepa kwambiri, 1-2 pa tsamba phesi. Tsinde losungira, wandiweyani, wautali wautali, nthawi zambiri ali ndi pigmentation. Mbalame maluwa ndi yoyera, sing'anga, yothandizana.

Mitengoyi ndi yayifupi kwambiri kuposa pistil. Pamene maluwa akuphuka pang'onopang'ono, ndizobiriwira. Maluwa a maluwa ndi ovekedwa, obiriwira.

Chithunzi

Kuwonekera ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya "Zarechnaya oyambirira" ingapezeke mu chithunzi pansipa:

Mbali za chipatso

Mbali yosiyana ya zosiyanasiyana ndi zipatso zamdima zofiirirazomwe zili ndi zokutira. Kukula kwa maula aakulu, kuyambira 40 g mpaka 50 g. Maonekedwe a maulawo ndi ozungulira kapena ozungulira. Mfundo zowonongeka ndi mimba za m'mimba zimapezeka kwambiri pamwamba pa mwanayo.

Mitundu ina ya plums ndi zipatso zazikulu ndi Firefly, Chihungary Korneevskaya, Renklod Soviet, Kuyambira, Bolkhovchanka.

Zipatso zili ndi kukoma kokoma ndi pang'ono zowawa. Pulp ndi wandiweyani, zachikasu mtundu. Malingana ndi momwe zimapangidwira, zimakhala zokoma komanso zowonongeka, zomwe zinayikidwa pa kulawa kwa mfundo 4.5. Zosiyanasiyana zimatanthauza tebulo-luso.

Mitundu ikupanga:

• Nkhani yowuma - 16.83%;
• Shuga - 7.84%;
• Acid - 1.57%;
• Ascorbic acid - 3.5 mg / 100g;
• P-yogwira zinthu - 200 mg / 100g.

Zizindikiro

Zokolola za zosiyanasiyanazi ndi zabwino kwambiri.. Mtengo mutabzala umayamba kubereka zipatso kwa zaka 3-4. Kuwoneka kwa chipatso kumayambira kumayambiriro, kumapeto kwa July. Ndi chaka chilichonse chotsatira pali kuwonjezeka kwa zokolola.

Kutentha kwa chisanu monga nkhuni ndi impso. Modzichepetsa kwambiri, nthaka imalekerera aliyense. Dothi lolemera kwambiri lokha lingawononge pang'ono mizu, zomwe zidzakhudza zokolola.

Kulekanitsa kwa fupa ku zamkati ndi zabwino kwambirizomwe zimakulolani kugwiritsa ntchito chipatso mukuphika ndi kumalongeza.

THANDIZANI! Zipatso zili ndi transportability yabwino komanso kusunga khalidwe, koma izi zimayenera kuchotsedwa ku nthambi masiku asanu ndi limodzi kutsogolo.

Tikufika

Ndi kudzichepetsa konse kwa mtengo wamtengo wapatali, sapling ayenera kubzalidwa kudera limene mitundu yosiyanasiyana yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito. Izi zidzatsimikizira zotsatira zabwino m'tsogolomu.

Plum amakonda dzuwa ndi danga. Ngakhalenso ndi mthunzi pang'ono wa zipatso zake zosaya, ndipo masamba amasanduka chikasu. Choncho, malo amtunda ayenera kusankhidwa malinga ndi zofunikirazi.

Chikhalidwe ichi komanso sangathe kuyima mphepo. Mphepo yamkuntho ikuluikulu ikhoza kuphulika maluwa, ndipo potero amalephera theka la mbewu.

Malo abwino oti ikamatere ili pafupi ndi khoma la nyumba kapena mpanda. Siyeneranso kulima mapulaneti m'madera otsika, pofuna kupewa kupezeka kwa mpweya wozizira.

Malo abwino kwambiri okukula amalingaliridwa Mchenga ndi phokoso la porous loamy. Madzi a pansi pano sayenera kukhala osachepera 2 mamita kuchokera pansi. Popanda kutero, mungathe kupanga tizilombo tochepa kuti tipewe madzi owonjezera.

THANDIZANI! Ngati mchenga kapena dothi laikidwa m'munsi mwa nthaka, ndiye kuti musabzalidwe pa nthaka.

Popeza "Zarechnaya Kumayambiriro" ndi mtengo wokwera-kukula, mtunda wa pakati pa nyumba kapena mitengo yoyandikana nawo uyenera kukhala mamita 4.

Poganizira kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana imaperekedwa ku dera lakuda la dothi, Zonsezi zimagwera nthawi yabwino yobzala.. Pitani kukadzala mtengo ayenera kukonzekera pasanathe milungu itatu. Izi zimachitika kuti apange feteleza zamchere zokhala ndi nthawi yothetsera.

Kutsika kwa dzenje 60 masentimita, kukula kwake kuli chimodzimodzi. Musanabzala mtengo pakati pa dzenje, m'pofunika kuyendetsa galimoto, pamtunda wapatali kuchokera pa mmera wa masentimita 15.

Main malamulo oyendetsa:

• dzenje liri ndi nthaka yokha, popanda feteleza yowonjezera;
• Msuzi wa mizu ayenera kukhala osachepera 2-5 masentimita pamwamba pa nthaka;
• mutabzala kakang'ono ngalande amapangidwa kuzungulira mtengo kuti imwe madzi okwanira.

Chisamaliro

Mtengo utabzalidwa uyenera kuthiriridwa bwino. Zitsuko zitatu - mulingo woyenera kwambiri wa mtengo umodzi.

Pakatha milungu iwiri, kuthirira kumafunika kubwerezedwa. Kupatula kumabwera kumapeto. Chifukwa cha chinyezi chachikulu cha nthaka mutatha kusungunuka chisanu, kuthirira kungakhale kosavuta.

Pofuna kusunga ubwino wa chipatso pamlingo woyenera, amafunika kuyang'anira kukula kwa mphukirayomwe imakula kwambiri mwakhama.

Chotsani zosayenera otvodki zimafunika kangapo pamwezi. Chotsani matenda ouma ndi owuma, komanso kulamulira mtunda pakati pa zipatso, zomwe ziyenera kukhala masentimita 7.

ZOFUNIKA KWAMBIRI! Pofuna kusintha mafupipafupi a fruiting, agronomists amalangiza kuponda nthambi za mtengo mu chaka chopatsa zipatso.

Pofuna kuti nthambi zisadutse zipatso, chipatsochi chimafunikira kuthandizira pothandizira nthambi zamphamvu. Posankha zosungira, ndikofunika kuthetsa mkangano pakati pa makungwa. Pofuna kupewa izi, nkhono kapena mphira ziyenera kuikidwa pampando wofikira.

Pakudyetsa zaka zoyambirira mutabzala mtengo alibe chosowa. Ndikofunikira kuti mumwe madzi nthawi zonse. Kuthirira kumachitika kamodzi mu masiku 7-10. M'chaka chachitatu cha moyo wa mtengowo, munthu ayenera kuyamba gwiritsani ntchito feteleza osiyanasiyana molingana ndi ndondomekoyi:

• May - 2 tbsp. l urea pa 10 malita a madzi
• Juni - 3 tbsp. l nitrophoska kwa 10 malita a madzi,
• August - 2 tbsp. l superphosphate 10 malita a madzi.

Kudulira

Plum alibe chizoloŵezi chachibadwidwe cha kapangidwe ka chilengedwe cha korona, chotero, makamaka pakufunika kudulira. Kawirikawiri, wouma, matenda, komanso nthambi zowonjezera zomwe zimalepheretsa kupeza kuwala kwa dzuwa zimachotsedwa. Kudulira kumachitika mu kugwa kapena masika kusanayambe kuyamwa kutaya.

THANDIZANI! Phindu lalikulu lidzakhala kuchotsedwa kwa nthambi yaikulu imodzi kusiyana ndi zochepa zazing'ono.

Pogwiritsa ntchito mitengo, kutalika kwa mtengo ndi thunthu ziyenera kusinthidwa.

Zindikirani kuti chisamaliro cha mitengo ya compact ndi yosavuta kusiyana ndi yaitali. Ali ndi zokolola zabwino, ndipo amavutika kwambiri ndi chisanu.

Kuchokera ku mitengo yaying'ono kukolola mosavuta ndipo dzuwa limalowa ku nthambi iliyonse.

Matenda ndi tizirombo

"Zarechnaya oyambirira" zosiyanasiyana ndi matenda mosagonjetsedwa ndipo kawirikawiri akudwala tizilombo. Koma njira zothandizira ndizofunikabe kuziwona.

Matenda owopsa kwambiri a maula ndi: bushiness, pachimake, moniliosis, gommoz, coccomycosis, dzimbiri, nkhanambo.

Tizilombo toyambitsa maula: hawthorn, chipatso cha mite, chomera chomera, njenjete yamaluwa, silkworm.

Kupewa matenda Zinthu zotsatirazi zikulimbikitsidwa:

1. Kuyang'ana mtengo nthawi zonse ku matenda.
2. Kuyeretsa kwa nthawi yake ndi kuwotcha masamba otsala pansi pa mtengo.
3. Kuchotsa mosamala namsongole mu gudumu labwalo.
4. Kupopera mbewu kumayambiriro kwa kasupe ndi 3% Bordeaux osakaniza.

Kuteteza mtengo kuwonongeka zinyama zosiyanasiyana:

1. Kuchotsa namsongole ndi masamba akugwa.
2. Kukumba mu kugwa kwa nthaka muzengereza zowonongeka.
3. Kuika khungu loyera pa thunthu.
4. Kupopera nkhuni ndi zipangizo zamtengo wapatali kumayambiriro kwa masika.

Ma "Zarechnaya Early" plamu ndi mitundu yodzichepetsa, yosasunthika komanso yosavuta. Zipatso zake zokongola ndi kusowa kwa zofooka zimapangitsa kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ikhale yotchuka pakati pa wamaluwa.