Agave - wodzichepetsa komanso wokonzeka kukula chomera. Kusamalira iye ndi kophweka, koma malamulo angapo ofunikira omwe muyenera kudziwa.
Mukudziwa? Dzina la agave limachokera ku dzina la mwana wamkazi wa mfumu yakale ya Chigiriki ndipo kumasulira kumatanthawuza: osadziwika, olemekezeka, olemekezeka, odabwitsa, odabwitsa.
Kufotokozera kwa Agave
Mu chilengedwe, pali mitundu yoposa 300 ya agave, ndipo mu chikhalidwe chawo amagwiritsa ntchito mitundu ya America ya zomera. Maluwa amenewa ali ndi masamba obiriwira kapena obiriwira. Mitundu ina imakhala yokongoletsedwa ndi mikwingwirima yachikasu kapena yoyera. Mofanana ndi zokometsera zambiri, tsinde la agave ndi lalifupi, losasinthika, motero silikuoneka. Masamba a chomeracho ndi aakulu, amasonkhana mu rosette ndi yokutidwa ndi zokutira, ndipo m'mphepete mwawo ndi zokongoletsedwa ndi zitsamba zakuthwa, zomwe zimatalika kwambiri zomwe ziri pamalangizo. Mbewuyi imakhala yosiyana kwambiri ndi chilengedwe - 4-5 mamita awiri. Kunyumba, kukula kwake kuli kochepa kwambiri - mitundu yochepa imatha kukula mpaka 3-4 masentimita. Mtengo uwu ndi wautali wautali ndipo ukhoza kukhala zaka 50-100.
Mukudziwa? M'munda wamaluwa wa St. Petersburg pali agave anapulumuka ku Leningrad.
Mu chilengedwe cha agave pa nthawi ya maluwa (monga lamulo, zimachitika ali ndi zaka 15-20), peduncle ili mamita 3-10 mamita. Maluwa ambiri a mthunzi wachikasu amasonkhanitsidwa kuchokera kwa iye ndi zingwe zazing'ono mu inflorescence. Pambuyo pake, mankhwalawa amapangidwa, ndipo mbewuyo imamwalira, imasiya mphukira zazing'ono kuchokera ku rhizomes. Kunyumba, agave limamasula kwambiri kawirikawiri.
Zomwe zingakuthandizeni kukula bwino, kumene mungapange malowa
Izi zokoma, monga zomera zonse zagululi, ndi mbewu yosadzichepetsa ndipo ndizosangalatsa kuthana nayo - imataya nthaka ndikulekerera chilala mwangwiro. Komabe, ngati mwasankha kukula ndi agave, muyenera kuphunzira za zovuta zowusamalira kunyumba.
Kuunikira kwa agave
The agave amakonda malo ofunika ndipo amamva bwino pa zenera dzuwa, kumwera - chomera salola malo amdima. Komabe, pamasiku otentha muyenera kuonetsetsa kuti madzi sagwera pa masamba - izi zingachititse kuyaka. Mu penumbra komanso pamtunda wa kumpoto, agave angadwale pang'onopang'ono, koma izi sizikuwonekera mwamsanga. Chifukwa chosoŵa kuwala m'nyengo yozizira, agave imatulutsidwa, ndipo masamba ake amawongolera (ndi kuwala koyenera, masamba amakhala pa tsinde mwamphamvu akugwirana).
Ndikofunikira! Ngati chomeracho chinali pamalo othuthuka, sichikhoza kuimika padzuwa - ziphunzitseni kuwala pang'onopang'ono.
Kutentha kwa mpweya ndi chinyezi
Mtsinje, zonse zakutchire komanso ngati zinyumba, zimayendetsedwa bwino ndi mphamvu iliyonse ya kutentha. Choncho, m'chilimwe akhoza kutengedwera mumsewu kapena khonde. Ngati sizingatheke kuyenda "agave, ndiye kuti nthawi zambiri zimayenera kulowera chipinda chomwe chimapezeka. Chifukwa cha njirayi, kutentha kulikonse sikungapweteke zomera. Chifukwa cha chikhalidwe chake, agave imamva bwino kwambiri pa +18 ° C, ndipo kutentha kwakukulu ndi 22- + 28 ° C.
Ndikofunikira! M'nyengo yozizira, kutentha m'chipinda ndi agave sikuyenera kuchepetsedwa kuposa -6 ° C; pa -10 ° C chomeracho chikhoza kufa.
Agave sichitchula chilichonse chapadera kwa chinyezi cha mlengalenga - imamva bwino kwambiri pamene chinyezi chiri chochepa (40%) ndipo sichiyenera kuwonjezeka.
Momwe mungabzalitsire chomera cha agave
Mukakumbukira komwe agave ikukula kuthengo (pa nthaka yosauka ya mchenga), musanadzale muyenera kusamalira kusakaniza kwa nthaka. Njira yabwino - chisakanizo cha humus, mchenga wochuluka, tsamba ndi sod (chiŵerengero - 1: 0.5: 1: 2).
Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito dothi lokonzekera:
- yucca;
- chifukwa cha kanjedza;
- kwa dracaena.
Odziŵa bwino florists komanso olima maluwa akuda kwambiri amakhulupirira kuti dothi lokhala ndi maluwa monga agave limakula limakhala ndi njerwa zazikulu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti nthaka iwonongeke. Monga chidebe, a agave asankhe miphika yayikulu ndi yotsika ya ceramic ndi mabowo pansi. Choponderetsa pansi (2-3 masentimita) chiyenera kukhala ndi miyala yaying'ono kapena miyala.
Ndikofunikira! M'masiku oyambirira mutabzala agave ayenera kutetezedwa ku dzuwa.
Malo obereketsa akhoza kukhala mbewu kapena mphukira.
Kubzala mbewu
Njira yoberekera sikungatchedwe bwino, chifukwa zomera zomwe zimapezeka kuchokera ku mbewu zimayamba pang'onopang'ono. Kukula n'kofunika kumapeto kwa nyengo yozizira kuti mbeuyi ikhale mumchenga wouma kwambiri mpaka 1 masentimita. Chidebecho chimakhala ndi filimu kapena galasi. Kutentha kumayenera kukhala pakati pa 20-25 ° C. M'masiku 5-7, mphukira zidzawoneka. Patatha masiku 15-20 tsamba loyamba likuwonekera, tsamba lachiwiri limayamba kukulira, masiku ena makumi awiri pambuyo pake, ndipo patapita milungu iwiri, agaveyo idzakhala masentimita 8 ndi 15 masentimita. Kenaka mizu yachitatu ya chomera imakula, ndipo patapita masiku makumi awiri tsamba lachinayi lidzawoneka ndipo mpweya udzawumbidwa.
Kubalana cuttings rhizomes
Malo a maluwa agave akhoza kukula kuchokera ku cuttings, omwe amadulidwa pamunsi panthawi yopatsa.
Ndikofunikira! Pa mlingo uliwonse ayenera kukhala ndi impso imodzi.
Pambuyo kudula, cuttings ndi zouma kwa maola 2-3. Kuti ufulumizitse kukula, ukhoza kuwawaza odulidwa ndi makala ophwanyika. Zomera zokonzedwa bwino zimayenera kukonzekera mu nthaka yokonzedwa bwino (mchenga), ndiye kutsanulira (madzi ayenera kutentha kutentha). M'chaka choyamba cha moyo, chomerachi chimaponyera masamba asanu ndi limodzi, chachiwiri - mpaka 9, ndipo chachitatu - mpaka khumi ndi awiri.
Mmene mungakwirire agave kuchokera muzu ndi mbeu
Kapepala kakang'ono kameneka kangapangidwe ndi mizu ya suckers, kuika ndi kusamaliranso zomwe sizili zovuta. Anawo akawonekeratu, amagawidwa bwino ndi tsamba lakuthwa, masana masana ndikuikidwa mu chidebe chosiyana ndi chisakanizidwe chokonzekera. Phimbani ndi kupopera sapling sikofunikira. Kumwa koyamba sikuyenera kukhalapo kale kuposa masiku atatu. Ndipo maluwa asanayambe kumwa ayenera kukhala osowa kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti agave ikhoza kukula mpaka kukula kwake, kotero ndi bwino kukula mitundu yochepa muzipinda.
Kunyumba Agave Care
Mofanana ndi mbeu iliyonse, kusamalira nyumba kwa agave kuli ndi kuyatsa bwino, kuthirira ndi kudyetsa. Kuwonjezera apo, agave amafunika kusamba nthawi zonse masamba kuchokera ku fumbi - kuyamwa kwake kumasokoneza njira ya photosynthesis ndipo kumapangitsa kuti ntchitoyo ikhale yogwira ntchito yofunikira. Ambiri amakonda kukula m'nyumba zosadzichepetsa. Ndipo omwe amakonda okondedwa adzakhala okondwa kukula ndi agave, ngakhale kuti chomeracho si chimanga (mwachikhalidwe), ziribe kanthu kwa iye ngakhale kuti pali madzi okwanira nthawi zonse kapena ayi.
Njira yosavuta yosamalira mitundu iyi ya agave:
- choyera;
- nitrous
- victoria mfumu
Kumwa madzi abwino
Kuthirira madziwa kumakhala koyenera:
- 1-2 pa masiku khumi pa nyengo yokula (musanayambe kuthirira, pamwamba pazitali zikhale zouma, koma zouma);
- m'nyengo yozizira, zomera zimathirira kamodzi pamwezi.
Sizingatheke kupopera mankhwala, chifukwa madzi akulowa mu malo otsekamo angathe kuola.
Kudyetsa agave
Kudziwa momwe mungasamalire bwino agave sikudzakwanira popanda kuganizira malamulo a zakudya zamasamba. Mu feteleza, agave imafuna nthawi ya kukula kwake, m'chilimwe. Limbikitsani kudyetsa kasanu pa mwezi. Kuti muchite izi, sankhani feteleza ndi mavitamini otsika. Zosakaniza zabwino kwambiri za okoma.
Ndikofunikira! Agave ndi operewera kwambiri kuposa kupitirira.
Pamene mukufunika kuika ndikusintha momwe mungasinthire
Mitengo yachinyamata iyenera kuikidwa chaka chilichonse, ndi akuluakulu - kamodzi mu zaka 2-3 kapena pamene mphamvuyo imakhala yaing'ono kwa iwo. Pambuyo pa ziphuphu za agave, zomwe zimayesedwa ndi mbeu, zimakula pang'ono, zimapangidwira m'magawo osiyana siyana masentimita 8 pa chaka, ndipo chisamaliro chotsatira chiyenera kutsatira ndondomekoyi. Pamene kuika mthunzi wa mzuwo sungathe kuikidwa m'manda, ndi bwino kuchoka pamtunda. Dziko lapansi lozungulira duwa losamaliridwa silinayanjanitsidwe, koma kutuluka kumayikidwa ndi miyala - njira iyi mpweya udzakhala womasuka kwambiri kuthamangira ku mizu.
Mukudziwa? Mitengo ya mdziko lakwawo imatengedwa kuti ndi yamtengo wapatali - zithunzithunzi zimachokera ku masamba, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga tini, zingwe, zojambula, nsalu ndi nsalu zina. Madzi amapanga asidi ndi kukopa njuchi, agave zamkati zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga sopo ndi zodzoladzola, ndipo zamkati zimakonzedwa kuchokera ku masamba a agave. Kuwonjezera apo, madzi a mbewu imeneyi amagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mankhwala ofewa mankhwala ofewetsa tuvi tolimba, machiritso ovulaza ndi painkiller.
Matenda Aakulu Amagazi ndi Tizilombo
Agave sikumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi matenda, choncho sitidzamvetsera kwambiri momwe akufotokozera. Chinthu chofunika kwambiri - chomera chimadwala ndi chisamaliro cholakwika. Agave nthawi zambiri amakhudzidwa ndi zowopsya komanso zovuta. Ngati mutawapeza tizirombozi, tsukani masamba a chomera ndi njira yothetsera mowa, sopo, mowa kapena boric acid. Ndondomekoyi imabwerezedwa tsiku lililonse masiku 4-5, mpaka kutaya kwathunthu kwa tizirombo. Ngati matendawa akuwopsa, tizilombo toyambitsa matenda tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito. Ngati masamba apansi a kansalu kapena agave atembenuka chikasu (ngati masamba a autumn mitengo), ndiye muyenera kuisamalira makamaka: kuchepetsa kuthamanga kwa mlingo komanso nthawi zambiri. Apa, malamulo onse osavuta omwe angakuthandizeni kukula maluwa ovuta kunyumba, monga agave.
