Ng'ombe ndizosazengereza zinyama ponena za kusamalira ndi zakudya, koma dongosolo liyenera kukhala pa chirichonse.
Kuti nyama izidziwikire bwino momwe mungathere mkaka, mbuzi zizikhala bwino mu malo omwe amakhala.
Ayeneranso kukhala ndi zakudya zoyenera kuti thupi lizichita bwino kuti athetse mkaka.
Njira yodziwika kwambiri yosunga mbuzi ku nyengo ya nyengo ya Kum'mawa kwa Ulaya ndi mkuntho.
Bwanji kwenikweni?
Frost ndi dzuwa sizoopsa kwa mbuzi, koma mkaka ukhoza kutha kapena kuthekera kwake kubereka kungachepetse chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa hypothermia mu nyama zamkaka. Choncho m'nyengo yozizira, mbuzi imayenera kusungidwa mumatumba, komanso pazitali zakuya, ndipo m'chilimwe mukhoza kupita kumalo odyetserako ziweto.
Mu kutentha kwa chilimwe, nyama zikhoza kubisala kutentha kwa dzuwa, kotero onetsetsani kuti mukukonzekera denga kwa iwo.
Zinyama zonse ziyenera kusiyanitsidwa ndi msinkhu komanso kusungidwa ndi ziweto zazing'ono malinga ndi zaka zakubadwa.
Nkhosa zaumwini zimatha kukhala ndi mbuzi, mbuzi, mbuzi yokonzanso ndi nyama zamphongo.
Mbuzi zambuzi zizikhala zosiyana ndi aliyense, chifukwa nthawi ya lactation nyama zina zimatha kusokoneza milking.
Chifukwa china cholekanitsa ichi ndikofunikira kuyang'anira njira yakuyamwitsa mbuzi nthawi yowuma.
M'nyengo yozizira, monga ikudziwika, m'deralo pakhoza kukhala chisanu chochuluka, choncho mbuzi za mkaka zimakhala nthawi zonse mu vetch.
Kutentha kwakukulu kwa iwo kudzakhala kosiyana + 13 ... +21 ̊C. Chinyezi chiyenera kukhala cha 60-70%.
Chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwawo, nyama zidzamva bwino mu chipinda chomwe kutentha ndi chinyezi zimasungidwa pa + 4 ... +6 C ndi 80%, motero.
N'zosatheka kulola kuzizira kwakukulu mbuzi ndi kutentha. Chipinda chiyenera kukhala chokwanira, chowala, chabwino podutsa mpweya wabwino, popanda drafts. M'nyengo yozizira, mbuzi yamphongo muyenera kusunga ukhondo nthawi zonse, kusintha zinyalala kapena zowonongeka.
M'chilimwe, mkaka wa mbuzi umatha pafupifupi tsiku lonse podyetsa. Mukhoza kuyendetsa zinyama kupita kumunda pamene nthaka yayuma, pamene udzu umakula. Simungathe kumanga msipu mame asaname, kapena ngati udzu umadzazidwa ndi chisanu.
M'nyengo yozizira, mbuzi akutsuka udzu watsopano, kotero m'masiku oyambirira a msipu angadye zakudya zambiri, zomwe zingayambitse kutsegula m'mimba kapena kutupa kwala. Choncho, nyama zimafunikira chakudya osati njala, ndipo musanatuluke, muyenera kuwapatsa udzu wochepa.
Pamene mbuzi amatha kufotokoza udzu, ndiye kuti sangathe kupereka udzu.
Pakati pa chilimwe, kutentha kumatuluka kunja, nkofunika kubweretsa mbuzi kumunda kutuluka dzuwa.
Ngati chinyama chikuwotcha kwambiri, chimakhala chaulesi, sichikuthira udzu ndikuyesera kupeza malo obisala. Ngati mbuzi imakhala motalika kwa dzuwa kwa nthawi yayitali, ndiye kuti chiopsezo chawo chotentha chimakula.
Pofuna kuteteza zinyama, amafunika kuthamangitsidwa kumsasa kwa nthawi imodzi kuyambira 11.00 mpaka 14.00. Pamene kutentha kunja kumayamba kugwa, zinyama zikhoza kubwezeretsedwa nthawi isanafike mdima.
Sikoyenera kuti abweretse mbuzi kudyetsa ngati mvula yamkuntho ikuyandikira kapena mvula, chifukwa nkhumbayi imakhala yokwanira kuti ikhale ndi kusintha kwa mlengalenga.
Ngati munda uli wabwino, ndiye mkaka wa mbuzi udzakhala ndi nthawi yoti udye pa maola 5-6. Mankhwalawa amatha nthawi yomweyo, koma panthawiyi nyama ziyenera kugona pansi. Choncho, ndikofunikira kuwakonzekera ku tyrlo, kumene angakhoze kugona pansi mwakachetechete, kupuma, kubisala dzuwa.
Ndikofunika kupereka mbuzi yokwanira kuti zisawonongeke. Ngati mbuzi ndi udzu wambiri, ndiye kuti mumatha kumwa kamodzi, mwinamwake chinyama chiyenera kupatsidwa kachiwiri, komanso nyengo yozizira.
Nthawi yoyamba madzi ayenera kuperekedwa m'mawa, musanayendetse mbuzi pamunda, ndipo nthawi yachiwiri - mutatha tsiku. Muyeneranso kukonzekera munthu akumwa kumunda. Ziyenera kukhala madzi amchere amchere, monga mbuzi idzamera bwino ngati amamwa.
Pakatikati pa chilimwe, udzu wakumunda udzakhala wovuta kwambiri, choncho uyenera kuthirira nyama 2 maola oyamba mutangoyamba kumene ndi maola awiri mutatha masana.
Chakudya cha mbuzi ya mkaka chiyenera kupangidwa kotero kuti chinyama chilandire chirichonse chomwe chikusowa. Apo ayi, mbuzi yofooka ikhoza kubadwa mbuzi, kapena kuchepetsedwa kwa kupanga mkaka kudzaonekera.
Ngati chakudya chili chabwino komanso chabwino, ndiye kuti chili ndi zonse zomwe mukufunikira, koma ndibwino kuti mupereke mbuzi ndi malo odyetserako odyetserako komwe mchere umatulutsa mchere ndi tricalcium phosphate. Tsiku lililonse mbuzi ayenera kulandira 4 g wa calcium ndi 2.4 g wa phosphorous, 12-15 g mchere.
Masana, mbuzi imadya moyenera, ndipo phindu la mankhwala amapezeka, koma panthawi yamatenda, mbuzi iyenera kuperekedwa.
Zimakhalanso zosangalatsa kuwerenga za mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya mbuzi.
Nkhumba ziyenera kutumizidwa ku stall pang'onopang'ono pamapeto pa sabata. Pafupifupi masiku 9 mpaka 10 zinyama zisanatumizedwe ku khola, muyenera kuchepetsa nthawi yoyenda, muyenera kuyendetsa mbuzi kuchipinda kusiyana ndi nthawi zonse, ndipo mu khola muyenera kudyetsa bwino ndi udzu wabwino ndikuwunika.
Kuyenda n'kofunika ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira. Nthawi yoyendayenda iyenera kukhala yofanana ndi maola 3 mpaka 4. Kubweretsa mbuzi mpweya wabwino ndikofunikira, monga momwe ziriri zochepa zochepa nyama imatha kuipa.
Musanayambe kukonzekera mbuzi, kumbali yakumwera kwa madzi omwe mukufunikira kukonzekera yaing'ono yokhala ndi mipanda, komwe kudzakhala kotheka kudyetsa mbuzi. Ndikofunika kudyetsa nyama m'nyengo yozizira ndi udzu wabwino, chakudya chabwino komanso mchere wambiri.
Pali malingaliro okhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya choperekedwa. Pansi pa mbuzi pa tsiku ayenera kukhala 1.2-1.4 makilogalamu udzu kapena udzu udzu, 0.5-0.7 makilogalamu nyemba udzu, 1.5-2.5 makilogalamu a yowutsa mudyo chakudya mu mawonekedwe a akanadulidwa beets ndi mbatata yophika, 0 , 3-0,5 makilogalamu a concentrates, 13-15 g mchere ndi 12-15 g wa mchere zowonjezera.
Kawirikawiri, pofuna kukonza chimbudzi cha mbuzi zomwe zimadyetsa ma brooms (nthambi zouma ndi masamba) ndi masamba a autumn. M'nyengo yozizira, mbuzi yathanzi ikhoza kudya 100 - 18 ma brooms. Mabulosi amapangidwa bwino aspen, mapulo, phulusa, birch.
Kulera
Pali njira ziwiri zolerera ana: pansi pa chiberekero komanso popanda. Pankhani ya mbuzi, achinyamata amafunika kuyamitsidwa msanga.
Nyama zinyama zimatha kumasulidwa panja ngakhale m'nyengo yozizira, koma kwa kanthawi kochepa komanso pamene anawo ali ndi mphamvu zokwanira.
Ngati kasupe achinyamata, ndi bwino kuyembekezera masabata angapo ndikungowathamangitsa ana kuyenda.
Muzisunga nyama zowonongeka ndi zowuma kuti zisathenso kuzizira chifukwa chosowa chitetezo. Choyamba, iwo ayenera kudyetsedwa mkaka watsopano, ndipo, ndithudi, amabala, omwe ali ndi zinthu zomwe zimathandiza kuti pakhale chitetezo cha m'thupi.
Sabata imodzi atatha kubadwa, ana amafunikira kuphika phala (oatmeal, semolina), kuwonjezera pa mchere pang'ono ndi ozizira. Kuyambira ali ndi zaka 10 mukhoza kuyamba perekani udzu kapena broom, komanso pa 4 - 6 g wa mchere pamutu.
Pakatha masiku 20 mutabadwa, muyenera kuwonjezera zakudya za mchere monga fupa (5-7 g) kapena choko. Kuwonjezeka kungaperekedwe mwezi umodzi atabadwa.
Onetsetsani kuthirira madzi ndi madzi ofunda. Ngati chakudyacho chidalembedwa molondola, ndiye kuti phindu lolemera pamwezi likhale 3-5 makilogalamu. Mukhoza kumasulira mu stall ana omwe afika zaka zoposa 7 mpaka 8. Tsiku ndi tsiku amafunika kudyetsedwa makilogalamu 1.5 a udzu wabwino, 200-300 g wa concentrates ndi 1 makilogalamu a yowutsa mudyo chakudya kapena silage.
Kusunga mkaka mbuzi ndi kophweka. Kuchokera kwa iye phindu lambiri, osati kokha mwa mkaka ndi colostrum, komanso mwa mawonekedwe a mbuzi. Ngati mbuzi ili ndi thanzi labwino, ndiye kuti anyamatawo atha kukhala ndi thanzi labwino.
