Chinyama chotero ngati nkhumba chimayamikiridwa kwambiri ku Ukraine, ndipo a ku Ukraine akhala akuganiziridwa kuti amawerengedwa. Masiku akale, mafuta onunkhira anali magwero amphamvu kwa anthu, omwe amayenera kubwezeretsedwa atagwira ntchito mwakhama, koma lero ndi chakudya chokhachokha. Mwinamwake zonsezi zinali chifukwa chake iwo anali Achiyukireniya obereketsa omwe anatha kubala mtundu umodzi mwa mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya nyama ndi mafuta a nkhumba, omwe amatchedwa Mirgorodska.
Mtundu uwu uli ndi zaka zopitirira 75, komabe, umakhala wotchuka kwambiri pakati pa alimi ogwira ntchito komanso ochita masewera olimbitsa thupi. Ngati mumakondanso nkhumbazi, timasangalala kuuza ena zokhudzana ndi zida zawo komanso makhalidwe awo.
Musanapite ku msika: mungasankhe bwanji nkhumba zoyenera za mtundu wa Mirgorod?
Kugula nkhumba ndi ntchito yovuta kwambiri, popeza kubzala nkhumba kumadalira. Choncho, nkofunikira kuti anthu osankhidwa akhale osati oimira okhawo omwe ali osiyana nawo, komanso akhale ndi thanzi labwino. Choncho, musanapite ku msika kuti mutengeko woterewu, werengani mwatsatanetsatane malamulo omwe amavomereza ndi enieni omwe amasankhidwa nkhumba.
Ndi bwino kugula nkhumba ngati ali ndi mwezi umodzi. Panthawiyi, obereketsa nkhumba nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi nthawi yowaphunzitsa kuti adye chakudya chokhazikika, nthawi zambiri amadyetsa. Izi ndizofunika kwambiri, chifukwa n'zosatheka kupha alimi a mkaka kuti azidya chakudya nthawi zonse - mudzawathetsa matenda aakulu, omwe nthawi zambiri amawapha.
Choncho, funsani wogulitsa momwe angadyetsere ziweto zake komanso zomwe adawathandiza kuti aziwalekanitsa. M'tsogolomu, yesetsani kusunga nkhumba zanu zakudya zomwezo zomwe munalandira kale ndipo pasakhale vuto ndi kusintha.
Ngakhale wogulitsa akunena kuti nkhumba zimadya momasuka, ndibwino kuti azisunga izi mwaokha. Mfundoyi siyikanso ngati nkhumba imamwa, kapena imadya chakudya ndi pakamwa pake (ngakhale kuti izi ndi zofunika kwambiri poyamba), koma ngati ayigula, kapena amaziwombera. Nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti nkhumba zimabadwa ndi kuluma kolakwika, chifukwa cha zotsatira zake, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa thupi lawo, sangathe kudya bwino.
Zimakhala zovuta kuti nyama yoteroyo ikhale yolemetsa, chifukwa gawo limodzi la chakudya chomwe limadya limatha kudyedwa bwino, zina zonse zimachotsedwa mthupi mofanana ndi momwe zinaliri poyamba. Osakhala waulesi ndi kuyang'anitsitsa mosamala nsagwada za nkhumba ndi momwe amachitira pamodzi.
Chabwino, chinthu chofunikira kwambiri ndi kudziwa kuti nkhumba ya Mirgorodskaya mtundu usanafike? Inde, muyenera kufunsa wogulitsa za izi, ndipo iyeyo adzidzitamandira ndi chinthu chamtengo wapatali (mwinamwake adzakwera mtengo wapamwamba). Choyamba, samverani sutiyi - ku Mirgorod nguruwe, kawirikawiri zimakhala zakuda ndi motley, ngakhale ngati nkhumba zili ndi zakuda kapena zakuda ndi zofiira zikugwidwa, ichi si chifukwa chotsutsa wogulitsa, chinyama choterocho chikuchitika.
Ndikofunikira kwambiri kumvetsera momwe thupi limakhalira, lomwe liyenera kukhala lalitali komanso lalikulu kwambiri. Zizindikiro zoterezi ndi chizindikiro chakuti mtsogolo chiweto chidzatha kulemera kwakukulu. Mitsempha yawo imapangidwira patsogolo. Makutu ndi ochepa, pafupifupi amaimitsa ndi kutembenukira pang'ono kumbali.
Pambuyo pa kugula, musaiwale kutenga othandizira a wogulitsa kuti mukumane naye pokhapokha ngati mukukumana ndi mavuto ndikupempha uphungu monga wobereketsa bwino. Pambuyo pa zonse, monga mwa anthu, nyama zimatulutsanso khalidwe ndi kudya. Choncho, mwinamwake zina zokhudza mayi wa nkhumbazo zimathandiza mwamsanga ndi bwino kuwongolera pa zomwe zili.
Odyetsa amalimbikitsanso kugula nkhumba zingapo kamodzi, makamaka nkhumba ndi nkhumba. Choyamba, nkhumba ndizoweta ziweto ndipo palimodzi zidzakhala zosavuta kuti zikhale zatsopano ndi kukula. Ndipo kachiwiri - m'tsogolomu mungapeze kuchokera kwa iwo mwana woyamba.
Kodi ndi zenizeni za nkhumba za Mirgorod: ndondomeko ya mtundu
Kuti apeze oimirira a mtundu wofotokozedwa unkachitika mosavuta kuwoloka. Motero, akufesa nkhumba zazing'ono za ku Ukraine, ndi mtundu wawo wosiyanasiyana, anawoloka ndi nkhumba zazinthu zotsatirazi zomwe zimatchuka:
- Oyera oyera.
- Avereji yoyera.
- Berkshire.
- Temvorskaya.
Poyamba, mtunduwu unali ndi gawo lofala kwambiri ku dera la Mirgorod m'chigawo cha Poltava, chomwe chinatchulidwapo. Masiku ano, nkhumbazi zimafalitsidwa pakati ndi kumpoto kwa Ukraine, zimapezeka nthawi zambiri ku Belarus, koma ku Russia zimangokhala kumwera kwenikweni kwa dzikoli.
Ubwino wokhala ndi kubereka nkhumba za Mirgorod
M'gawo la chisankho cha nkhumba, tawona kale kuti kuyambira kale kwambiri, oimira mtunduwo ali ndi lamulo lolimba kwambiri ndi chizoloŵezi chofuna kulemera. Matupi awo amamera bwino kwambiri, chifukwa minofu ya adipose imakula bwino mumtundu wa nyama, kuti nyamazo zikhale zazikulu komanso zozungulira.
Ponena za kudyetsa, mtundu wa Mirgorod sizomwe zimakhala zovuta. Oimira ake angathe kusintha mosavuta kudyetsa nkhuku m'madera omwe ali m'nkhalango ya steppe.
Choncho, kuyambira kumayambiriro kwa kasupe mpaka mpaka poyamba chisanu, nthawi zambiri amasungidwa mumlengalenga, ndikuwatsogolera m'chipinda chokha usiku. Malo okhawo omwe amagawira nkhumba za nkhumba ayenera kumenyana mitengo yomwe ingakhale ngati malo ogona ku dzuwa. M'nyengo yozizira, simungadandaule za zakudya za mtundu uwu, monga momwe nkhumba za Mirgorod zimathandizira kulemera pafupifupi chakudya chilichonse.
Oimira a mtundu uwu amakula mwamsanga kwambiri, osadalira mtundu wa chakudya (zokhazokha ndizofunika). Ngakhale popanda kugwiritsa ntchito njira yapadera ya mafuta, ngakhale akadakali aang'ono, mitsempha imayamba kuchepetsa mafuta osungirako mafuta, omwe amangowonjezera ndi ukalamba. Chifukwa cha mwayi wopititsa patsogolo, minofu yambiri imakula, kukula mofulumira.
Zotsatira za mtundu wofotokozedwa
Kuti tisasangalatse komanso osati kutamanda mtundu wa nkhumba za Mirgorod, tikufuna kukambirana za minuses yake. Ngakhale kuti mtunduwu umatengedwa ngati nyama-mafuta, zizindikiro za nyama za oimirawo ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa zowonjezera.
Choncho, nyama yomwe imatuluka m'thupi ndi yaing'ono kwambiri. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti kulemera kwambiri kumakhala ndi chinyama, kupatula kumakhala kosafuna kusuntha. Chotsatira chake, mtundu umodzi wa zokolola umayamba kupitirira kuposa wina ndipo nkhumba imadzazidwa ndi mafuta. Pofuna kupewa izi, yesetsani kuyendetsa ziweto zanu mofulumira komanso mobwerezabwereza, komanso kumangodya zakudya zokha pokhapokha pa zakudya zamapuloteni.
Komanso, ngati nkhumbazi zingathenso kuthana nazo, kubisala mumthunzi, ndiye zimapirira kuzizira kwambiri. Ngati nkhumba sizimatenthedwa m'nyengo yozizira, nyama zidzasokonezeka ndi hypothermia, kukula kwa chiwerengerochi kudzachepa, matenda osiyanasiyana osasangalatsa akhoza kukula. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti nkhumba zing'onozing'ono, zomwe zimakhudzidwa makamaka ndi izi, sizikuwonekera ku hypothermia. Kwa iwo, akulimbikitsidwa kukhazikitsa nyali zotentha zotentha kapena kuzipititsa ku malo ena amoto.
Zochitika za kunja ndi magawo a nkhumba za Mirgorod
Ndipo kotero, oimira mtundu uwu nthawi zambiri motley, m'malo mwake, amakhala ndi thupi lalitali kwambiri. Ng'ombe zapitazi zimatha kutalika, chifukwa thupi lawo limakhala lofanana ndi masentimita 180, pamene akufesa 170 okha.
Mfundo yakuti nkhumba za Mirgorod zimakhala zazikulu kwambiri zimasonyezedwa ndi chizindikiro cha girth ya mapewa awo, omwe nthawi zambiri amafanana ndi kutalika kwa thupi, ndipo nthawi zina amatha kupitirira ndi masentimita asanu kapena asanu ndi atatu. Kawirikawiri, matupi awo ndi akuya kwambiri, kumbuyo kuli kolunjika ndi kozama, ndi mawonekedwe a maonekedwe a mafuta.
Koma kukula kwa mutu wokhudzana ndi thupi lonse ndi kochepa. Mbiriyi ndi concave pang'ono, koma osati monga, mu Duroks kapena White White mtundu. Ndiponso, nkhumba za Mirgorod zimadziwika ndi ganashes bwino kwambiri, zomwe zimapezekanso kuchuluka kwa minofu ya adipose. Makutu ndi ochepa, nthawi zina amalumikiza pang'ono, koma nthawi zambiri amayima molunjika.
Ponena za makhalidwe ena onse a maonekedwe a nkhumba za Mirgorod, ziyenera kuzindikiranso zotsatirazi:
- Miyendo yawo ili ndi kutalika kwapakati, koma ndi amphamvu kwambiri komanso yokhazikika. Chifukwa chaichi, amatha kunyamula zolemera zawo ndikugonjetsa kutalika popanda mavuto.
- Hamu amakula kwambiri, samangolandira mafuta ochulukirapo, koma amakhalanso ndi minofu yambiri.
- Khungu ndi lolimba kwambiri, koma zotanuka, alibe mapepala. Chifukwa cha makhalidwe ake, nyama imatha kulemera nthawi zonse.
- Khungu la nkhumba za Mirgorod liri ndi nkhuni zakuda komanso zowala, zomwe zimawateteza kuti asatenge dzuwa. Komabe, zimathandiza pang'ono kumenyana ndi kuzizira.
- Kodi phindu lanji lingabweretse zomwe zili mu Mirgorod nkhumba kapena zokolola za mtunduwu?
- Ali wamkulu, chiŵerengero cholemera cha nkhumba za mtundu wofotokozedwa chingathe kufika pa 330 kilogalamu, ndipo zimabzala - pafupifupi 220. Kuchokera pomwepo, nkhumba izi zimayamba kulemera kwambiri: pafupifupi masentimita 670-700 tsiku lililonse. Kuchuluka kwa nyama mu nyama ndi 54-55%, ndipo mafuta - kuyambira 37 mpaka 38%. Choncho, zokolola zonse zopindulitsa zingakhale pafupifupi kulemera kwa nyama. Mafuta ochulukirapo amakhala oposa 2.8 centimita. Tiyenera kukumbukira kuti mafuta a nkhumba za Mirgorod amawoneka kuti amatchulidwa, chifukwa ali ndi kukoma kwambiri.
- Ntchito yofunika kwambiri ikusewera ndi kuchulukitsa kwafesa, kotero simungakhoze kubzala nkhumbazi mwachangu, komanso kupeza ndalama pogulitsa nkhumba. Ng'anga imodzi nkhumba nthawi zambiri imabweretsa nkhumba zosachepera 10, ndipo kulemera kwake kuli pafupifupi 1.2 kilograms. Koma pakadutsa miyezi isanu ndi umodzi kulemera kwa nkhumba kumawonjezeka kufika pa kilogalamu imodzi.
Kuwonjezeka kwakukulu kwa nyama kumayenera kusamala. Kawirikawiri, mtundu wa Mirgorod sungathe kutchedwa whimsical ndipo mulibe vuto ndi zomwe zilipo, komabe ziyenera kutchulidwa zina. .
Chakudya chofunikira: zokhudzana ndi kudyetsa mafupipafupi
Kukonzekera kwa nkhumba za Mirgorod ndizovuta kwambiri, chifukwa sizifuna ndalama zapadera pa chakudya. Mosasamala nthawi ya chaka, maziko a zakudya zawo akhoza kukhala mbatata kuphatikizapo zinthu zina za nyengo. Komabe, mbatata imaperekedwa popangidwira, kutsanulira ndi madzi onse. Mukhoza kuwonjezera pa izi:
- Zokolola zosiyanasiyana, koma nthawi zonse mu mawonekedwe apansi. Kudaya kumafunika kukula. Kawirikawiri sikoyenera kutulutsa mbewu zonse, monga nkhumba yake siingayang'ane.
- Zina zamasamba: beets, kaloti, rutabagas.
- Udzu watsopano ndi udzu - ndibwino kuti mupereke mawonekedwe opangidwa bwino.
- Zidya za zakudya.
- Zakudya za mkaka.
- Nsomba, nyama ndi mafupa.
- Zipatso za nyengo.
- Vitamini zowonjezera.
Mukhoza kudyetsa nkhumbazi katatu patsiku, chilimwe chilipo ziwiri zokha. Nkhumba zimadyetsedwa kawirikawiri - pafupifupi 5 pa tsiku. Pa nthawi yomweyo, ndikofunika kuti nkhumba zizikhala ndi madzi abwino komanso abwino.
Nthano zofunika pakuzaza nkhumba ndi akulu
Mitambo yotereyi iyenera kuphatikizapo kuti Mirgorod nkhumba amafunikira kudya chakudya chokwanira komanso chopatsa thanzi, kuyenda m'madera akulu ndi ukhondo m'nyumba za nkhumba. Chifukwa cha zinthu zomwe zimakhala bwino kwambiri kwa nyama, zikhoza kulemera popanda mavuto ndipo sizidzadwala. Komanso, nkhumbayi imayenera kukonzedwa kuti madzi onse otulutsidwa ndi nyama atuluke. Nkhokwe ndi nkhumba ziyenera kutsukidwa nthawi zonse, kufalitsa udzu wokwanira kapena udzu kwa iwo.
Nkhumba kawirikawiri zimasungidwa mosiyana ndi nyemba, koma ndizotheka kukalowa mu khola lake. Ndikofunika kwambiri kuti akhale ndi malo ochulukirapo kuti asamuke, mwinamwake zinyama zingathe kupanga ziphuphu. Komanso, kuyambira kubadwa, amathyoledwa ndi mavitamini apadera, omwe amachititsa kuti dzinali likhale losasuntha komanso kuthandizira chitukuko chonse. Kuyambira ali ndi masabata awiri apatsidwa kale chakudya china.
M'nyengo yozizira, ng ombe za mkaka ziyenera kusungidwa m'madera odzaza ndi mpweya wabwino. Zitsamba zonse zomwe zili ndi chakudya kwa iwo zimafunika kusambitsidwa nthawi zonse, zakudya zoperewera. Pamene kudyetsa msipu, nkhumba ndi nkhumba zimasungidwa mosiyana ndi anthu ena.
Farrow: Nchiyani chofunika kudziwa ndi zomwe mungachite kuti mugwire ntchito?
Monga taonera kale, kufesa kwa mbeu iyi ndipamwamba kwambiri. Mlanduwu ukhoza kuchitidwa mofulumira kwambiri, kuyambira pa miyezi khumi. Komabe, akukhulupilira kuti wamkulu msinkhu pa nthawi ya kukwatira, ndiye kuti mwana wam'tsogolo adzabwino. Mukhoza kumvetsetsa chiyambi cha kusaka kwa nkhumba mwa zotsatirazi za khalidwe lake:
- Mantha, kuponyera mbali ndi mbali kudzera mu khola.
- Kupepuka kwa ziwalo zoberekera zakunja.
- Chikhumbo choima patsogolo pa boar.
Njira yonyamulira nkhumba imachitika nkhumba nthawi zambiri popanda mavuto. Poyambira kwa theka lachiwiri la mawu, liyenera kusamutsidwa mosiyana ndi anthu ena ndipo lisatulutsidwe kumalo odyetserako ziweto.
Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, kudyetsa iyo panthawiyi kuyenera kukhala ndi zakudya zambiri, makamaka chakudya chobiriwira. Asanayambe kufalikira, nkhumba idzayamba kukonzekera zokhazokha: idzayamba kugwetsa udzu kupita kumbali imodzi ya khola ndikukweza chisa kuchokera pamenepo. Adzagona nthawi zambiri, mumatha kuona kuti ziwalo zake zowonongeka zafalikira ndipo matenda ake am'mimba amakula..
Kufotokozera kawirikawiri kumachitika mofulumira komanso mopanda mavuto. Ndikofunika kudula mkondomu womwe ukugwirizanitsa nkhumba ndi chiberekero ndikuwutentha ndi njira yothetsera ayodini. Komanso onetsetsani kuti mumatsuka makutu, mkamwa ndi mphuno za otsala otsala. Pambuyo pa mphindi 30-40 mutatha kuthamanga, nkhumbazo zimabweretsa chiberekero kuti aziyamwitsa mkaka, zomwe zimayambitsa njira zofunika.
Komanso, ndikofunika kuyang'anira mkhalidwe wa nyemba, kaya zitsime zake zatha. Kuti mukhale ndi mkaka wokwanira, ndikofunika kumupatsa zakudya zabwino.
