Gerbera ndi chomera chosatha cha banja la Compositae. Pali mitundu yambiri ya gerberas, yomwe imasiyanitsidwa ndi mtundu, mtedza ndi mtundu wa inflorescence. Tiyeni tiyang'ane pa mafunso okhudza kukula kwa gerberas, momwe angabzala ndikuwasamalira.
Mitundu yodziwika bwino ya munda wa gerbera
Masiku ano, mitundu 80 ya maluwa okongola ameneŵa amadziwika. Ambiri mwa iwo ndi a mitundu ikuluikulu ya zomera: jerbera ya Jameson ndi tsamba lobiriwira la gerbera. M'nyumba pazenera zamasamba, ndizozoloŵera kukula mitundu yosiyana ya Jamesa gerbera. Mitundu imeneyi imagwiritsidwanso ntchito kupanga maluwa.
Mukudziwa? Mitundu ya Gerbera imasiyanitsidwa ndi mawonekedwe a duwa (kawiri, kawiri-kawiri ndi yosavuta), kutalika kwa peduncle (mpaka theka la mita) ndi mtundu wa pamakhala. Palinso magerberas a buluu.
Otchuka Otchuka: 
- woyera maluwa mitundu ndi masamba aakulu ndi maluwa ndi emerald wobiriwira - Labiloza, Maria, Symphony;
- mitundu yosiyanasiyana yofiira yomwe imayimira mitundu Mars, Romeo, Robin, Alamak;
- Ngati mukufuna kukongoletsa munda wanu ndi wosakhwima pinki inflorescence, ndiye samverani mitundu Aldebaran, Migar, Viola, Vera;
- dzuwa laling'ono ndi losavuta limatha kukula kuchokera ku mitundu Jupiter, Kalinka ndi Malena.
Lamulo la kubzala mbewu pamtunda
Gerbera ikhoza kufalitsidwa pogawanitsa chitsamba kapena mbewu. Kukula gerberas kumunda kungatheke pokhapokha mutagawanitsa chitsamba. Mothandizidwa ndi mbewu, mukhoza kubzala mbande zokha, chifukwa ngati mubzala mbewu nthawi yomweyo, sakhala ndi nthawi yozizira ndikufa.
Yambani kufesa iwo kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April. Zofesedwa mbewu zokonzedwa ndi gawo kapena peat. Kwa nthawi yoyamba, mbande ziyenera kuikidwa mu mini wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo pamene masamba oyambirira akuwoneka, akhoza kuchotsedwa. Nthanga zazikulu zimabzalidwa potseguka pansi mu nyengo yofunda. Ndi njirayi yokha yomwe imatha kukula kuchokera ku mbewu kunyumba.
Mukudziwa? Monga Zowonjezera kutentha zingagwiritsidwe ntchito wamba cellophane - zimaphimba mphika ndi mbewu zofesedwa.
Zowonjezera za munda wamagera
Gerbera amakonda chinyezi ndi kutentha. Kulimbana kwambiri ndi chisanu, duwa ndi chaka chimodzi. Kuti mumvetse momwe mungamere gerberas kunyumba, nkofunika kudziŵa nthawi yomwe kuli bwino kubzala gerbera. Nthaŵi yabwino yobzala maluwa imatha kuganiziridwa pakati pa masika, pamene chisanu chimatha.
Ngati mutabzala maluwa pambuyo pake, mumayesa kuchepetsa nthawi yake yamaluwa. Chofunika kwambiri ndi malo otsetsereka. Ndikofunika kuteteza gerbera kuchokera pazithunzi ndi mphepo zamphamvu. Pulani ndi maluwa ayenera kuyatsa bwino ndi dzuwa tsiku lonse. Kuchokera ku chiwerengero cha dzuwa lachindunji chimadalira kukula ndi maluwa.
Nthaka ya kukula kwa gerbera iyenera kukhala yathanzi komanso yopepuka. Chosakaniza cha peat, mchenga ndi masamba, mungathe kuwonjezera pang'ono mwachisawawa pine makungwa. Mukhoza kugwiritsa ntchito nthaka yapadera ya gerbera kapena nthaka ya maluwa. Gerbera amafunika kuthirira bwino pamapangidwe a mphukira ndi kukula kwa tsamba. Koma mwamsanga pamene maluwa oyambirira akuwonekera, kutsirira kuyenera kuchepetsedwa. Nthawi zonse kuyang'ana mkhalidwe wa nthaka - gerbera salola kuvomereza kapena kuuma kwambiri.
Ndikofunikira! Kuthirira gerbera kumafuna madzi ofunda okha, kuchokera kuzizira akhoza kudwala ndi kuvunda.
Kufalikira kwa gerbera ya munda
Tiyeni tiwone momwe tingafalitsire gerbera kunyumba. Pali njira zitatu: 
- Cuttings. Kuti muchite izi, pazitsamba mumakhala mphukira zazing'ono. Kuti muchite izi, sungani chitsamba, sambani, ndikudula pepala. Kenaka, amaikidwa mu wowonjezera kutentha. Patatha milungu iwiri, kuchokera ku axillary buds, mumapeza mphukira zazing'ono, zomwe kenako zimakhala maziko a cuttings.
- Kusiyana kwa chitsamba. Njirayi ikuonedwa ngati yofunikira. M'chaka amakoka chitsamba ndikuchigawanika mu mphukira, kusiya masamba angapo payekha. Mphukira uliwonse umabzalidwa pansi, kuchoka pamtunda wa sentimita ndi rosette pamwamba.
- Mothandizidwa ndi mbewu kapena mbande yokonzeka. Mukudziwa kale momwe mungabzalitsire gerberas ndi mbewu, koma tiyeni tiyang'ane mwatsatanetsatane. Mbewu isanayambe kubzala ayenera kuthiridwa m'madzi. Mukhoza kuziyika pazitsulo zokhala bwino. Musalole mbewuzo ziume. Pambuyo pa masiku ochepa, mbewu ziyamba kuyamba kulavulira, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mukhoza kuziyika pansi. Chotsatira ndicho kufanana kwa wowonjezera kutentha, ndipo pambuyo pake mbande zabzala pamalo otseguka.
Ntchito ya Gerbera
Ngakhale kuti kutchuka kwa gerbera sikukulira ngati zaka zapitazo, kumagwiritsidwabe ntchito nthawi zambiri. Chomeracho chimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu floristics monga waukulu maluwa, kumanga pafupi ndi zolemba zake zochititsa chidwi ndi bouquets, kapena zoonjezera, kutsindika kukongola kwake ndi kosasinthika bouquets zopangidwa. Maluwa a gerberas ndi abwino kwa mphatso ya mwamuna ndi mkazi. Gerbera imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chinthu chokongoletsera. Zazikulu, zazikulu ndi dengu lapadera la inflorescences losadziwika limasintha chipinda.
Chitsimikizo chopindulitsa cha gerbera ndi fungo losasunthika, zomwe zimakulolani kukula maluwa kunyumba, ngakhale kupweteka ndi asthmatics, mopanda mantha.
Momwe mungapulumutsire maluwa a gerbera odulidwa motalika kwambiri
Kotero kuti gerberas ikhoza kukukondweretsani inu ndi mawonekedwe awo ndi fungo kwa nthawi yaitali, inu mukhoza kuchita zosavuta zosavuta. Choyamba palibe chifukwa chokongoletsa maluwa ndi shears. Izi zidzafalikira zitsulo muzitsulo, zomwe maluwawo sangathe kudyetsedwa bwino ndi madzi.
Pogwiritsa ntchito mpeni, dulani gerbera pambali. Kuti duwa liime kwa nthawi yayitali, muyenera kupanga zimayake mwachidule ngati n'kotheka. Popeza mapesi ali olemera mokwanira, yesetsani kuchita kuti zimayambira sizingatheke pansi. Pachifukwa ichi, mitu ya maluwa sichidzayikakamiza. Pakangopita masiku ochepa, thandizani zowonongeka - izi zidzakupatsani chakudya chabwino ku chomera.
Ngati mumasintha nthawi zonse madzi mumtsuko, gerbera yodulidwa idzakhalapo masiku oposa 20. Panthawi imeneyi, siidzatha ndipo sipadzataya tsamba limodzi. Ngati mumagwiritsa ntchito piritsi pang'ono - onjezerani mapiritsi a aspirin m'madzi - ndiye amatha kuima mosapitirira mwezi.
Momwe nyengo yam'munda yamamera imakhalira
Gerbera chisanu ndi imfa ndithu. Ngati mukufuna kusunga duwa, ndiye kumapeto kwa September muyenera kukumba gerbera. Amakumba limodzi ndi dothi ladothi ndipo nthawi yomweyo amaikidwa mu mphika. Ino ndi nthawi yabwino kwa majeremusi. M'nyengo yozizira, gerbera imayikidwa pamalo ozizira ozizira. Malo okongola a nyengo yozizira adzakhala pansi. Ngati palibe malo osungirako, kenaka ikani maluwa m'malo amdima, ozizira. Mutha kubwereranso kumunda mwamsanga mutangotha kutentha.
Matenda a Gerber ndi Tizilombo
Pa nthawiyi, ndi mazira angati omwe samasintha, samadwala kawirikawiri, ndipo ngati mupeza zizindikiro za matendawa, dziwani kuti mukuzisamalira. Gerbera ikhoza kuwononga matenda a tizilombo ndi fungal.
Ndikofunikira! Gerbera - chomera munda, ndikofunika kuti kubzala ndi kusamalira zinali pamwamba, mwinamwake chomeracho chingadwale ndi kutha.Mwachitsanzo Alternaria, omwe amawoneka ngati mabala ofiira pa masamba. Pochotseratu alternaioz, m'pofunika kugwiritsa ntchito njira zogwiritsira ntchito zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala omwe amapezeka ndi maluwa.
Matenda ena amodzi a gerbera ndi zojambulajambula. Masamba amakhala ndi mawanga obiriwira kapena achikasu. Ngati nthawi isayambe mankhwala, maluwawo amatha kufa. Amatha kupatsira nsabwe za m'masamba. Pofuna chithandizo, njira yothetsera tizilombo imagwiritsidwa ntchito. Maluwa aang'ono amaoneka ngati maonekedwe powdery mildew. Masamba aphimbidwa ndi maluwa oyera. Matendawa amakula mofulumira, masamba amauma ndipo duwa imamwalira. Kuchiza muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito Topaz kapena Readzol.
Grey kuvunda monga powdery mildew, zikuwoneka ngati kugwedezeka pa masamba. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuvunda maluwa, mizu imayamba kuvunda, ndipo imafa. Mukhoza kusunga maluwa mothandizidwa ndi aphunzidwe a Learnzola kapena Roval.
