Ngati mukufuna kusangalatsa nokha ndi nyumba yatsopano, zokoma strawberries, ndiye samalani zosiyanasiyana "Maryshka".
Zimasiyana bwanji ndi mitundu ina, momwe mungasamalirire, kuti mupeze mbewu zathanzi, zazikulu, komanso momwe mungatetezere zomera kuchokera ku tizirombo - zonsezi zingapezekanso m'nkhaniyi.
Malingaliro osiyanasiyana
Mitundu ya sitiroberiyi inalengedwa ndi obereketsa a ku Czech, ndipo ndi a oyambirira oyambirira. Mbali yodabwitsa ya zipatsozo nthawi zonse zimakhala zazikulu za zipatso. Wamaluwa amadzipatula chomera chakumera ndi matenda otentha. Tiyenera kudziwa kuti zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimaperekedwa zimakhala ndi luso lapadera lobala, pogwiritsa ntchito zomwe zingathe kugula tchire chochepa - sitiroberi idzakula mu gawo lokonzekera. 
Zomerazi zakhala zikuyamikiridwa ndi wamaluwa ndi kukoma kwake, komanso maonekedwe obiriwira a zipatso, kotero kuti akhoza kutengeka mosavuta pamtunda wautali wogulitsa - izi sizidzawonekera pa maonekedwe ndi mkhalidwe wa sitiroberi.
Froberries amadziwikanso ngati mitundu yosiyanasiyana: "Asia", "Black Prince", "Crown", "Masha", "Vima Zant".
Mbali ina ya "Maryshki" - malo a mapesi a maluwa. Iwo, monga lamulo, sali pansi pa masamba, koma pamwamba pake, omwe amateteza mbewu ku matenda otheka. Komanso, zimathandiza kwambiri kukolola. Mavitaminiwo sakhala ndi maonekedwe okongola okha, komanso amatha kupsa nthawi yomweyo - amakhala oyenerera kuti anthu azidya tsiku lomwelo.
Zizindikiro za zipatso ndi zipatso
Monga tanena Zipatso "Maryshki" lalikulu - sitiroberi ali ndi kulemera kwa pafupifupi magalamu 50. Mtundu wa zipatso ndi wofiira, wofiira, ndi wachikasu mbewu. Koma mwana wosabadwa alibe mawonekedwe enieni. Izi ndi chifukwa chakuti zipatso zakucha zimagwirizanitsa pamodzi, kotero kuti strawberries amatha kupangidwira.
Makhalidwe abwino a strawberries amadabwa kwambiri: ndi okoma, ofatsa, ndipo nthawi imodzi si madzi, koma amakhala owuma, omwe amachititsanso kusintha kwa transportability. 
Zipatso za Marshki zimamveka ngati nkhalango za nkhalango
Mukudziwa? M'zaka zamkati zapitazi, strawberries (zina zomwe timazitcha strawberries) zinkaonedwa ngati zonyansa, chifukwa zimakula pafupi, choncho zimakhala zoopsa chifukwa cha kukhudza njoka ndi zida.
Pa chitsamba china amatha kukhala ndi zipatso khumi, motero, zokolola zakutchire zili pafupi theka la kilogalamu. Ndi mita imodzi lalikulu mukhoza kutenga zokolola za kilogalamu imodzi ndi theka - popeza chomera chikukula mofulumira, ndi zofunika kuti ikhale ndi malo okwanira ndipo osabzala zoposa zitatu pamtunda umodzi.
Agrotechnics ya kukula ndi kusamalira strawberries
Ubwino wa zosiyanasiyana za strawberries ndi zochuluka, koma ndibwino kukumbukira kuti kupeza zokolola zabwino kumangokhala mlimi mmodzi yemwe amayang'anitsitsa chomeracho. Pachifukwa ichi, "Maryshka" sichimayambitsa mavuto ambiri, koma tidzakuuzani za malamulo oyambirira odzala ndi kusamalira tchire.
Onani mitundu yabwino kwambiri ya lalikulu strawberries.
Kusankhidwa kwa mbande
Kawirikawiri chifukwa cha matenda ambiri kapena kufota kwa zomera ndi kusakhoza kusankha zinthu zobzala. Choncho, imalimbikitsidwa kuti amvetsere maonekedwe a mbande - kubzala, kutenga omwe amawoneka olimba kwambiri. Koma zofooka, zowonongeka kapena zizindikiro za matenda, mbande ziyenera kupewedwera, chifukwa sizikuwoneka kuti zingathe kukulirani ndi kukubweretsani zina zokolola.
VIDEO: MMENE MUNGASANKHE MBEWU YA SEEDLANDS Mizu ya msinkhu iyenera kukhala osachepera 7 masentimita, ndipo kukula kwa mizu ya mizu iyenera kukhala yaikulu kuposa 6 mm - zizindikiro izi zimakhala ndi mbande zathanzi.
Ndibwino kuti musayambe kubzala zinthu zomwe zili ndi zolakwika ngati masamba owazidwa kapena mawanga oyera pa masamba. Tsamba labwino lili ndi mtundu wa emerald wolemera.
Zomwe amangidwa
Ndifunikanso malo omwe mukukonzekera kukula zipatso zabwino. "Maryshka" amasankha malo osatsegula, opanda zomera zapafupi pafupi - mitengo ndi zitsamba, zomwe zimapangitsa mthunzi pa strawberries. Mitengo ndi yofunika kwambiri kuti kuwala kwa dzuwa, komwe kunabzalidwa mumthunzi, imapereka mbewu zing'onozing'ono, ndipo kukoma kwa zipatso sikungakhale kosangalatsa.
Ndikofunikira! Ndizosayenera kukhala pafupi ndi tomato, eggplant, mbatata, tsabola ndi mbewu zina zowonjezera pafupi ndi "maryshka". Zonsezi zikhoza kukhala zonyamulira zowonongeka ndipo kenako zimadwala sitiroberi ndi matendawa.
Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka kungawononge thanzi la mbeu, choncho sankhani malo omwe amatetezedwa ku kusefukira kwa mbande. Zitsamba zimatha kupangira nthaka yonyowa kapena mchenga ukhoza kupangidwa kuteteza strawberries kuchokera ku imvi yovunda.
Nthaka ndi feteleza
Momwemo, dothi loamy ndiloyenera "Maryshki", momwe acidity ili mkati mwa 5.5-6. Musanadzale mbande, m'pofunika kuti mumere nthaka.
Ngati mukufuna kudzala "Maryshka" m'chaka, chithandizo cha nthaka chiyenera kuchitika mothandizidwa ndi organic ndi mineral fertilizers.
Pamalo a mita imodzi lalikulu muyenera zofunika izi:
- humus - chidebe cha theka;
- potaziyamu kloridi - magalamu 20;
- superphosphate - 60 magalamu.
Kudyetsa "Maryshki" ayenera kupangidwa chaka chachiwiri mutabzala mbande. Pachifukwachi, yankho limakonzedwa mothandizidwa ndi mullein (gawo limodzi) ndi madzi (magawo 4-5).
Ndikofunikira! Kukonzekera kwa nthaka kwa kubzala kwa masika kumayenera kuchitika m'miyezi ya m'dzinja, komanso kwa autumn, motero, m'chaka.
Froberries sizingakhale zokoma zokoma zokha, komanso zokongoletsera za chiwembu chanu, ngati mumapanga mphasa kapena piramidi.
Mukhoza kuchiika ndi nitrophoska - supuni imodzi yokha ya feteleza imafunikira 10 malita a madzi. Madzi tchire kamodzi pa masiku khumi ndi okonzeka yankho. M'pofunika kuchita izi mu April, mpaka maluwa awonekere pa tchire. Izi zikadzachitika, kudya sitiroberi kuyenera kuyima.
Kuthirira ndi chinyezi
Mukudziwa kale kuti chinyezi chokwanira chingawononge pang'ono "Maryshka", koma zosiyanazi sizokhazikitsa chilala. Kuthirira strawberries kuyenera kuperekedwa mwapadera - ndizofunika komanso nthawi ya kuthirira, komanso kutentha kwa madzi.
Mlungu woyamba mutabzala muyenera kuthirira tchire tsiku lililonse. Pa mita imodzi yokhala yomwe mungayesedwe kuchokera malita awiri kapena atatu a madzi. Pakatha sabata lachiwiri mutabzala, nkofunika kuchepetsa kutuluka kwa madzi kumtunda ndi kuthirira strawberries kamodzi kokha masiku asanu ndi awiri. Mulimonsemo, inu mumakhala ndi chiopsezo chogonjetsa chomeracho ndi chinyezi, chifukwa chaichi chidzadwala. Nthawi zambiri ulimi wa ulimi wothirira umakhala wotentha nthawi yachisanu, m'chilimwe, kutentha, chomeracho chiyenera kuthiriridwa kamodzi pa masiku atatu, ndipo kutentha kumatha tsiku lililonse. Ndi bwino kuchita izi m'mawa oyambirira kapena madzulo, mochedwa.
Ndikofunikira! Kutentha kwa madzi kwa ulimi wothirira kumafunika kutentha, osati kuzizira mulimonsemo. Kuwonjezera apo, ndi zofunika kusungira madzi pasadakhale - kutsanulira mu chidebe kuti mukhale ndi nthawi yoperekera bwino.
Kupaka ulimi wothirira wa strawberries Pambuyo pokhala ndi nthaka ndi madzi, mukhoza kufesa udzu ndi kulima panthaka.
Kugwirizana kwa kutentha
Zomwe zimaperekedwa zosiyanasiyana zimalimbikitsa kutentha kwa mpweya, koma ziyenera kufotokozedwa kuti sizili zoyenera kumadera akummwera - Siberia ndi Mitsinje. Koma nyengo yowonongeka, ma strawberries amamva bwino ndipo amatha kuchepetsa kutaya ndi kuzizira.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti mudziwe bwino mitundu yabwino ya strawberries, yomwe ili yoyenera kukula ku Siberia.
Kubalanso ndi kubzala
Chofunika kwambiri chobzala mbande ndi kutentha kwa dothi. Ndikofunika kuti iye azitha kutenthetsa masentimita 5-6. Pa chifukwa chimenechi, kubzala strawberries kumapeto kwa April kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa April kapena kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa May, osati kale. Kudyetsa kwadzinja kumafunika pasanafike September.
Musanayambe kumera mmera, mizu yake imayenera kuthandizidwa ndi yankho. Pa kukonzekera kwake mudzafunika lita imodzi ya madzi ndi magalamu asanu a "Agatha 25K". Yotsirizirayi ingasinthidwe ndi magalamu 15 a "Humate K". Potsatira njirayi, sungani rhizome ya mbande.
Kukula kwa strawberry kumachitika m'njira zinayi:
- Kusindikiza manja Ndi njira iyi, mbande ziwiri kapena zitatu zimayikidwa mu dzenje limodzi kamodzi. Ndikofunika kuti mubzala zitsamba kuti mukhale mtunda pakati pawo - pafupifupi masentimita 50. Njirayi ndi yokongola chifukwa zimakhala zophweka kwa wamaluwa kuti athetse nyerere zambiri pamtunda, ndipo mbewu zimakula nthawi zambiri zazikulu komanso zotsekemera, chifukwa chomera chimatentha kwambiri. Kuipa kwa njira iyi ndikofunikira kusamalila mosamala nthaka yomwe sitiroberi ikukula - tidzasowa udzu, kumasula ndi kukulitsa nthaka nthawi zambiri.
- Mizere. Njirayi imapereka kutalika kwa mtunda wokhala pakati pa masentimita 20, pakati pa mizere yomwe mukufunikira kuchoka pafupi theka la mita.
- Chisa. Kukula chisa cha sitiroberi, mufunika mbande zisanu ndi ziwiri. Ikani chimodzi mwa izo pakati, pangani zina zisanu ndi chimodzi. Pachifukwa ichi, mtunda wa pakati pa mbande zonse ukhale pafupifupi masentimita asanu. Nthiti ziyenera kuikidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 30 kuchokera kwa mzake, ngati ziri mu mzere womwewo. Mpiringidzo uyenera kukhala pafupifupi masentimita 40.
- Chophimba. Chofunika kwambiri chokhazikitsa ndi kubzala kubzala. Popeza "Maryshka" ikukula bwino, posakhalitsa sitimapulosi ya sitiroberi imapangidwa pa tsamba. Njira iyi ndi yabwino ngati simungathe kusamalira zomera nthawi zonse. Chosavuta cha njira iyi ndi kuchepa pang'onopang'ono mu zokolola za tchire.
Onani zochitika za kubzala strawberries m'chaka ndi m'dzinja.
Zingakhale zovuta kukula
Ngakhale woyamba munda sangakhale ndi mavuto ena ndi izi zosiyanasiyana. Ndikofunika kumvetsera zonse zomwe zimapanga kukula kwa strawberries, zitsatireni nawo ndipo musaiwale kusamalira zomera panthawi yake.
Mukudziwa? Kutchulidwa koyamba kwa strawberries kumapezeka kumapeto kwa zaka za I-II BC, ndiyeno inali mtengo wa zothandiza katundu, ndipo osati kukoma.Cholakwika chokha chimene alimi wamaluwa amatha kupanga ndicho kuthetsa madzi "Maryshka" kotero kuti tchire tipeze chinyezi chokwanira, koma sichikulemetsa.
Tizilombo, matenda ndi kupewa
Chinthu chimodzi mwa ubwino wa mitundu yosiyanasiyanayi ndi kukana matenda ambiri. Komabe, musasangalale - chisamaliro choyenera cha chomera sichinachotsedwe. Ndipotu, chifukwa chake mumatha kupewa kupezeka kwa strawberries ndi matenda ochepa omwe, "Maryshki" sagwirizana.
Chimodzi mwa matendawa ndi bowa. Pofuna kupewa, musanadzale mbande pansi, zikani mitsuko yotsatirayi: mkuwa sulphate (gawo limodzi) ndi soda (magawo 6). Ma lita khumi a madzi adzafuna magalamu 30 a osakaniza awa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito sulphate yamkuwa m'munda muyenera kudziwa zotsatira za poizoni ndi mankhwalawa.
Matenda ena omwe mungakumane nawo pamene mukukula "Maryshki" ndi wofiira mizu yovunda. 
Pali nthenda yotereyi chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwa chinyezi m'nthaka, kuthirira mopitirira muyeso kapena kusowa kwa dzuwa. Kuteteza tchire kuchokera ku mzuzi wofiira kuvunda mbande ndi ofooka njira ya fungicides. Mbeu zowonjezera kale zimalimbikitsidwa kuyendera tsiku ndi tsiku, kuti muwone kusintha kwa maonekedwe a chitsamba nthawi ndi kuchotsa baka zowononga nthawi. Izi zidzalepheretsa kufalikira kwa matendawa.
Koma zowonongeka, ndiye "Maryshka" ali ndi nkhupakupa. Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda monga weevil, whitefly ndi sitiroberi zingathetsedwe ngati zomera zikugwiridwa ndi Karbofos. Kupanga bwino kumachitika bwino pa tsiku louma, lopanda mphamvu. Kutentha nthawi ya processing sikuyenera kukhala pamwamba +15 ° C. 
Kuphatikizira, tikhoza kunena kuti sitiroberi zosiyanasiyana "Maryshka" ndi yabwino kwa woyang'anira munda komanso wochita masewera kapena oyamba. Chinthu chokha chimene chiyenera kuchitidwa kuti chikhale chokoma, chokolola chokoma ndicho kutsatira malangizo osavuta ndi kusaiwala kuti chomera chirichonse chimafuna chisamaliro.
Ndemanga
Zosiyana siyana zoyambirira, pansi pa chivundikiro mosavuta zimapita ku mzere womaliza pamodzi ndi mitundu yoyambirira. Chitsamba chiri chochepa, chogwirana.
Nthawi zambiri imatchedwa mabulosi okoma kwambiri komanso owopsa kwambiri.
Mabulosiwa amakhala makamaka osakanikirana, osakanikirana. Nthawi zina pamakhala mawonekedwe akuluakulu (pafupifupi).
Mbeu za mpendadzuwa pamwamba pake zimakhala zachikasu pamoto, pamtunda wa zipatso zimakhala ndi timango tawo, choncho nthawi zambiri, ngakhale atakhala okongola, nsongayi ili ndi greening tinge.
Berry amapindula shuga mu nyengo iliyonse. Ngati wina angakhoze kuyembekezera mtundu wa burgundy wa zipatso - kukoma kwake sikungatheke. Mwiniwake, ndimamva zipatso za mitundu yosiyana kwambiri ndi momwe zimakhalira ndi nkhalango zakutchire.
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana imagonjetsedwa ndi matenda ovuta. Amalekerera kutentha bwino, ngakhale kuti sakhala madzi kwa nthawi yaitali.
Sindikudziwa momwe zipatsozo zidzakhalira. Ngati palibe madzi okwanira nthawi yakucha.
