Mitengo ya mkungudza yobiriwira, maini, ma spruces, mitengo ya juniper imafunika kukonzedwa kochepa. Koma amatha kutembenukira chikaso, kuphimbidwa ndi utoto woyera. Pazaka zambiri zaulimi, adaphunzira kuchiza matenda onse amitengo yamitengo. Mutha kusunga mawonekedwe okongoletsa a singano ngati mutakhazikitsa bwino zomwe zimapangitsa kuwonongeka kwa mbewu.
Matenda akuluakulu azokongoletsa za conifers
Malangizo a singano amayamba kutembenukira chikaso pazifukwa zosiyanasiyana. Chapakatikati, kuchokera padzuwa lowala, kuwotcha kumachitika, mkuwa umawoneka. Matenda ofala amatengera matenda oyamba ndi fungus. Dzimbiri nthawi zambiri limawoneka pamtengo wa paini, juniper amakhudzidwa. Kuchokera kumatulutsa omwe amachitika panthambi, spores imasamutsidwa kwa currants, mapeyala. Fusarium, cytosporosis, fomosis amatengedwa ngati matenda owopsa. Thuja akudwala. Zolakwika zimapezeka pakhungwa, panthambi. Singano zikuyamba kuda ndikuyamba kugwa.
Mitengo yakale, yokongoletsedwa imatha kutenga matenda. Pali mitundu ya ma conifers omwe amalimbana ndi matenda a fungus. Koma satetezeka ku kuukira kwa mbozi. Pali lingaliro limodzi lokha: abweretsa zodabwitsa nthawi zonse pamalowo; njira zophunzirira zolimbana ndi matenda ndi tizirombo.
Matenda osagwiritsa ntchito a conifers komanso njira zoyenera kuthetsedwera
Chesa Ma radiation a dzuwa ndi owopsa makamaka pamitengo yaying'ono. Chophimba cha chipale chofewa chimanyezimira ma ray, chimathandizira kutuluka kwa chinyontho. Mizu yomwe ili m'dothi lozizira satha kulipirira zomwe zawonongeka. Kutuluka kwa sap kumayambira pamene dothi limatentha mpaka + 4 ° C, kutenthaku mizu idagona. Achinyamata a conifere obzalidwa kuphukira amatha kufa ndi kutentha. Pine wanga wachichepere wamwalira, sitinakhalako nyengo yachisanu. Ndinaona kuti kunyezimira kochokera kuma greenhouse, mawindo a nyumba, madenga ofiira amakhala ngati magalasi. Ngati mawanga a bulauni kapena achikasu amawoneka pa korona, muyenera kuyang'ana komwe kuwala kowala kumachokera.
Njira zodzitetezera ku dzuwa lamasika:
- Kudulira kumathandiza mitengo yaying'ono - nthambi zake zimakhala zothinitsidwa kwambiri kuchokera ku sprayer kapena sprayer m'munda.
- Mutha kutaya kapena kuwaza pazinthu zazing'ono pamitengo yaying'ono kasupe kapena nthawi yophukira. Idzateteza ku dzuwa lowala ndi mphepo yowuma.
- Kufalikira padziko lapansi lakuda kapena phulusa pa chipale chofewa, "amayamba" njira yosungunuka ndi matalala, mizu imayamba kuyamwa.
Mukabzala mitengo, ndikofunikira kusungabe kukhulupirika kwa mizu yonyowa. Mbewu zikagula m'miphika, zimayamba bwino. Mitengo ya payini imakhala yolimba kwambiri kuti ikasokere; Chochititsa chidwi kwambiri ndi mitengo yankhalango. Amadwala nthawi yayitali, ndikofunikira kuti mumvulitse mumtambo zaka zitatu zoyambirira. Kuyambira pa junipers, ndimalangiza mitundu "Skyrocket", "Blualps" (Cossack).
Zomwe zimayambitsa chikasu cha singano:
- Kuvulala kwa mtengo wamakina kumachitika chifukwa cha katundu wa chipale chofewa, kuwonongeka kwa zinyama.
- Mizu wosakhwima imadziwika ndi mbande yofooka, ndibwino kuti nthawi yomweyo musankhe chodzala bwino.
- Ndi matalala olimba obwerera ndi kusungunuka kwa matalala, ming'alu yokhayo, iyenera kuyesedwa, kusungidwa ndi ming'alu.
- M'malo osefukira, madzi osasinthika amasokoneza kukula kwa mizu, amasintha acidity nthaka.
Mankhwala a Bioactive amalimbikitsa kukana kwa ma conifers ku zotupa zosapatsirana:
- Cornevin (imalimbikitsa kukula kwa mizu)
- Super humisol - chisakanizo chophatikizira cha zinthu zina ndi mchere;
- Zircon - zovuta kuchitapo kanthu;
- Siliplant ndi feteleza wokhala ndi ma silicon okhala ndi michere yambiri.
Kuvala koyenera panthawi yoyenera kumalimbitsa chitetezo chazomera, sizichedwa kutentha, kumera msanga.
Matenda opatsirana a conifers: kupewa ndi kuchiza
Matenda oyamba ndi zikhalidwe pazikhalidwe zonse amathandizidwa chimodzimodzi, pogwiritsa ntchito njira zopewera zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, timathandizanso othandizira ku Bordeaux. Ngati mbewuyo ikadwala, pitani kukagula mankhwala. Ndikofunikira kukhazikitsa chomwe chayambitsa chilondacho molondola kuti mudziwe njira yomwe mungathere.
Ndiyamba ndi nthenda yozizira ya Schütte, fungus imayamba pansi pa chisanu, pomwe 0 ° C. Zizindikiro zimawonekera kumapeto kwa chilimwe kapena chilimwe. Malinga ndi malongosoledwe, matendawa siofanana ndi matenda ena oyamba ndi mafangasi, amawoneka ngati singano:
- chala chakuda;
- madontho ang'ono.
Singano zimachita khungu kapena kutembenukira chikasu, zimagwa.
Njira zoyendetsera:
- msuzi wa sulfure-laimu - katatu mu chirimwe;
- ndi kukonzekera kwa Abiga-Peak ndi HOM, chithandizo chachiwiri ndi chokwanira.
Onetsetsani kuti mwathira dothi lakuya masentimita 5.
Dzimbiri ndi lofanana ndi kuwonongeka kwa mitengo yazipatso. Njira zachikhalidwe: mankhwalawa ndi kukonzekera zamkuwa.
Pine trophy imawonetsedwa ndi kupindika kwa mphukira. Kutupa kwa mtundu wachikasu- lalanje kumawonekera. Mankhwala, mukufunikira Fundazol, chithandizo chachiwiri ndi chokwanira.
Fusariosis imamera m'nthaka mizu ya pine, spruce, larch, fir, ikakhala yonyowa kwambiri. Gawo lapakati la korona limagumuka.
Amanyamula ngalande, kugwiritsa ntchito "Fitosporin", "Alirina" kuthandizira kutsitsimutsa mitengo, imatembenukiranso kubiriwira ngati nthambi zilibe nthawi yoti ziume.
Alternariosis ndiyowopsa kwa a junipers, thujas ikukula mumthunzi. Malo amtundu wakuda, amtundu wakuda amafalikira singano. Nthata zomwe zakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa. Zochizira za conifers, mankhwala ophatikizana ndi mkuwa wa sulfate kapena celandine amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Mafangayi amayenera kupanikizidwa mpaka nthawi yophukira.
Bacteriosis imadziwika ndi kudula singano, imayamba kutha kuchokera pakukhudza kowala. Matendawa samachiritsidwa. Popewa, chithandizo chikuchitika ndi Fitosporin.
Khansa ya biorell ndiyowopsa chifukwa imalowetsa nkhuni. Matenda akayamba, mtundu wa khungwa laling'onolo limasandulika, limakhala bulauni, kenako nkukhalapo, kumwalira. Zilonda zazitali zazitali, zimakutidwa ndi zotumphukira za fungus.
Pang'onopang'ono, mtengowo umafa, singano zimasanduka chikasu, zimatha. Mankhwala, chithandizo chachitatu chikufunika pakapita masabata awiri. Ndikofunika kunyowetsa nthaka bwino ndikukonzekera.
Tizilombo ta conifers tidziletsa ndi kuwongolera njira
Ndikofunika kuthandiza mitengo kumayambiriro kwa nyengo yachisanu, chisanu chikasungunuka, masana kutentha kwa mpweya kumakwera mpaka +6 ° C. Ngati mankhwalawo amachitika mu kugwa, ndiye kuti simungathe kuchotsa tizirombo ndi matenda, tizilombo timakonzekera hibernation, kukwera m'makona otetezedwa. Ndimaliza mankhwala molingana ndi malangizo, nthawi zonse ndimagwiritsa ntchito zida zodzitetezera ndikagwira ntchito.
Tsopano za tizilombo tomwe tiyenera kumenyedwa, ndi momwe tingachitire:
Fir, mkungudza komanso pine wamba, spruce, larch nthawi zina amatenga kachilombo ka kufalitsa ma hermes, amatchedwanso pine aphid. Kutsimikiza kwa tizilombo kumakhala kosavuta chifukwa cha mawonekedwe oyera.
Tizilombo touluka tomwe tili ndi mapiko owonekera bwino timamera mpaka 2,5 mm, mtundu wake ndi wobiriwira, woderapo, wakuda ndi imvi. Ma Hermes okhala ndi timiyala tating'ono timayamwa timadziti kuchokera kwa mphukira zazing'ono.
Njira yabwino yothetsera matenda a hermes ndi Pinocide yachilengedwe yonse, kuchuluka kwa njira yothandizira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya tizilombo kukufotokozedwamo.
Tizilombo ta kachilomboka kamagwa m'nkhalangomo, ngati malowa ndi akutali kwambiri ndi nkhalangoyi, sayenera kuopanso kachilomboka. Chikumbu chimayikira mazira pansi pa khungwa, zotchingira njuchi. Mphutsi zakuda zimafika pa 15 mm kutalika, kupitiriza ntchito ya makolo awo, kukumba okha malo okhala.
Pambuyo nthawi yachisanu, mphutsi ndi kachilomboka zikutuluka, nthawi yakupweteka. Ndikulimbikitsidwa kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala amtumbo wamatumbo.
Sawmill pines ofiira, wamba owopsa. Kunja, tizilombo timafanana ndi njuchi, zazing'ono zochepa kukula. Kulakwa kumachitika mu khungwa. Mbuto zobiriwira zobiriwira sizingasiyanike ndi singano zazing'ono. Nthambi zouma zikaoneka, zimathandizidwa ndi izi:
- Spark Double Effect (njira yothandiza kwambiri);
- Golden Spark (yalimbikitsidwapo mipanda yamkungudza);
- Senpai - tizilombo toyambitsa matenda padziko lonse;
- Alatar ndi mankhwala osokoneza bongo ovuta.
Mbozi zabodzizo za kambuku wobiriwira m'munda mwathu sizinawoneke ngakhale kamodzi, zikuvulaza mliri. Awa ndi mbozi zazing'ono zomwe zili ndi mikwingwirima yosiyanasiyana, mutu wofiirira. Amakhala nthawi yozizira pakhungwa, m'malo a nthambi, pansi pa singano. Ndikofunikira kukonza magawo onse a mbewu, kuti muchepetse nthaka yabwino. Ndikwabwino kutola singano kwathunthu ndikudzaza mulch m'malo mwake.
Zikopa zabodza zimakonda juniper, thuja, yew. Izi ndi tizilombo okhala ndi chipolopolo cholimba. Akazi amakhala ndi mawonekedwe ozungulira, amuna amakhala ndi mawonekedwe. Mphutsi zamiyendo ndizowopsa. Amangofalikira pamwamba pa korona. "Fufanon" kapena "Iskra-M" acaricides ndi othandiza pakulimbana nawo.
Kangaudeyu amagwetsa nsapato nthawi yomweyo, chithunzi choterocho chimakonda. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono timagwira ntchito kwambiri masiku otentha. Ndimagwiritsa ntchito motsutsana ndi Mafunso Chongani, Fufano, "Karbofos.
Pine silkworm - mphutsi za agulugufe a motley okhala ndi mapiko otalika kwa masentimita 7-8. Makatani amawoneka koyambirira kwamapeto, kumapeto kwa June mungathe kuwona pupae mumsewu wapakati. Mphutsi kumata pa bark pa mphukira zazing'ono, nthambi ziuma. Mankhwala oyambira ndi Bordeaux fluid amathandiza kusunga conifers.
Mitengo yobiriwira nthawi zonse ilinso ndi mavuto ena, koma ndiwofalikira pamadera otentha.
