Blueberries ndi mabulosi abwino kwambiri, wathanzi komanso opatsa thanzi. Amasangalala kudya yaiwisi, kuwonjezera ku yogurt, oatmeal ndi mavitamini, kupanga kupanikizana, madzi ndi zokonzekera zina. Ena amakonda kusonkhanitsa m'nkhalango, ndipo alimi odziwa bwino amalima bwino tchire pamtunda wawo. Chirichonse chokhudza blueberries, kukula ndi kusamalira izo kenako m'nkhani yathu.
Malangizo oti asankhe kubzala
Zopindulitsa zabwino zobzala ndizitsamba ziwiri kapena zitatu ndi clod ya padziko pa mizu, yomwe imayenera kukhala yonyowa pokhala musanadzalemo.
Malangizo obzala buluu m'munda
Bilberry ndi chomera chamatabwa, choncho ndi kofunika kuti izi zikhale zofanana panyumba, panthawi yobzala ndi kusamalira. 
Nthawi yabwino yofika pakhomo
Mukhoza kubzala blueberries mu autumn kapena masika. Nthaŵi yabwino yobzala imatengedwa kuti ndi October ndi November (kuyambira).
Kusankha malo pa tsamba la blueberries
Malo achilengedwe a kukula kwa blueberries ndi nkhalango ya pine, kotero kuti kulima blueberries mu dziko kumafunika kuteteza chinyezi chokwanira ndi momwe asidi amachitira nthaka. Maluwa a blueberries amakula bwino dzuwa, mmalo mwa mthunzi, komanso kutentha kwa nthaka sikofunika kwa iwo.
Ndikofunikira! Kuphatikizidwa kwa blueberries, lingonberries, ericas ndi rhododendron m'mapangidwe a malo amagwiritsidwa ntchito pokonzekera minda ya alpine.
Ntchito yokonzekera pawebusaiti
Nthaka yamaluwa ya mtundu wa blueberries si yabwino, mkhalidwe wosagwirizana, iyo idzakhala ya chikasu ndipo ikhoza kufa, choncho nthaka iyenera kukonzekera. Izi ziyenera kuchitidwa pasanakhale: ngati mukukonzekera kuti mufike mu Oktoba, ndiye kuti zonsezi ziyenera kupangidwa pasanathe September. Pa chitsamba chilichonse timapanga dzenje 1.5 mamita 1.5 m'lifupi ndi 0.6 mamita kwambiri Ngati dothi lili lowala, kokwanira kuika zikopa, kukonzera khitchini, utukuta, makungwa opundulidwa kapena masamba olowera mu chiwerengero cha 2: 1. Sulfure (150-250 g pa sq. M) amachulukitsa nthaka kwambiri. Mu dothi lolemera yonjezerani mchenga wa mtsinje. Musanadzalemo nthaka m'thumba muyenera kuthetsa.
Mukudziwa? Blueberries ndi chomera chabwino cha uchi. Buluu uchi ndi zonunkhira kwambiri, uli ndi kukoma kokoma ndi pabuka tinge.
Zokwanira zogwira pansi
Ngati mukufuna kubzala baka buluu mumzere umodzi, mtunda wa pakati pa tchire ukhale 1.5 mamita. Kudzala mizere iwiri, tisiyeni mamita 2.5 pakati pa tchire Musanabzala buluu, mizu ya mbande imayenera kuwongoledwa ndipo nthaka imasulidwa. M'nthaka yokonzedwa, timapanga dzenje molingana ndi kukula kwa muzu, kuziwaza, kubzala chitsamba ndikuchiphimba ndi nthaka. Dziko lapansi lozungulira chomera liyenera kuwerengedwera ndi kuthirira.
Mukudziwa? Dzina la bilberry ndi Vaccinium myrtillus. Dzina lachibadwa limachokera ku liwu lachilatini lakuti "ng'ombe" ("vacca"), chifukwa masamba a mitundu ina ali oyenerera zodyetsa zinyama, ndi ena - kuchokera ku mawu akuti "myrtus" ("myrtus") chifukwa cha kufanana kwa blueberries ndi mchisiti wawung'ono.
Malamulo azisamalidwe ka nyengo yamaluwa a blueberries
Pamene mukusamalira munda wa blueberries ndizofunikira monga kuthirira, kupalira, kusula nthaka, kukulitsa, kudulira.
Momwe mungaphunzitsire madzi okwanira
Blueberries amafunika madzi okwanira nthawi zonse, koma osati ochuluka kwambiri. Kuchuluka kwa chinyezi kungayambitse matenda.
Kubzala ndi kumasula nthaka
Mitsinje ya buluu imapezeka pamtunda, choncho pafupi ndi chitsamba chimasulidwa ndi kuchenjeza kwambiri, mpaka pang'ono (pafupifupi 3 cm).
Udindo wa mulch
Mulch amathandiza kuchepetsa nthawi zambiri kumasula, kusunga chinyezi m'nthaka, kumenyana ndi namsongole, komanso m'chilimwe salola kuti dothi likhale lopitirira. Ndi bwino kuika pansi pafupi ndi chomeracho, popanda kutseka khosi, ndi wosanjikiza wa masentimita 10 ndipo umasakaniza ndi nthaka. Chinthu china chabwino cha mulch ndichokuyeretsa kakhitchini. Popanda mphamvu, mungagwiritse ntchito udzu ndi masamba ogwa.
Momwe tingachitire kavalidwe
Blueberries adzakuthokozani chifukwa cha kukolola kwakukulu ngati muwadyetsa bwino. Manyowa a feteleza m'munda wa bilberry akhoza kukhala manyowa, kompositi kapena mapepala a peat. Zaka 2-3 zilizonse zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamwamba pa nthaka pa mlingo wa 3-4 makilogalamu pa mita imodzi. Kuchokera ku feteleza zamchere, superphosphate, ammonium superphosphate, ndi potaziyamu magnesia amagwiritsidwa ntchito. Phosphosite ya nthaka (pH pamwamba pa 5.0), sulfure yamphongo (50-60 g) imawonjezeka pachaka pansi pa chitsamba chilichonse. Ndi mulching wapamwamba, njirayi ndiyotheka.
Ndikofunikira! Zaka zingapo, ndi bwino kuyang'ana momwe nthaka ikuyendera. Izi zimachitika mothandizidwa ndi pepala la litmus: amaletsa nthaka yonyowa ndi kuyembekezera kusintha kwa mtundu. PH yabwino ya blueberries ndi 3.8.
Kudulira zolemba
Kulima bwino munda wa buluu sikungatheke popanda kudulira, monga tchire kwambiri. Kudulira bwino kumachitika bwino kumayambiriro kwa masika, pamene blueberries sizinalowe mu siteji ya mphukira kutupa. Kudulira kanthawi kochepa pa maluwa kungapangitse zokolola zochepa. Ngati mukuika zitsamba zomwe zili zoposa zaka zitatu, mutabzala, nthambi ziyenera kudulidwa pamtunda wa masentimita 20 kuti chomera chikhale ndi mphukira zabwino. Pamene chitsamba chifika msinkhu wa zaka 3-4, chimafunika kudulira nthawi zonse. Kasamba wathanzi ali ndi nthambi 6-8, nthambi zonse zowonongeka, zowuma kapena matenda ziyenera kuchotsedwa. Mbali imatuluka ndi masamba amachotsedwanso, zipatso zochepa zimapangidwira ndipo zimabala nthawi yayitali. Mitengo yakale yodutsa zaka zoposa 15 ikulimbikitsidwa kuti muzitha kudulira kudulira kwa kutalika kwa masentimita 20. Izi zidzakuthandizani kuti mukhale ndi zokolola. 
Mukudziwa? Mumudzi wa Transcarpathian wa Guklyny pali chombo chokha cha blueberries ku Ukraine, kapena ya yafina, monga iwo amazitcha izo mu zigawo izi. Mzindawu uli pakati pa zigwa za mapiri a Borzhava, kumene kuli "minda yamabuluu".
Kuteteza tizilombo ndi matenda
Pofuna kuteteza zomera ku tizirombo ndi matenda, nkofunika kusonkhanitsa ndi kuwotcha masamba osagwa, kuti tipeze tchire nthawi zonse.
Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwa masamba a masamba a bilberry, tchire amachiritsidwa ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda, ndipo amathiridwa ndi Bordeaux madzi kuchokera ku chishango. Miskosferelioz imakhudza masamba a buluu, kupanga mawanga owopsa. Chomeracho chimapulidwa ndi yankho la "Topsina" kapena "Somazole" (2 g pa 1 l madzi). Kuwonekera kwa mawanga ofiira pa masamba kumatanthauza kuti chomeracho chimagwidwa ndi dzimbiri, njira yowononga ndiyo kugwiritsa ntchito yapadera anti-dzimbiri fungicides. Gray nkhungu akhoza kuwononga mbewu ya zipatso. Polimbana nalo, chomeracho chimaphatidwa ndi njira yothetsera zakumwa za Bordeaux: nthawi yoyamba - maluwa asanafike, yachiwiri - pambuyo, yachitatu - masabata angapo. Amagwiritsanso ntchito fungicides ("Topsin", "Fundazol", "Euparin").
Mukudziwa? Nyimbo ya Audrey Hepburn ya Oscar ku filimuyo "Chakudya cha Tiffany" chinali nyimbo "Moon River" ("Moon River"). Pali mizere mkati mwake: "Tikutsatira utawaleza, mnzanga wodabwitsa, Mtsinje wa Mwezi ndi ine" mnzanga weniweni, mwezi ndi ine. " Mawu oti "bwenzi loponyedwa" amatanthauza "buluu bwenzi." Mlembi wa nyimboyi, Johnny Mercer, adakumbukira zozizwitsa za ubwana wake, pamene iye ndi abwenzi ake adasonkhanitsa blueberries pamtsinje.
Kukolola ndi kusungirako
Mabulosi amtunduwu amakololedwa kuyambira pakati pa mwezi wa June mpaka kumayambiriro kwa September. Pamene zipatso zimapsa moyenera, zimatengedwa pakapita masiku asanu ndi limodzi. Kusonkhanitsa ndibwino kuti musatenge thumba, koma chidebe cha pulasitiki. Zipatso zimasankha mdima, buluu-wofiira ndi peel lonse. Pofuna kuthyola mabulosi kuchokera ku tsinde, muyenera kupyolera mwa iwo, mokhala ndi manja awiri.
Kusonkhanitsa zipatso, mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mgwirizano wapaderadera. Zikuwoneka ngati zovuta, zopangidwa ndi thupi ndi chogwirira. Pansi pa thupi liri ndi "chisa" cha ndodozo. Pofuna kuteteza zipatso kuti zisagwe, pali chitseko cholowera kutsogolo kwa chipangizocho. Mankhwalawa amakula mofulumira ndipo amawunikira njira yokolola, koma masamba akhoza kulowa mkati ndi zipatso. Ngati chophatikizacho chikupanga kapena chokhala chosavuta, chikhoza kuwononga chitsamba. Otsitsa obwezera maberry ndi injini ya mafuta ndi pomp ndi malonda.
Chipangizo chophweka chingamangidwe kuchokera ku payipi ndi mapulasitiki ochiritsira. Timayika payipi pamphuno, ndikuchepetsanso mapeto. Zipatso zimaponyedwa mu pulasitiki, kudzera mu phula, zimagwera mu ndowa.
Kuwonjezera pa zipatso, masamba a buluu amakololedwanso. Mu May, pamene ma blueberries amayamba kuphuka, osadula maluwa amawombera ndi masamba obiriwira kapena masamba ena amadulidwa ndi lumo ndi zouma. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito monga mankhwala ndi hemostatic, astringent, urinary ndi choleretic, kulimbitsa mphamvu.
Zopindulitsa zambiri zingapezeke kuchokera ku blueberries. Pa kutentha kwa zero, akhoza kusungidwa kwa milungu isanu ndi umodzi. Kuchokera ku chipatso mungathe kuphika compote ndi kupanikizana, kuzizira, phala ndi shuga. Malangizo a kusungirako kwa nthawi yaitali: Ndibwino kuphika mabotolo m'matumba, kuphimba peeled blueberries, ndowe ndi kudzaza ndi sera. Sungani pamalo ozizira ozizira.
Ndikofunikira! Zimakhulupirira kuti ma blueberries amatha kusintha masomphenya ndi kuchiza matenda ena a maso, koma maphunziro a zachipatala pa nkhaniyi sanachitidwe. Komabe, katundu wa zipatso ndi opindulitsa kwa maso.
Njira zoberekera ku Bilberry
Ma bilberry ndi mbeu yabwino komanso yosakanikirana yobzala. Young baka la bilberry idzalowa fruiting osati posachedwa. Ngati chomeracho chimachokera ku mbewu, ndiye kuti zipatsozo ziyenera kuyembekezera zaka 5-6. Pankhani ya kuswana buluu cuttings - mofulumira.
Mbewu yamabuluu
Kuti mupeze mbewu kuchokera ku zipatso, muyenera kuzigwedeza ndi kusakaniza ndi madzi. Pambuyo pake, mbewu zopanda kanthu ndi zotsalira za zipatso zimayandama pamwamba. Madzi ayenera kuthiridwa mpaka atakhala oyera ndipo mbewu zikhale pansi. Timatulutsa kuchokera mu chidebe ndikuwumitsa pamapepala a pepala. M'tsogolomu, n'zotheka kubzala blueberries kuchokera ku mbewu mwachindunji, ndikudula. Kubzala mbewu za bilberry kumachitika mabokosi kapena miphika ndi peat. Mu masabata angapo, mphukira zimawonekera. M'nyengo yozizira, chidebecho chimamera chiyenera kusungidwa m'chipinda chowala ndi kutentha kwa 5-10 ° C. Mu kasupe, mapula amafunika kuti adzidwe, ndiyeno - kukula, ndi kubzalidwa m'malo osatha chaka chamawa.
Ndikofunikira! Kulima blueberries ndi mbewu zabwino kuchokera ku zipatso zachisanu. Asanadzalemo, amachotsedwa ndikuchiritsidwa ndi akukula.
Akugawa magawano
Ndi njira iyi yoberekera, mmera wa mayi amafukula mu kugwa ndikugawidwa muzitsamba zopanda pake (zamoyo zomwe zimapanga shrub), makamaka ndi 5 zowonongeka bwino. Kufika kumayendetsedwa m'njira yamba.
Cuttings
Zowonongedwera ndi mphukira ya lignified ya mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya blueberries. Kumapeto kwa June - kuyamba kwa July, cuttings wa 4-6 masentimita m'litali amadulidwa ndi lakuthwa wosabala mpeni. Masamba apansi ayenera kuchotsedwa ndipo ena onse afupikitse ndi theka kuti achepetse kutuluka kwa madzi. Mphepete mwa kudula imalimbikitsidwa kuti ichitiridwa ndi mizu yopanga stimulator. Kenaka muyenera kukonzekera kubzala: kutsanulira 6-8 masentimita a peat kapena dothi la peat mu bokosi ndi 2-3 masentimita atsuka mtsinje mchenga. Mitengoyi iyenera kuikidwa mchenga kuti asayandikire peat wosanjikiza, ndipo pamwambayo iyenera kukhala ndi filimu kapena galasi. Nthaŵi ndi nthawi, timadontho timene timadula timayenera kutulutsa ndipo nthawi zonse timapopera, mchenga sayenera kuuma. M'chaka, zidutswa zamphamvu kwambiri zimasamutsidwa ku malo osatha.
Kukula kwa blueberries pa webusaiti sikophweka, kufuna kudziwa, khama ndi kuleza mtima, chifukwa zokolola ku tchire zomwe zalimidwa ziyenera kuyembekezera zaka zingapo.
