Mlimi aliyense ayenera kudziwa tizirombo timene timakhudzira mbewu zomwe amalima kuti azipeze munthawi yake ndikwaniritsa chithandizo chofunikira. Zoopsa kwambiri ndi kangaude kapena tetranchid, zomwe zimatha kuwononga mbewu zazing'ono ndi zazikulu, zipatso zawo.
Kuopsa kwa kangaude ka nthanga
Amakhala pachiwopsezo chachikulu cha ang'ono ndi mphukira zomwe zikubwera kumene. Pankhaniyi, kufa kumachitika ngakhale mukukhalabe bwino pazomwe mukukula (kupanga michere yoyenera). Mbande za tomato wokhazikika, tsabola belu, kabichi, biringanya zimazimiririka pang'ono pang'ono ndikuwukira tizirombo, motero ndikofunikira kwambiri kuchitira chithandizo chofunikira munthawi yothandiza kupulumutsa mbewu ndikuletsa kufalikira kwa chilondacho.
Mbande za mbewu nthawi zambiri zimakhudzidwa ndi nthata za akangaude
Aliyense wa tiziromboti amayamwa zomwe zili m'maselo am'kati mwa minofuyo. Satha kudya juwisi, chifukwa kukula kwakang'ono kwambiri kwa nsagwada sikulolani kuti mufike ku ziwiya za xylem (minofu yamadzi yopangira madzi), pomwe imayenda. Kuwonongeka komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha nkhupakupa kumayambitsa mapangidwe a maselo akufa a parenchyma, omwe pang'onopang'ono amakula ndipo pamapeto pake amakhudza pepala lonse. Amasiyana mitundu: zofiirira, zachikaso kapena zoyera.
Kufufuza kunja kumabweretsa malingaliro kuti mbewuyo idakhudzidwa ndi matenda a virus kapena fungal, chifukwa tizirombo sawoneka. Amakhala pansi pa masamba.
Kugwa ndikusilira kumachitika kale ndi vuto lalikulu ndi nkhupakupa, pomwe kuli kovuta kale kupirira. Tizilombo touluka mwachangu kwambiri ndipo mu theka la mwezi pa m2 padzakhala anthu mazana angapo. Zomwe zimapangidwa ndi wamaluwa kukula mbande ndizabwino kwambiri chifukwa cha tetranichids, kotero kufa kumachitika msanga.
Mitundu yonse ya masamba a kangaude imawonedwa kuti ndiowopsa, koma yoyipitsitsa ndiyo: wamba, ofiira komanso mbali ziwiri.
Izi majeremusi sasankha mbewu yomwe ndibwino kukhazikika. Kukula kwake kochepa sikumuloleza kuyenda, kotero chakudya chomwe chili pafupi kwambiri ndicho chakudya. Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya mbande imakhala ndi zosiyana ndi izi:
- zukini, maungu - anakhudzidwa pang'ono;
- phwetekere, zina zoyandikira ndizothekera kwambiri;
- kabichi yaying'ono, masamba a sitiroberi ndi nkhaka - amavutika kwambiri;
- maambulera ndi anyezi - osagwira, koma iwo samakula mwanjira iyi;
- mbande za mitengo yazipatso ndi zitsamba - nthawi zambiri.
Chifukwa chake, titha kunena kuti tetranichids amapezeka pafupifupi kulikonse.
Zomwe Zimayambitsa Matendawa
Ma spider nthata amatha kuwononga mbewu zonse zobzala mdziko, zobiriwira komanso nyumba. Ndiwofatsa ndipo amatha kumakhala komwe akufuna. Kufalitsa kogwira ntchito kumawonedwa munthawi yonse yotentha. Masamba akumtunda kumtunda kwa dothi, masamba ogwa ndipo safa chisanu. Itha kunyamulidwa ndi mphepo.
Kapangidwe ka zinthu zabwino (kuphatikiza feteleza wa nayitrogeni, kutsirira osakwanira, kutentha pamwamba pa +25 ° C) kumathandizira kuti kubereka kwake kuchitike. Sizingatheke kuteteza mbewu zonse ku matenda, chifukwa chake, njira zoteteza ziyenera kutengedwa ndipo odwala akuyenera kuwonongeka.
Mtundu wa mbewu yomwe yakhudzidwa
Pakadutsa nthawi yoyamba, ndizosatheka kudziwa kuti nkhupakukhazikika pambewuzo. Kukula kwake kocheperako kumakupatsani mwayi kubisala bwino, choncho muyenera kuganizira mbeu nthawi ndi zochulukitsa, makamaka masamba omwe amakhala pansi. Tetranichid ndi wobiriwira wotuwa.
Maonekedwe opanda mawanga pamasamba, ma cobwebs, ochenjera, osakwiya - chizindikiro cha kukhalapo kwa nkhupakupa.
Njira zothetsera kangaude
Pali njira zingapo zowongolera zomwe zingakhale zoyenera pamikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana: makina, wowerengeka, wachibadwa (osagwiritsidwa ntchito kunyumba) ndi mankhwala. Chitetezo chimayambira ndi njira yoyamba, kenako imapitilira yachiwiri kenako, kumapeto, imawazidwa ndikukonzekera mwapadera ngati zotsatira zabwino sizinapezeke.
Makina
Izi ndi njira zosavuta:
- Kanikizani ndi zala zanu kapena muchotse. Ngati mbande imakhala ndi masamba ochepa, ndiye kuti izi ndizotheka, ngakhale zimatenga nthawi. Mukakulitsa tchire loposa 50, ntchitoyo singakhale yoyenera.
- Sambani ndi madzi. Pali chiopsezo chakuwononga mbewu kapena kusefukira madzi, ndiye kuti mwaukadaulo zimavuta kuchita.
Anthu
Njira zopezeka bwino komanso zotetezeka. Zisakhudze zomera, kumenya mphutsi ndi akulu. Zowonongekazo zimakhala zopanda mphamvu (zokhala ndi matenda opatsirana) ndikugwiritsa ntchito pafupipafupi (kawiri pa sabata).
| Zosakaniza | Mawonekedwe | Kugwiritsa / kuwaza | Kupeza |
| Sopo, madzi. | Filimu yoteteza imapangidwa. Tizilombo timene timalumikizira m'miyendo yake, kuti isasunthe. | Gwiritsani ntchito mfuti yopopera kapena mfuti. Sabata iliyonse kupewa. Mukadwala masiku atatu aliwonse. | Kuzikika pa grater yamafuta, kusungunuka kwathunthu m'madzi ofunda. |
| Mowa, vodka. | Imawotcha chivundikiro chamakungu, imawopseza fungo. | Ikani masamba ndi zimayambira. | Zambiri pazosakaniza. |
| Cola, Pepsi. | Njira yothandiza kwambiri, koma yotsika mtengo kwa madera akuluakulu. | Popewa ndi masiku 7, pomwe pali chowopseza. | Tsegulani kuti muchotse thovu. |
| Zonunkhira: tsabola wofiira ndi wakuda, sinamoni ndi mpiru, tincture wa adyo. | Amayendetsa fungo. | Kawiri pa sabata. | Sakanizani pazofanana. Tincture: adyo amathiridwa ndi madzi ozizira kwa tsiku limodzi. |
| Marigolds. | Osalekerera fungo. | Utsi. Zobzalidwa mumanjira. | Kulowetsedwa: theka chidebe cha mbewu 10 malita a madzi. Sopo 40 g imawonjezedwa. |
Zamapangidwe
Njira zabwino komanso zothandiza. Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ophera tizirombo okhala ndi moyo wa alumali womwe watha kumathandizanso. Ndikokwanira kugula ndalama zotsika mtengo.
| Mankhwala | Mawonekedwe | Kugwiritsa / kuwaza |
| Fitoverm | Imawola msanga, simalowa mu chomera, siziunjikira. Kutsitsa kochepa. Zimaletsa tizilombo. Mphutsi sizimafa. | Wopukutidwa ndi madzi. Gwiritsani zomatira zapadera. Mukufuna kubwereza katatu. |
| Karbofos | Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono tamphamvu pa malathion. Zimakhudzana ndikakhudzana ndi majeremusi. Sangagwiritsidwe ntchito pa maluwa kuti tizilombo tothandiza tisamwalire. | Kuchulukitsa kwa hydration ndi yankho lokonzedwa pa kutentha kwa +15 ° ะก. |
| Ditox | Zomwe zimagwira ndi dimethoate. Zimatengera mankhwala a organophosphorous. Osatsukidwa ndi mvula. Zimayambitsa ziwalo. | Nthawi 1-2 nyengo yonseyo. |
| Karate Zeon | Mankhwala osokoneza bongo ozikidwa pa lambda-cygalotrin. Zimakhudza ma invertebrates ena. | Kuphatikizika kwatsopano m'mawa. Kukula kwathunthu. Norm kutengera kuchuluka kwa tizirombo. |
| Kinfos | Kukhudzana-m'mimba. Muli mitundu iwiri ya mankhwala ophera tizilombo. Ili ndi chothandiza kwambiri. | Amasinthana chomera chonse chogawana. |
| Clipper | Zomwe zimapangidwazo zimakhala ndi gulu lochokera ku gulu la ma pyrethroids - bifetrin. Imagwira ntchito mwachangu. | Nthawi yonseyi yomwe ikukula chifukwa cha kupewa. Osakhala owopsa kwa anthu ndi nyama. |
A Dachnik adalangiza: njira zodzitetezera popewa kufalikira kwa mbande ndi nthanu za akangaude
Tizilombo timeneti timatha kukhala gwero la matenda opatsirana. Ukonde umateteza ukamapopera, ndiye kuti muyenera kuuchotsa isanachitike. Amapatsanso majeremusi ena. Kulimbana ndi matenda nthawi zonse kumakhala kovuta kuposa kupewa.
Pali njira zingapo zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popewera:
- Zowononga: Dothi ndi mbewu. Mutha kuwundana kapena kusenthetsa nthaka, kugwiritsa ntchito kukonzekera kwachilengedwe.
- Kumwaza: ndi madzi kapena sopo wamadzi. Tsikulo silivomereza chinyezi, kotero kukonza masiku 7 aliwonse ndi njira yabwino.
- Kupalira ndi kutola zinyalala. Njira yofunikira, chifukwa tizirombo timadzisilira.
- Kumasuka. Zimalepheretsa kukula kwa majeremusi mazira.
- Kuyendera Kuchitidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kuti muzindikire komanso kuwongolera zofunika.
