Rudbeckia - Zakale, zabwino kapena zosatha zomera za herbaceous za Aster kapena banja la Compound. Pafupifupi pali mitundu 40 ya rudbeckia. Chilengedwe - North America, wamba ku Europe ndi Africa. Dzina loyamba ndi maso akuda a Suzanne.
Mukudziwa? Dzina la sayansi lamakono linaperekedwa ndi Karl Linney kulemekeza a botanist a Sweden - bambo ndi mwana Rudkhov.
Mitundu yosatha ya rudbeckia
Ambiri mwa chikhalidwe, amatha kuteteza kutentha ndi matenda. Timapereka chidziwitso kwa mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya rudbeckia yosatha.
Rudbeckia wowala (wokongola)
Chomera chosasunthika chomera chosatha chokhazikika, chophatikizidwa, chosakanizidwa masamba, maluwa mpaka 9 masentimita awiri, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa ofiira ndi alanje ndipo amasonkhanitsidwa mu inflorescences ofanana ndi nyenyezi. 
Rudbeckia wanzeru - chomeracho ndi chaching'ono, kutalika kwake ndi masentimita 60. Mmodzi mwa mitundu ya rudbeckia ndi yochenjera - rudbeckia variabilis, omwe maluwa ake ali a chikasu-lalanje ndi owala, ndipo pakati - chofiira. Mitundu ya Goldstar ndi Goldsturm imadaliranso ndi maluwa a golidi ndi otchedwa brown centre.
Maluwa imakhala kuyambira June mpaka Oktoba. Amakonda malo a dzuwa, amakula bwino pamtunda wosakanikirana, ndipo amalekerera chilala molakwika. Komanso, Rudbeckia amafuna feteleza wamchere, kutaya udzu nthawi zonse, kuchotsa masamba ouma ndi maluwa ouma, ndi kudulira m'nyengo yozizira. Zimafalitsidwa ndi magawano kapena mbewu.
Ndikofunikira! Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya rudbeckia imatha kukhala wamkulu m'mabotolo pamapangidwe ndi masitepe, ndipo maluwawo adzatha nthawi yonse yotentha ndikumapeto kwa mwezi wa September.
Giant rudbeckia
Malo ogawirako ndi North America. Makina aakulu osatha ndi masamba a mtundu wa bluu, ophimbidwa ndi sera yonyezimira, maluwa okongola a bango, okhala ndi mdima wakuda wakuda omwe amapanga mabala oyambirira a oblong. Kutalika kwakukulu kwa rudbeckia ndi 120-150 cm. 
Mphukira kumapeto kwa July, imamasula mpaka kumayambiriro kwa September. Chomeracho ndi chopanda chisanu ndipo m'malo mwake chilala chimagonjetsedwa, malo abwino kwambiri a chimphona chachikulu - ndi dzuwa kapena gawo la mthunzi. Pambuyo maluwa, maluwa mapesi ayenera kukonzedwa kuti apange chomera kuyang'anitsitsa. Ubwino ndi kuti chomera chiyenera kukhala chodulidwa. Komanso chimphona chachikulu chimayang'ana bwino m'munda.
Western Rudbeckia
Zomera zosathetsa chilala, zomwe zimafika kutalika kwa 1.5 mamita. M'kati mwake mulibe maluwa a bango, orebeckia maluwa ali ndi mnofu wozungulira kapena wonyezimira, wozunguliridwa ndi masamba obiriwira, okhwima. 
Mitundu imeneyi inayambika mu chikhalidwe mu 2002. M'msika wamaluwa mungapeze mitundu iwiri yokha - uyu ndi Green Wizard (Green Wizard) ndi Black Beauty (Black Beauty). Nthawi yamaluwa kumadzulo Rudbeckia amachokera pakati pa mwezi wa June mpaka September.
Zomerazi ndizoyenera kupanga zokhazokha ndi magulu opangidwe pa udzu, mipanda yokongoletsera, mapiri, gazebos ndi munda wina ndi zomangamanga. Komanso, chomeracho chingagwiritsidwe ntchito kulembetsa bouquets.
Western Rudbeckia imafuna kuwala, imayenera kukulira m'madera ozizira, yotsekedwa ndi mphepo yamkuntho; Nthaka yabwino kwambiri imamera feteleza, imakhala yosalala bwino, koma imatha kukula ndikukula pamtunda wolemera mchenga ndi acid.
Kufalitsa kwa Western Rudbeckia kumachitika ndi mbewu kapena mmera. Kusonkhanitsa Mbewu kumachitika mu kugwa, zouma, zodzazidwa mu matumba a mapepala ndi kusungidwa m'malo ozizira. Kumera mbande pamalo osatha kumachitika kumayambiriro kwa June.
Western Rudbeckia imafuna kuthirira madzi osasinthasintha, kuchepa nthawi zonse, kumasula nthaka, kudyetsa feteleza ovuta. Kuwonjezeka kwa maluwa a inflorescences kudzakuthandizira kupitiriza maluwa.
Kukongola rudbeckia
Rudbeckia wokongola amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi wamaluwa, malo omwe amapezeka ndi North America. Herbaceous osatha 60 cm wamtali, ndi zamphamvu zimayambira ndi oblong kapena masamba ozungulira; mabasiketi a inflorescences m'mimba mwake mpaka masentimita 10, omwe ali ndi maluwa okongola a maluwa a njere-bulauni ndi a chikasu. Maluwa achitsamba - ma cloves atatu, omwe ali pamphuno ya nthambi. 
Maluwa okongola a rudbeckia amatha kuchokera zaka khumi zoyambirira za July mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa September. Amadziwika ndi nyengo yozizira hardiness, kupirira kwa tizirombo ndi matenda, kawirikawiri zimakhudza nematodes, chifukwa chimene maluwa amalaka.
Kawirikawiri, zosiyanasiyanazi zimatchedwa "ambulera ya golide". Ndi bwino kusankha feteleza zokongola, feteleza, nthaka yosasunthika, malo a dzuwa kapena mthunzi. Ndikofunika kuti muchite nthawi yam'mawa kapena madzulo kuthirira, gawanizani zaka 3-4, kudya ndi sodium ndi magnesium masabata atatu, kuchotsani namsongole ndikumasula nthaka.
Kubzala Rudbeckia mbeu zabwino ndikugawa chitsamba. Mbewu imafesedwa nthaka yotseguka kumayambiriro kwa March.
Rudbeckia wosakanizidwa
Zosatha 1.2 mamita okwera, zamphamvu, zowonongeka kwambiri, zimayambira ndi masamba omwe ali ndi tsitsi lolimba lonselo; ndi masamba a ovate ndi oval, komanso pubescent; mabotolo amtundu wa masentimita 20-25, omwe amapangidwa kuchokera ku maluwa ofiira a chikasu ndi bulauni wofiirira. 
Zipatso za hybrid rudbeckia ndi mbewu zokongola 30 mm yaitali. Wosakanizidwa wa Rudbeckia amapanga tchire zamphamvu zodzaza ndi madengu akuluakulu.
Mitundu yotchuka kwambiri pakati pa wamaluwa - Amber (kusagonjetsedwa kwa chilala ndi chisanu chosatha ndi zofiira zofiira ndi zofiira); Kutentha kowala (kugwiritsidwa ntchito kukongoletsa mabedi a maluwa, ndi madontho okhwima ndi madengu ofiira-bulauni); Gloriosa Desi (osatha ndi madengu akuluakulu mpaka 16 cm); Desi iwiri (yosatha, yolimba-nthambi yamtengo wapatali, yokhala ndi masamba ovunduka ndi masamba ovate); Mphepo yamkuntho (zonse zosiyana, zoyenera kulenga mixborders, mabedi a maluwa, kuphatikizapo miyambo yambiri yamaluwa).
Kuti ulimi wa hybrid Rudbeckia ukhale wothira dzuwa ndi dothi losakanikirana, chomeracho chiyenera kudyetsedwa kawiri pa nyengo, chokhachokha, kuchotsa maluwa otchedwa inflorescences ndi kudula mvula. Kuthirira kumafunika nthawi yamvula.
Komanso pakati pa perennials zingakhale zosiyana orebeck wofiira. Chomera chachikulu komanso champhamvu chokhala ndi inflorescences kwambiri. Popeza kuti Rudbeckia ndi wobiriwira, osati wodzichepetsa komanso wosagwirizana ndi zinthu zina, n'zosavuta kuyankha funso limene limamera - pafupifupi ku Ulaya konse ndi America, koma nthawi zambiri imakonda malo amchere kummwera kwa North America.
Mtundu wina wa osatha ndi mtundu wa Golden Ball. Chitsamba chachikulu (2-2.5 mamita), chokhala ndi masamba obiriwira, omwe ali ndi masamba ambiri. Ma inflorescences m'basiketi amakhala ndi maluwa awiri odzaza globular. Kusatha kuli ndi zovuta ziwiri zofunika. Mphukira zazikulu zimagwera mosiyana, komanso mpira wa golide Rudbeckia amayamba kukula kwambiri, kuteteza zomera zina mu bedi la maluwa.
Mitundu ya pachaka ya Rudbeckia
Rudbeckia sikuti imatha nthawi zonse, komanso mitundu ya pachaka yomwe ndi yosavuta kusamalira ndi yabwino kuyang'ana.
Nsomba rudbeckia (tchati)
Kawirikawiri, ubweya wa rudbeckia umakhala wochuluka ngati pachaka: m'chaka choyamba maluwa ake ndi ochititsa chidwi kwambiri, m'zaka zambiri chikoka chake chatayika. Chomeracho chimakhala ndi makasitomala owongoka omwe amayamba ndi nthambi zotukuka mamita 0.5-0.9 mu msinkhu. Masamba akum'mwamba ndi sessile, lanceolate, m'munsi mwake ndi aakulu (mpaka 13 cm m'litali) ndi mapiko a mapiko. Maflorescences ndi madengu amodzi ndi masentimita 5 mpaka 15, maluwa amsongo ndi achikasu-chikasu, mtundu wa tubula ndi wofiira. 
Mitundu yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi Toto. Rudbeckia Toto ndi kamphindi kakang'ono, kamene kakang'ono kamene kali ndi maluwa akuluakulu, okongola pa timagulu ta nthambi. Kuwonjezera pa mitundu ina ya rudbeckia, malo ogona bwino amamutsatira, dothi labwino kwambiri ndi losavuta. Kuberekera kumachitika ndi mbewu ndi magawano a chitsamba. Bzalani mbewu kumapeto kwa May. Maluwa amayamba mu Julayi ndipo amapitirira mpaka September.
Mukudziwa? Kuchokera ku orebeckia yaubweya amachititsa mankhwala omwe amachititsa kuti thupi likhale lofooka, prostatitis ndi kutupa kwa chiberekero, matululitis ndi chifuwa.
Rudbeckia bicolor
Mmodzi mwa mitundu yodziwika kwambiri ya rudbeckia pachaka, yomwe panthawi ya kukula imapanga tchire. Mitundu ya inflorescences ya zomera ikhoza kukhala yosiyana kwambiri. 
Kawirikawiri wotumbululuka wachikasu ndi mtundu wofiirira pamakhala. Lili ndi maluwa ambiri omwe amatha kuchokera ku theka lachiwiri la July mpaka kumayambiriro kwa mwezi wa October. Amakonda malo abwino kwambiri kapena penumra yowala, koma mthunzi wonse umakhala wovulaza kwambiri mkhalidwe wa masamba a Rudbeckia awiri.
Zimakula bwino pa loamy, lotayirira, dothi lonyowa. Mitundu yosakanikirana ndi yayikulu mu kukula, ikhale ndi nthawi yayitali kuposa maluwa.
Ndikofunikira! Yabwino oyandikana nawo awiri mtundu rudbeckia mu maluwa bedi adzakhala phlox, delphinium, aster ndi lupine. Chifukwa cha kuyanjana kwa mitundu ya maluwa, bedi la maluwa limakhala ndi maonekedwe okongola komanso okonzeka bwino.
Rudbeckia akuphimba
Chaka ndi chaka, kufika pamtunda wa masentimita 80. Zimayambira pazisindikizo komanso zowonjezera. Masamba a Rudbeckia akukumbatirana amaikidwa pambali, opanda, mchere, oval kapena ochepa, okhala ndi nsonga zapamwamba ndi zowonda m'mphepete mwake. 
Mitengo ya inflorescences imasonkhanitsidwa m'mabhasiketi, maluwa okongola a mthunzi wonyezimira, mdima wonyezimira maluwa, pamtunda wa masentimita atatu. Kawirikawiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malo pamene amapanga zosakaniza.
Rudbeckia triloba
Kutentha kwake kumaphatikizapo masentimita 60 mpaka 1.5 mamita. Zambiri zimayambira nthambi pamtunda, zamphamvu ndi ubweya, masamba 12 cm kutalika, oblong kapena ovate, kupota m'munsi mwa petiole wonyezimira, zobiriwira, zobiriwira kapena zobala . 
Madengu ambiri 3-4 masentimita awiri, maluwa a bango - chikasu kapena lalanje, elliptical ndi yowala, 2 cm yaitali, tubular ali ndi wakuda ndi wofiira. Maluwa mtsogolo - kuyambira August mpaka October. Ali ndi chisanu chotsutsa, akhoza kupirira mpaka -29 ° C. Analowa chikhalidwe mu 1699.
Kukula orebecky sikungabweretse mavuto ambiri ndipo sikufuna ndalama zapadera kuchokera kwa wamaluwa. Maso okongola akuda a Suzanne amasangalala ndikukhudza eni ake ndi maluwa awo.
