Nthawi zina masamba amkati zam'mimba amayamba kutembenukira chikasu ndikuwuma. Chisamaliro cha osaphunzira nthawi zambiri chimakhala chowalimbikitsa. M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana zifukwa zonse ndi kukuuzani zochita. Koma poyamba, mawu ochepa onena za mbewuyo yomwe.
Pelargonium yomwe timamera kunyumba (molakwitsa kuitcha kuti geraniums) ndiyomera yabwino komanso yopanda ulemu mkati mwake yomwe ikukula. Chimakwanira bwino pakupanga kwa mundawo, monga momwe imamverera bwino m'misewu. Ndizokongoletsera zabwino za nyumbayo, chikumbutso chowoneka bwino cha chilimwe. Nthawi zina masamba a "geranium" amasintha chikasu kumapeto. Pang'onopang'ono, zobiriwira zobiriwira zimagwa, mawonekedwewo amachepa kwambiri.
Ngati simusamalira maluwa mu nthawi, ndiye kuti adzafa. Pachifukwa ichi, muyenera kuwerengera zolakwika zomwe mukukula mu "geranium" kuti zitheke nthawi zonse mawonekedwe ake.
Zomwe zimapangitsa masamba kuti akhale achikasu mu "geranium"
Zifukwa zikuluzikulu zomwe zimawonekera:
- kuswana zinthu kuphwanya;
- kuthekera kumasankhidwa molakwika;
- kuchuluka kapena kuchepa kwa feteleza;
- matenda;
- osamwetsa madzi osasamba.
Pazifukwa zilizonse, masamba onse achikasu ayenera kuchotsedwa, kenako kukonza zosowa posamalira mbewu. Ngati izi sizikuthandizira, ndikofunika kuti ndikofunika kuti ndikusintha ndikudula m'nthaka yatsopano. Pankhaniyi, mizu yonse imayenera kutsukidwa ndi yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate.
Zolakwa posamalira ma geraniums apachipinda
Chisamaliro cha kusaphunzira ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe masamba achikasu amawonekera m'mera. Chomera ichi chimakhala chodzikulitsa pakukula, koma malamulo oyambira kukula kwake ayenera kulemekezedwa. Kudziwa zolakwa wamba, ndikosavuta kumvetsetsa zomwe maluwa omwe mumakonda m'nyumba amafuna.
Kuipa kolakwika
Kusankha kwa mphika kwa pelargonium kuyenera kufikiridwa mosamala kwambiri. Omwe amalima novice ena pachabe amakhulupirira kuti mizu imafunikira malo ambiri. Koma izi sizoyenera kuzomera zonse.
Zomera zamkati mwa chidebe cholimba zimadzaza msanga malo onse ndi mizu ndipo kukula kwa chomera kumachepera. Zotsatira zake, masamba ayamba kutembenukira chikaso ndi youma. Kugwiritsa ntchito duwa lalikulu kwambiri siikhala njira. Mumphika wokulirapo, pelargonium imayamba kumanga kwambiri mizu, ndikupatsa njirayi mphamvu zake zonse. Pachifukwa ichi, maluwa adzachedwetsedwa.
Pamalo ambiri, pamakhala chiwopsezo chokhala chinyezi, zomwe zimatsogolera kukula kwa zowola.
Kuperewera kapena kuyatsa kwambiri
Maluwa a Pelargonium. Ndikwabwino kuyiyika pawindo, pomwe pali kuwala kokwanira. Mafomu achikasu achikasu pamasamba, azayamba kuyanika. Koma mphezi zachindunji za dzuwa nazonso zimapha pelargonium. Kuyaka kwa brown kumawonekera kuchokera kwa iwo.
Kwambiri kuthirira
Indoor geranium ndi mitundu yolekerera chilala, izi ziyenera kuganiziridwa mukamachoka. Ndikokwanira kuthirira kamodzi pa sabata. Panthawi yachilimwe chotentha, ma frequency a hydration amatha kuchuluka. Zomera sizilekerera chinyezi chambiri. Chowoneka ndi mawonekedwe akuwonekera kwa masamba pa masamba.
Kuperewera kwa madzi okwanira
Indoor geranium whimsical okhudza kuthirira. Simalola kusowa kwa chinyontho, ndi koyipa poyendetsa madzi. Ndikofunikira kupeza chinyengo: kuthirira pansi nthaka ikauma masentimita 2,5.Ngati izi ndizovuta kutsatira, kuyika nthaka ndi njira yabwino. Kwa izi, makungwa a paini, peat, mwala wosweka, tiyi, moss, tchipisi cha nsangalabwi ndizoyenera. Nthawi pakati kuthirira ikachuluka, sipadzakhala chiopsezo chofalikira kwa zowola, ndizotheka kupewa chikasu cha masamba.
Dothi losalondola
Kuti mizu ya pelargonium ikule bwino, mumasowa msanganizo wapadera wachonde. Itha kugulidwa kusitolo. Dothi lomwe lasonkhanitsidwa pabwalo kapena m'nkhalango litha kukhala losakwanira geranium wamkati, ndipo limayambitsa kukula bwino komanso kusowa kwamaluwa.
Komanso werengani nkhaniyi pamitundu yosiyanasiyana ya pelargonium ndikuisamalira moyenera.
Chinyezi chachikulu
Osangokhala mizu yokha, komanso masamba omwe amamvera kwambiri madzi ochulukirapo.
Osapopera mbewu pa botolo la utsi. Izi zimasokoneza mtundu wa zobiriwira, zimasanduka chikaso.
Kutentha kwambiri
Geranium wabwino kwambiri wamkati amamera pa kutentha kwa +20 ° C. Madigiri okwera amapereka chikasu pamasamba. Izi nthawi zambiri zimakhala nyengo yozizira, pamene magetsi akuwotha amachepetsa mpweya pafupi ndi pawindo pomwe mbewuyo ili. Ndi kuzizira, kukula kwa pelargonium kumachepetsa, maluwa akuchedwa. Akukonzekera kufota.
Kuperewera kwa feteleza
Kukula mwachangu ndi maluwa othamanga kumafunikira thanzi labwino. Pazinthu izi timafunikira chitsulo, phosphorous, potaziyamu. Zakudya zopatsa thanzi ziyenera kuwonjezedwa pafupipafupi pamwezi. Mutha kugula zosakaniza zamitundu yonse zamaluwa amkati okhala ndi mpweya wochepa wa nayitrogeni.
Tikukulimbikitsani kuti muwerenge nkhani yokhudzana ndi chifukwa chomwe pelargonium singathenso kuzimba mwa inu.
Zomera
Ndi chikasu ndi kuyanika masamba, geraniums wa chipinda atha kupeza mankhwala pachomera, mwachitsanzo, kukonzekera udzu. Pelargonium imakhudzidwa ndi ukhondo wa m'nyumba komanso zodzikongoletsera - ma fresheners am'mweya, zopopera tsitsi.
Zojambula
Nthawi zambiri nyumba zamkati zimayikidwa pazenera. Palibe chodabwitsa kuti chomera chokongola ichi chimakondweretsa maso nthawi zonse. Koma kupuma pafupipafupi kumavulaza maonekedwe a pelargonium. Masamba amayamba kusanduka achikasu ndi owuma, pang'ono ndi pang'ono zonse zimagwa. Konzani zinthu posankha malo opanda mphepo.
Kukhetsa kwanyumba kapena kusowa kwake
Kuti muthetse chinyezi chambiri kuchokera ku mizu, poto uyenera kukhala ndi chosungira. Palibe, njira yowola imayamba, yomwe pang'onopang'ono imawononga chomera chonse. Kuyamba kwake kungatsimikizidwe ndi masamba. Amayamba kusanduka achikasu popanda chifukwa.
Matenda ndi Tizilombo
Ngati chisamaliro chabwino, masamba a geranium amatha kutembenukira chikaso, ndiye chifukwa chake pamakhala matenda am'mimba.
Gray zowola
Pathogen: Botrytis cinerea (Botritis imvi). Amakhala m'nthaka kuyambira zaka ziwiri kapena ziwiri. Imafalikira mumphepo, ndi nthaka, madzi, ndi mbewu zina zopatsirana.
Zifukwa:
- chinyezi:
- chinyezi chachikulu;
- kupopera mankhwala kwambiri;
- kuchuluka kwa nayitrogeni m'nthaka;
- mpweya wabwino.
Matendawa amadziwika ndi kuwonongeka kwa masamba. Mapulani okhala ndi madongosolo velvety ndi mawonekedwe a bulauni pamenepo. Kwambiri, matendawa amakhudza masamba apansi.
Ambulansi: chithandizo ndi fungicides (Fundazol, Vitaros).
Rhizoctonia zowola
Pathogen: Rhizoctonia solani. Matenda amatenga dothi.
Zifukwa:
- kuchuluka kwazovala zapamwamba;
- Kuchulukitsa kutentha kovomerezeka;
- chinyezi chambiri;
- kuchepa kwa kuwala;
- mpweya wabwino
- kusiyana kwa 6 ... 8 ° C pakati pa kutentha kwa dothi ndi mpweya wozungulira.
Matendawa amakhudza mizu ndi zimayambira za chomera, malo owoneka amawoneka pa tsinde. Bowa akuyamba kufalikira limodzi nawo (kutalika kosaposa 25 cm).
Ambulansi: kusiya kuthirira ndi kuchiza ndi fungicides (Fundazol, Vitaros, Rovral).
Alternariosis
Pathogen: Alternaria alternata. Matendawa amapezeka kudzera m'nthaka, makamaka m'malo obisika.
Chifukwa chake ndi chinyezi chachikulu.
Masamba achikasu ndi a bulauni okhala ndi malo owala amawonekera pamasamba. Ndi chinyezi chachikulu, amaphimbidwa ndi velvet yakuda. Nthawi zambiri, matendawa amakhudza zonal pelargonium.
Ambulansi: chithandizo ndi fungicides (Skor, Ridomil Gold, Rovral).
Verticillus ikuyenda
Tizilombo toyambitsa matenda: Verticillium dahliae ndi albo-atrum. Amakhala pansi mpaka zaka 15. Matenda amatuluka kudzera mu mizu yowonongeka, mukazula mizu.
Matendawa amagwira ntchito makamaka m'chilimwe, nyengo yotentha komanso kuyanika kwamdothi msanga.
Amayamba ndi kukongoletsa masamba am'munsi. Mtsogolomo, matendawa amakhudza chomera chonse. Woopsa, pelargonium ayenera kutayidwa kunja ndi pansi.
Ambulansi: kusungitsa chinyezi choyenera ndikuchiza ndi fungicides (Fundazol, Vitaros, Rovral).
Dzimbiri
Pathogen: Puccinia pelargonii-zonalis. Imafalikira kudzera muzomera zina ndi madzi komanso mlengalenga.
Mutha kudziwa kuyambika kwa matendawa ndi mfundo zofiirira pa tsinde. Kenako masamba ake amasintha chikasu. Pang'onopang'ono onse amagwa.
Ambulansi: kuchepetsa chinyezi cha mpweya, kusiya kupopera mbewu mankhwalawa, kuchotsa masamba odwala, chithandizo ndi fungicides (Topaz).
Ngati ma germala achikasu a chipinda chikufunika kuyendera mbewuyo, ikhoza kuti idawonongedwa ndi majeremusi. Samakonda kugwira pelargonium, chifukwa fungo lamphamvu silisintha.
Pelargonium nthawi zambiri imakwiyitsidwa ndi zovala zoyera. Amakhala ndikugona masamba. Tizilombo tating'onoting'ono titakula kwambiri, ndiye kuti masamba amasanduka achikasu kapena kutuwa. Mutha kuwona mbewa yoyera ndi diso lamaliseche. Kukula mpaka 3 mm kukula ndi mapiko oyera.
Masamba a geranium atayamba kutembenukira chikasu ndi kupindika mkati, uku ndi kuwukira kwa nsabwe za m'masamba. Kuthana naye ndizovuta, koma zenizeni. Kuti muchite izi, mbali zonse za mbewu zomwe zimakhudzidwa zimachotsedwa, kenako zimathandizidwa ndi Fitoverm kapena Mospilan.
Timalimbikitsa kuti muwerenge nkhani yofotokozera chifukwa masamba amatha kupindika ndi kuyanika pafupi ndi masamba a chipinda komanso zoyenera kuchita nazo.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala kumudzi kwawo amadziwitsa: ambulansi ya geraniums ndi kupewa
Geranium wamkati ndi masamba achikasu amatha kupulumutsidwa. Malangizo a kupumula msanga kwa pelargonium:
- poika mbewu, yang'anani mizu kuti muvunde, kuwonongeka kwa matenda, ngati yowonongeka, sambani ndi yofooka yankho la potaziyamu permanganate, sinthani nthaka yonse;
- M'dzinja ndi nthawi yozizira, poto wamaluwa amaikidwamo kuchokera ku ma radiator; imatha kupita nawo kukhonde loyang'ana bwino (kutentha ngati kusatsika ndi +12 ° C);
- kuthiriridwa ndi madzi ofewa, chitetezeni kwa nthawi yayitali ndikuwonjezera mchere wa citric acid kapena mandimu (madontho 3-4);
- kuyesedwa pafupipafupi kuti ziwonongeke ndi tizilombo, bowa, munthawi yake zimachitika;
- sankhani dothi m'sitolo, ndi dothi lapadziko lonse lapansi la mbeu zakunja;
- mpweya wozungulira ukawuma, samapukuta pelargonium kuchokera ku atomizer; ndibwino kuyika kapu yamadzi kapena dongo lonyowa pafupi nalo;
- kudyetsedwa pafupipafupi, monga duwa limazindikira kusapezeka kwa michere (sankhani feteleza wovuta kusitolo);
- kuti pelargonium idaphukire kwambiri, kudulira kumachitika mchaka, kusiya masamba angapo;
- ngati chomera chikafika mbali imodzi, mphikawo imatembenukira mbali ya dzuwa ndi mbali zosiyanasiyana;
- musanaze kuthirira, kumasula dothi, mizu ya pelargonium imafunikira mpweya;
- M'nyengo yozizira, amayang'anira mosamala kuti masamba asakhudze galasi lozizira, chifukwa chauma, amatembenuka chikasu ndikugwa msanga;
- tsiku lotentha lotentha, patsiku lotentha, zenera limasulidwa ndi pepala kapena chidutswa cha gauze;
- ngati zenera sill ndi lozizira m'nyengo yozizira, kuti lizitha kuziziritsa mizu, kuyikapo kakhitchini pansi pa mphika wopangidwa ndi matabwa, thaulo, nsalu yopaka ubweya m'magulu angapo pansi pa mphika;
- ngati mulibe chosungira mumphika ndi ma geraniums, ndikuwonjezerapo posachedwa, ndiye kuti muziboola pansi malo angapo ndikulankhula kwa moto;
- M'nyengo yozizira, amaphimba mabatire ndi chopukutira chaching'ono, izi zimachotsa kutentha kwawonjezera kuchipinda komanso mpweya wouma kwambiri wa pelargonium pawindo;
- Poto yabwino ya geranium ya m'chipinda ndi mphika wouma. Dongo loumba limadutsa mpweya, madzi ochulukirapo amasuluka mofulumira, mpweya umalowa muzu.
Masamba okongola a kijani a pelargonium amawonetsa thanzi la chomera komanso chisamaliro choyenera. Kusintha kumawonetsa matenda, tizirombo, kapena nsikidzi.
