Bindweed ndi wa banja la Convolvulus. Anthu adamuyitananso "birch". Ndipo asayansi amachitcha Convolvulus, chomwe chimamasuliridwa kuchokera ku Latin kuti "coagrate". Izi ndichifukwa choti mitundu yambiri imafuna kuthandizidwa, ndipo imakulungidwa kuzomera zoyandikana. Duwa limakhala m'malo otentha komanso otentha.
Kufotokozera ndi mawonekedwe a bindweed
Ichi ndi masamba osatha kapena pachaka kapena chitsamba. Imafikira kutalika kwa 4 m, imakhala ndi zokwawa kapena zowongoka, zomwe zimamera ndi mizu yowoneka bwino.
Masamba nthawi zonse amakhala pa petioles. Ndiwowongola mivi kapena wowoneka ndi mtima, wokhala ndi mano kapena wogawika masamba.
Maluwa amapezeka okha kapena mu inflorescence mu sinuses zobiriwira. Kapangidwe kake kama ngati belu kapena ngati ulusi wa belu, pomwe ma loboti amawonetsedwa pang'onopang'ono. Imatsegula m'mawa m'mawa kwambiri, pokhapokha ngati kuli nyengo yabwino.
Pambuyo maluwa, mapangidwe amapanga. Awa ndi mabokosi okhala ndi njere. Amasungira kumera kwa zaka 2-3 mutakolola.
Mitundu ndi mitundu ya bindweed
Mitunduyo imaphatikizapo mitundu 75, ya ina 836 sinakhale yokhazikika. Ku Russia, ndi mitundu yokhayo yomwe imapezeka.
Munda
Zosakhazikika kapena pachaka, kutalika kwake kwa 1-1.5 m. Maluwa ndi ochepa, amakula limodzi ndi tsinde lonse losalala kapena laubweya. Amabwera ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana: yoyera kwambiri kapena yoyera, yochepera, yabuluu kapena yamtambo. Nthawi ya maluwa: kuchokera khumi lachiwonetsero cha masika mpaka chisanu. Kubalana kumachitika ndi mbewu kapena mizu.
Nthawi zambiri m'munda bindweed (wamba) umawonongeka m'minda yamasamba ndi nyumba zanyengo, chifukwa imakula msanga ndipo imakhomera zikhalidwe zina, kuzitenga mphamvu zamoyo kuchokera kwa iwo. Komabe, palinso phindu kuchokera pamenepa, lomwe si aliyense amadziwa. Zomera zobzalidwa moyandikana sizingakhudzidwe ndi nkhungu kapena mafangayi. Mutha kupezanso mulch yabwino kuchokera kumunda wamtundu wina.
Chomera chimakhalanso ndi mphamvu zochiritsa. Imathandizira bwino ndi matenda a impso ndi chiwindi, imagwira matenda am'mapapo, ndikutsuka magazi.
Munda
Chochititsa chidwi ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi yowala. Kapeti woyendera maluwa amatha kukongoletsa malo osayenera pamalo, pamalo opanda kanthu kapena poyambira. Komanso, munda womangidwa umagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga malire, kupanga magawo. Amatha kulekanitsa gawo limodzi pachikhalidwe, kusokoneza chikhalidwe chonse. Mitundu yotchuka:
| Mutu | Kufotokozera | Maluwa |
| Moor | Kufikira 0,5 m. Nthawi zambiri amakula mumbale kapena mapoto okumbikakumbika. Udzu wamtundu wamakutu a malachite. | Lilac. |
| Zopukutira | Mpaka 0,4 m.Mtchire, imatha kupezeka m'malo otsetsereka a m'mapiri, m'mphepete mwa mchenga wamatupi amadzi, kumapiri. Zimayambira ndizokwawa kapena pang'ono. Mbale yoboola ngati mkondo, wamaliseche kapena yopindika. | Osakwatiwa, okoka. |
Tricolor
Zokongoletsera zapamwamba za liana mpaka 0.5 m kutalika. Masamba ndi imvi-emarodi, wobzalidwa mopanda tsinde. Maluwa akuluakulu okhala ndi m'mbali mwa wavy wozungulira wozungulira amafika 5 cm.
Mitundu yokongola kwambiri:
- Mtambo wamtambo ndi utawaleza wokhala ndi maluwa oyera;
- Royal Ensign yokhala ndi miyala yofiirira ya velvet yokhala ndi tint yakuda;
- Crimson Monarch yokhala ndi rasipiberi wowala.
Tricolor bindweed ndi chomera chododometsa chomwe chili ndi mphukira yam'mbali yambiri yomwe imapatsa chitsamba mawonekedwe. Zosiyanasiyana zimawoneka ngati zochititsa chidwi mumipanda yazometera, ma loggi, ma sill windows, makonde.
Kukula komwe kali ndi mbewu
Duwa limafalitsidwa kokha ndi mbewu. Zitha kufesedwa nthawi yomweyo pamalo osabisika kapena kubzala pa mbande. Zomera zisanakhazikike pambewu zamkati ndizoyenera, chifukwa chitsamba chimakula msanga ndipo chimaphuka kwambiri.
Kufesa mbande mu Marichi:
- Siyani mbewu m'madzi kwa tsiku limodzi.
- Ikani zodyeramo osiyana ndi dothi losakaniza maluwa. Ndi osafunika kumtunda ambiri, chifukwa wosungidwayo salekerera.
- Changutsani mbewuyo ndikuwaza ndi dothi loonda.
- Miphika yoti izikhala pa + 18 ... + 20 ° C.
- Kupanga mchere feteleza. Madzi pafupipafupi, popewa nthaka kuti isayime.
- Mphukira zoyambirira zimaphukira patatha milungu ingapo.
Kubzala chomangira m'munda
Asanabzala, mbande ziyenera kukhazikika. Kuti achite izi, amatengedwa tsiku ndi tsiku, kuyambira mphindi 10, pang'onopang'ono kuwonjezera nthawi ya "kuyenda". Chifukwa cha izi, ophatikizidwa adzakhala ndi chitetezo chokwanira, amatha kuthana ndi matenda osiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yayitali
Kubala kumachitika pambuyo poti chisanu chisungunuke, pamene ngozi ya chisanu ibwerera. Izi zimachitika pakati pa Meyi mpaka theka loyamba la June.
Tekinolo yakunyumba
Ndikofunikira kusankha malo dzuwa. Pokhapokha ngati izi zitakula kwambiri komanso kwanthawi yayitali. Duwa limakhala lonyalanyaza dothi, koma limakula pang'onopang'ono, mwaulemu. Kuyika ndi motere:
- Pangani malo ndi peat (2-3 kg pa 1 sq. M).
- Mulingo pansi.
- Sunulani mbewuzo kuzitsime zomwe zili mtunda wa 20-25 masentimita kuchokera kwa inzake, kudzera m'njira yodutsa. Musanagule, kuthirira mbande (zidzakhala zosavuta kukoka tchire m'miphika).
- Moisturize mowolowa manja.
Chisamaliro Chogwidwa
Kubzala ndi kupitilirabe chisamaliro chomera ndikosavuta. Ndikokwanira kukwaniritsa zofunika zina:
| Chikhazikitso | Malangizo |
| Kuthirira | Wambiri komanso wambiri. Ndikusowa chinyezi, duwa limaponyera miyala yake. Mukanyowa, onetsetsani kuti palibe kusunthika kwa madzi. Chifukwa cha izi, matenda oyamba ndi fungus amatha kuyamba. |
| Mavalidwe apamwamba | Ndi kukula pang'onopang'ono, onjezani phulusa la nkhuni kapena feteleza wa maluwa. Mwachitsanzo, Nitrophosco, Agricola. |
| Kupalira | M'masabata atatu oyambilira mutabzala. Tchire likakulirakulira, lidzatha kuthana namsongole. |
| Mapangidwe | Ndikofunikira kupanga chithandiziro kuti ophatikizika azitha kuluma ndi kukula kwantchito:
Maluwa akakula mbali yolakwika, aduleni. |
Pambuyo maluwa
Ku Russia, amakula ngati chomera pachaka. Chifukwa chake, pakati pa yophukira iyenera kukumbidwa ndi chizungulire, kukumba chiwembu. Popeza duwa limatha kudzidalira, zolemba zatsopano zimayamba kupanga malo omwewo nyengo yamawa.
Matenda ndi tizirombo
Bindweed ndi chomera cholimba chomwe chimakonda kupatsira matenda ndi tizilombo. Nthawi zina, pakakhala chisamaliro choyenera, duwa limayamba kudwala phokoso la ufa. Mutha kuzizindikira ndi izi:
- Masamba oyera a powdery okhala ndi spores fungal. Pakapita kanthawi, amayamba kubisiritsa m'malovu amadzimadzi onga mame.
- Kugwa koyambirira kwa pamakhala.
- Pindani ndi masamba owonda.
- Imani pachitukuko.
Matendawa nthawi zambiri amapezeka ndi zolakwika posamalira:
- chinyezi chachikulu;
- kuwonongeka kwa nsabwe za m'masamba;
- nitrogen yambiri m'nthaka;
- kuchuluka kwa kubzala kwambiri.
Spus zambiri zimatha kulowa m'madzi m'mene zithirira kapena kuchokera ku mbewu zina mu mphepo, kudzera mwa anthu, kapena zida zosatetezedwa.
Ndi kugonjetsedwa kwakukulu, duwa limamwalira, m'magawo oyamba a matendawo limatha kupulumutsidwa:
- Chotsani madera okhudzidwa.
- Utsi ndi phulusa la sopo (2-3 g pa madzi okwanira 1 litre) kapena yankho ndi sopo wamkuwa (25 g wa sopo wobiriwira ndi 2.5 g wa sulfate yamkuwa mu 1 lita imodzi yamadzi).
- Thirani chitsamba pachokha, muli ndi nthaka, nthaka ndi Vitaros, Fundazol, Topaz, Hom kapena fungicides ena.
Nthawi zina, pa aphid yolumikizika imayamba moyo. Tizilombo titha kuzindikirika ndi izi:
- kudula masamba ndi masamba;
- madontho amdima (punctures from proboscis);
- syrupy madzi mlengalenga;
- mawonekedwe a nyerere pafupi ndi mbewu (amakopeka ndi ntchofu).
Mutha kuwononga tizilombo m'njira zotsatirazi:
- pukuta gawo lakuthambo ndi nsalu yopukutira ndi madzi amchere;
- gulani m'malo ogulitsa olimitsa mphutsi za nyerere zofiira kapena ma ladybugs (awa ndi adani achilengedwe);
- gwiritsani ntchito mankhwala omwe agula: Commander, Bankol, Vertimek ndi ena.
Mr. Chilimwe wokhala amadzidziwitsa: momwe mungachotsere zovuta kumunda
Kupindika kwakuthengo kumatha kukhala vuto kumundawo. Akumera mbewu zina, amazitsamwitsa, sizimalola kukula kwabwinobwino.
Udzu womwe umakula mwachangu umafunika kuwonongedwa udakali wachichepere. Iyenera kudulidwatu osasiya mizu mu nthaka. Mwa izi, mphukira zatsopano zimatha kupanga. Sungani mosamala mbali zonse za mbewu kuti mbewu zisakhuthuke ndikuwotchedwa. Ngati izi sizikuthandizani, ndiye kuti muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oopsa: Linder ndi ena onse.
Kuti mupewe kupitanso kosafunikira kukula kwa bindweed, nthawi yamasika, ikani dziko lonse lapansi, ndikuwononga zotsalira za mizu. Pambuyo pake, kuphimbira m'derali ndi zinthu zomwe sizimayatsa kuwala ndi mpweya. Zikatero, mbali zotsala za mbewuzo zimafa. Zomera zimathandizanso kuthana ndi udzu wosafunikira. Mwachitsanzo, mpiru yoyera.
